静态路由和默认路由的配置.doc

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1、,静态路由和默认路由的配置n 实验目的主要是通过该试验，掌握静态路由和默认路由的配置操作方法和验证，掌握静态路由的配置场景和默认路由配置的应用背景。为今后CCNA的学习打下路由的基础。n 实验要求给定192.168.1.0/24的地址，本实验要达到如下要求：1、 子网的划分和依据，子网掩码的设置。2、 静态路由的配置3、 默认路由的配置4、 验证配置的正确性5、 静态路由和默认路由的应用场合n 实验拓扑（可选）n 实验设备（环境、软件）本部分主要是阐述本实验用的实验设备、软件及其数量和要求。n 实验设计到的基本概念和理论给出静态路由、默认路由的概念n 实验过程和主要步骤步骤1：子网的划分和子网

2、掩码的配置步骤2：3个路由器和2个pc机上的ip地址配置步骤3：在路由器A配置一条默认路由步骤4：在路由器B配置2条静态路由步骤5：在路由器C配置一条默认路由步骤6：通过show ip route 给出3个路由器的路由表内容步骤7：在PC_A通过ping PC_B测试连通性，并给出结果。1.0/241.1/261.65/261.128/261.192/261.193/271.216/271.0/241.1/261.65/261.128/261.192/261.193/271.216/27ROUTE 0Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPr

3、ess RETURN to get started!RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.192Router(config-if)#no shutdo

4、wn%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.192Router(config-

5、if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.1.66Router(config)#no ip route 192.168

6、.1.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.1.66/ 关闭静态路由Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.66Router(config)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleRouter#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA -

7、OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded stat

8、ic routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.1.66 to network 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.0/26 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.1.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 1/0 via 192.168.1.66Router#ROUTER 1Press RETURN to get started!RouterenableRou

9、ter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.66 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.66 255.255.255.192Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthern

10、et1/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.192Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Inter

11、face FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#exit Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.65Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.130Router(config)#no ip route 0.

12、0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.65Router(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.130/关闭默认路由 Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.1.65Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.192 255.255.255.192 192.168.1.130Router(config)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleRouter#show

13、ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1,

14、L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 192.168.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsS 192.168.1.0 1/0 via 192.168.1.65C 192.168.1.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 192

15、.168.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S 192.168.1.192 1/0 via 192.168.1.130 Route 2Press RETURN to get started!RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1

16、30 255.255.255.192Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.193

17、255.255.255.192Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0Router(config-if)#Router(conf

18、ig-if)#exit Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.129Router(config)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleRouter#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NS

19、SA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last reso

20、rt is 192.168.1.129 to network 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.0/26 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 192.168.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.1.192 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 1/0 via 192.168.1.129n 心得体会静态路由和默认路由的联系和区别我还是不太清楚，有点模糊。在配置静态路由时，子网的划分有点迷糊，划分错了好几次，后来请教了一下同学才完成。默认路由我都忘了配置，后来查找了一下资料明白默认路由的定以后配起来就快多了，也明白为什么这么做了。附：默认路由是一种特殊的静态路由,指的是当路由表中与包的目的地址之间没有匹配的表项时路由器能够做出的选择.如果没有默认路由器,那么目的地址在路由表中没有匹配表项的包将被丢弃. 默认路由在某些时候非常有效,当存在末梢网络时,默认路由会大大简化路由器的配置,减轻管理员的工作负担,提高网络性能.