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1、Unit41. be similar to与.相似 similarly adv同样的；类似的similarity n相似点；类似性be similar in在.方面相似be the same as与.相同be different from与.不同be different in在.方面不同2. allow sb/sth to so sth允许某人/某物做某事allow doing sth允许做某事be allowed to do sth被允许做某事permit/advise/forbid/consider sb to do sth3. individual adj单独的；个别的 n个人indiv
2、idually adv分别地；各自地4. chief adj最重要的；最高级别的n首领；酋长the chief engineer总工程师an editor-in-chief=editors-in-chief总编辑5. puzzle n 谜；智力游戏；疑问vt迷惑；使困惑puzzlement n迷惑；困惑puzzler n谜团；费解的事puzzling adj令人困惑的；令人为难的puzzled adj 困惑的；令人为难的be puzzled by被.迷惑be puzzled about 对.感到困惑be in a puzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好puzzle over/about仔细琢磨，迷
3、思苦想puzzle out仔细考虑解决（难题等）;仔细琢磨某事ed形容词常说明人的感受或修饰人的表情、声音等；ing形容词常说明事物的性质6. nearby adj附近的；临近的 adv在附近live nearby住在附近a nearby hotel=a hotel nearby附近的一个旅馆nearly adv几乎；差不多；将近 near adj近的；接近的 adv在附近 prep在.附近7. join.to.把.和.连接或连接起来join sb in doing sth加入某人一起做某事connect.with/to.把.和.连接或连接起来“与.有关系、有联系”be related to
4、; be linked with/to; be involved in; be associated with; have something to do with8. break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；克服（习惯）break up打碎;分裂；结束，散会；解散；破裂break down出故障；垮掉；失败break into强行闯入break in强行进入break through突破break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发9. result in结果为；导致result from由于；源自as a result结果，因此as a result of作为.的
5、结果因+as a result/result in+果果+as a result of/result from+因10. refer to.as把.称为.reference n参考 reference book参考书refer to提到，谈到；参考，查看，查阅；涉及，关于11. belong vi应在（某处）；适应belonging n（U）归属belongings n (pl)所有物；财产；财物personal belongings个人财物；私人用品belong to属于（无进行时和被动语态）a sense of belonging归属感12. as well as同（一样也）；和；还as
6、well也;又；还（通常放在肯定句句末）13. defence n防御；保卫 defend v防御；保护；辩解；辩护in defence of为保卫.;为.辩护in ones defence为某人辩护come to ones defence出来保护某人defend.against/from.保卫.免受.14. legal adj法律的；合法的 legally adv合法地 illegal adj非法的；违法的illegally adv非法地the legal system法律体系15. surround vt围绕；包围surroundingadj 附近的；四周的 surroundings n环
7、境（pl）surround. with.用.包围.be surrounded by/with.被.包围/环绕16. evidence n 证据；根据；证明evident adj明显的；显然的evidently adv显然；明显地；清楚地a piece of evidence一项证据in evidence显然；显而易见It is evident/obvious/apparent/clear that.=evidently，.很明显，.There is (some) evidence that.有（一些）证据表明.17. achievement n 成就；成绩；达到achieve vt实现；取得；
8、达到achievable adj可实现的，可达到的make an achievement in doing sth在做某事方面取得成就ones achievement in.某人在.方面的成就a sense of achievement成就感18 leave behind落下，忘带；留下；把.抛在后面leave it behindleave for动身去leave alone不管；不打扰leave aside搁置一边；不考虑leave out遗漏；省去；忽视，冷落leave off停止；中断feel left out感觉被冷落18. location n地方；地点；位置locate vt找出.
