2022年高一英语必修一重点单词短语及句型的归纳,推荐文档 .pdf

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1、1 高中英语必修 I 重点单词、短语和句型Unit 1 Friendship 重点单词和短语1.add up合计add up to 共计,总计达addto.往 添加2.upset sb.某人不安upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼be upset at/about 因 而烦恼3.ignore sb./sth.忽视，不理会be ignorant of/about 对 无知，不了解ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的ignorance n.无知，愚昧4.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定calm down 镇静，平静calm sb.down 使某人镇静adj

2、.平静的；镇定的keep/stay calm 保持镇静5.concern vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注with concern 关切地show(no)concern for/about sb.对某人(不)关心,concern oneself with/in 参与，干涉be concerned with 与 有关系be concerned about/for sth./that-clause 为 担心，挂念as far as be concerned 就某某而言concerning prep.关于，有关6.walk the dog 遛狗7.go through 经历,经受；穿过，通过

3、；审阅，检查；通过，成功go through a hard time 经历了一段困难时期go through the baggage 检查行李go through the newspaper 浏览报纸go through lots of money 花了很多钱come through 安然度过（疾病.危机等）cut through 抄近路，穿透look through 仔细查看8.set down.记下，放下，让某人下车set down the ideas on paper 把想法写在纸上set me down at the bus-stop 在车站让我下车set about(doing)st

4、h.着手（做）某事set off 动身；出发；引爆；燃放set out 出发；着手做set up 竖起；创设，开办9.a series of 一系列的,一连串的a series of books 丛书a series of stamps 一套邮票a series of pictures 连环画10.on purpose 故意地=by design=deliberately by chance/accident=accidentally lie to sb.on purpose 故意向某人撒谎on purpose to do sth.为了 而特地go there on purpose to se

5、e sb.特意到那里去看某人for the purpose of（目的能否实现还不知道）为了 的目的with the purpose of（目的能实现）名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 14 页 -2 11.in order to/so as to(do sth.)为了,以 为目的so as to“为了”,只能用在句中；in order that/so that“为了”,其后接从句。12.at dusk 在黄昏时刻at dawn 在黎明时分13.face to face 面对面地(作状语)have a face-to-face interview with the

6、hero 和这位英雄进行一次面对面的采访shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地hand in hand 手拉手地heart to heart 贴心地side by side 并排地，并肩地back to back 背靠背地arm in arm 臂挽臂地word by word 逐字地14.cheat n.骗子；vt.欺骗，欺诈；vi.作弊，舞弊cheat sb.(out)of sth.骗取某人的某物cheat sb.into doing sth.骗取某人做某事15.have got to=have to 不得不，必须16.crazy adj.疯狂的；狂热的；着迷的be crazy

7、to do sth.（某人）疯狂地去做某事be crazy about/on doing sth.对做某事狂热be crazy for sth.渴望某物be crazy for sb.迷恋某人17.hide away 躲避，隐匿；隐蔽，藏18.get sth.done=have sth.done 让/请人做某事；使某事被做get sth./sb.doing 让某物/某人一直做某事get sth./sb.to do 让某物/某人做某事（未做而要去做）get sth./sb.adj./adv.让某物/某人处于某种状态19.It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分强调句型20.ha

8、ppen to do sth.碰巧/恰好做某事21.settle sb.使 定居，安家settle an argument/a matter 解决争端/事情settle down 定居下来，平静下来，舒适地坐下22.suffer vi.&vt.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from 因 而痛苦,患 病suffer from loneliness 因孤独而痛苦suffer from a bad cold 得了重感冒遭受，蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等)suffer a heavy loss遭受严重损失suffer pain/hunger/cold/death 遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡suffe

9、rer n.受苦者suffering n.痛苦,苦难23.recover from illness 生病后恢复24.get/be tired of 对 厌烦25.pack(sth.)up 将（东西）装箱打包26.get along/on with get along/on with sb.与某人相处get along/on with sth.某事进展get along/on well/nicely/badly with 与 处得好/不好;进展顺利/不顺利27.fall in love/be in love(with sb.)相爱，爱上（某人）28.join in sth./doing sth.

10、参加活动join in playing football 参加踢足球join in the game 参加游戏活动join 参加组织团体join the army 参名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 14 页 -3 军join sb.in 和 一起参加 活动join them in singing 与他们一起唱歌29.have trouble/difficulty/problem with sb./sth.和某人相处/做某事有困难have trouble/difficulty/problem(in)doing sth.做某事有困难30.虚拟语气should have

11、 done sth.本应该做某事（而实际上没做）=ought to have done sth.shouldn t have done sth.本不应该做某事（而实际上已做）could have done sth.本来可以做某事（却未做）cant/couldnt have done 不可能做过某事31.keep me spellbound 使我着迷spellbinding adj.是入迷的；迷人的spellbound adj.入迷的32.There was a time when.曾经有一段时间 33.make an effort/efforts to do sth.努力去做某事重点句子1.Y

12、our friend comes to school very upset.2.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.3.she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.4.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so craz