9、的准确位置be located in/on/at.位于./坐落在.19. battle n 战役；搏斗 vi/vt搏斗；奋斗fight a(n).battle打.的仗battle against与.战斗battle for为.而战，为.而奋斗battle with与.战斗She fought a long battle against cancer before she died.20. fascinating adj机具吸引力的；迷人的fascinate vt/vi深深吸引；迷住 fascinated adj 入迷的，极感兴趣的be fascinating to sb令某人着迷be fasc
10、inated by/with对.着迷21. date back to=date from+表具体时间的名词 起源于；追溯到 date back+表示一段时间的名词out of date过时的；过期的up to date最新的；时髦的to date迄今为止；到目前为止have a date with sb与某人有约会22. keep your eyes open (for)=keep an eye out (for)留心；注意fix ones eyes on注视；盯着看=fix ones attention on/uponkeep an eye on照看，留意；密切注意have an eye f
11、or对.有鉴赏力look sb in the eye(s)直视某人with ones eyes fixed on集中注意力于23. charge n收费；指控；主管 vt收费；控告；充电in charge主管；看管free of charge=for free免费take charge of负责；主管in charge of负责；主管in the charge of由.负责、掌管=in ones chargecharge sb money for sth因.而收取某人.费用charge me 20yuan for dinner收我20元的餐费charge sb with (doing) sth
12、 控告某人（做）某事accuse sb of (doing)sth控告某人（做）某事charge him with speeding指控他超速charge the battery给电池充电24. announce vt宣布；通知；声称announcement n 通知，公告announce sth to sb向某人宣布.=announce to sb sthIt is announced that据宣布/报道.As is announced正如宣布那样explain sth to sb向某人解释.introduce sth to sb向某人介绍suggest sth to sb向某人提议rep
13、ort sth to sb向某人报告25. amount n金额；数量vi总计；等于in large/small amounts大量地；少量地He withdraws money from the bank in large amounts.他从银行里取出一大笔钱。the amount of+U.的数量a large/small amount of+U+单数谓语动词“大量/少量的”large amounts of+U+复数谓语A large amount of medichine is indeed needed in the earthquake-hit area.Large amounts
14、 of money are spent on the celebration.26. approach n方法；途径；接近vt接近；接洽；着手处理 vi靠近approachable adj快接近的；和蔼可亲的；易理解的approach sb for/about sth就某事与某人洽谈with sth approaching在.快到的时候at the approach of快到.的时候an approach to (doing) sththe way of doing sth/to do sththe means of doingthe method of doing sth做某事的方法appr
15、oach the problem/matter处理问题approach the house走近房子“来临，靠近”be coming/be approaching/be on the way/be around the corner27. ensure vt保证；确保；担保ensure that.确保.be certain/sure of/about对.有把握be sure/certain that.对.有把握make certain/sure of弄清楚；确保for sure/certain确定；无疑It is certain that.肯定会.28. generous adj慷慨的；大方的；
16、丰富的generously adv慷慨大方地generosity n慷慨；大方be generous to sb对某人很慷慨be generous in doing sth乐于做某事be generous with sth在某方面很大方It is generous of sb to do sth某人做某事真是很慷慨with generosity宽宏大量；慷慨29. position n位置；姿态；职位 vt（小心）放置，安置 in the first/second position第一名/第二名in/out of position在/不在适当的位置take the position that认
17、为.hold the position of.担任.职务30. eager adj热切的；渴望的eagerly adv热切地；渴望地eagerness n热切；渴望be eager to do sth渴望做某事be eager for sth渴望得到某物in ones eagerness to so sth渴望做某事，急于做某事with eagerness热切地31. feast n盛宴；宴会；节日a visual feast一场视觉盛宴a feast for the eyes视觉盛宴32. roll v （使）翻滚；（使）滚动n 卷；翻滚rolling adj起伏的roll down the
18、 cheeks 滚下脸颊roll over 翻转roll in蜂拥而来roll up卷走；滚滚上升33. greet vt问候；迎接greeting n问候；打招呼greet sb .with以.来欢迎be greeted by/with sth受到.欢迎offer/send greetings to sb向某人致意34. custom n 风俗；习俗；习惯customs海关It is the custom for sb to do sth某人做某事是习俗35. striking adj引人入目的；显著的strike v (灾难或疾病)侵袭；爆发；敲（钟）；划（火柴）；打，击；撞碰；突然想到s
19、th strikes sb=it strikes sb that某人突然想到.36. transition n过度；转变；变迁 transitional adj过渡的a transitional period过渡时期37. crowd n人群；一群人；民众crowded adj 拥挤的；挤满的a crowd of/ crowds of 一群，成群in the crowd在人群中crowd into ones mind涌上某人的心头be crowded with挤满.crowd in (on sb)(问题或想法)涌上（心头）；涌入（脑海）短语1. attend to照顾；照料2. not so/as.不如3. take turns to do sth/doing sth轮流做某事4. be dotted with点缀着5. a herd of cattle一群牛6. breathe in吸入 breathe out呼出
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