13、y about everything to do with nature.5.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,the songs of the birds,moon-light and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.6.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face7.It s no pleasure looking through t

14、hese any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced 8.There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together.9.I still find it hard to make good friends with them 10.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice Unit 2 English around the world

15、 重点单词和短语1.because of 因为(后接名词.代词.名词性从句)due to“由于”,作表语或状语;thanks to“由于,多亏”,作表语或状语;owing to“由于”,作表语或状语;as a result of“因为 的结果”,作状语;on account of“因为”,作状语2.native adj.本地的,本国的ones native land/country/language 故乡；祖国；母语a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人be native to（动植物）原产于某地n.本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物a native of F

16、uzhou 福州人3.official:adj 官方的；正式的an official language 一种官方语言an official document 一份正式文件名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 14 页 -4 4.more than one+n.不止一个 more than one kind of English 不止一种英语less than 少于no more than 和 一样不（两者都否定）more than 更多，超过；只能rather than 宁可，而不是more or less 或多或少not more than 不如（前者不如后者）；至多

17、e up:走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生（主语是物）He came up to me and said hello to e up with 想出，提出（主语是人）Your question came up at the e across邂逅The sun has come e out 出来，出版，显现I ll let you know if anything comes e over 过来，顺便来访come up with a good idea:想出一个好点子come about 发生6.base vt.以 为根据：base sth.on sth.使 以 为依据/基础base

18、one s opinions on facts:意见以事实为依据be based on:以 为依据n.基础：make London the base for revolutionary work 使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地basis n.根据；基本原则on the basis of 在 的基础上the basis of/for your opinion 你的看法的依据7.present v.赠送；呈现；介绍；描述present sth.to sb./present sb.with sth.向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物present sb.to sb.else 向某人介绍/引见某人adj 现

19、在的；到场的；出席的be present at the meeting 出席会议the present situation 目前的形式at present/at the present time 目前；现在everyone present 在场的各位(前置定语)现在的；当前的present（后置定语）出席的；到场的for the present 眼下；暂时n.赠品；礼物8.vocabulary 词汇；词汇量with/have a large vocabulary:词汇量很大increase/enlarge vocabulary 增加/扩大词汇（量）9.make use of 利用；使用make

20、 full use of 充分利用make good use of 好好利用make little use of 不充分利用make the best(use)of 更好地利用；往好里做make the most of 更好地利用His progress in study lies in the good use he made of his spare time We should consider what use can be made of such a material 10.such as:用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）such as+被列举的事物”和“suc

21、h+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现Sweet food,such as chocolate can make you fat=Such sweet food as chocolate can make you fat 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 14 页 -5 no such thing没有这样的事（1）若 such与 no,all,most,some,any,another,many,much,a few,few,little,a little,several,one 等词连用时，such应置于这些词之后。（2）如果 so与 many,much,few,

22、little等词连用时，so 应置于这些词之前。mand v.命令；指令；掌握command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command(that)sb.(should)do sth.（从句中谓语用虚拟语气）n.命令;指令；掌握obey the captains commands 服从船长的命令give a command 发布命令by sbs command 根据 的命令take the command of an army:统帅/指挥一支军队under the command of sb.=under s bs command 在 的指挥下have a good command

23、 of English.精通/熟练掌握英语12.request v.请求，要求request sth.要求/请求得到，索要某物request sth.from sb.向某人索要某物request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事=request that sb.(should)do sth.（从句中谓语用虚拟语气）It s requested that 从句据要求as requested 依据请求n.要求，请求make a request for sth.要求/需要某物make a request that 从句，要求by request 应邀at sb s request/at th

24、e request of sb.根据 的请求13.play a part in 在 中担任角色/起作用play the part of sb 扮演某人的角色play an important/vital part/role in(doing)sth.在 中起重要/至关重要的作用play the leading role/part 起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角14.recognize vt.识别；认出；承认（指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因又重新认出来）recognize sb./sbs voice.认出某人/听出某人的声音recognize sth./that 从句承认recogn

25、ize sth./sb.to be 承认某人是 recognize sth./sb.as sth.正式认可/接受某事/人为recognition n.承认，认出beyond/out of recognition 认不出来15.make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通16.hold on 别挂(电话);坚持17.direction n.方向；指导；指示（常用复数）；说明书【要点】用作“方向；指导”时，与介词 in 或 from 搭配；用作“指示；说明书”时，则与 under 搭配。ask directions 问路 give directions 指路；给予指示in the directio

26、n of 朝 方向from the direction of 来自 方向名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 14 页 -6 in all directions=in every direction 向四面八方under the direction of sb.在某人的指导下under one s directionaccording to ones directions 根据某人的指示follow/obey/listen to ones direction 听从某人的指导18.put sth.down 写下；记下；镇压19.have fun with sth.以 为乐

27、20.believe it or not 信不信由你（常用作插入语，也叫独立成分）重点句子1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don t speak the same kind of English.2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.3.By the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before

28、.4.One reason is that English has a large vocabulary.5.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.6.She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.Unit 3 Travel journal 重点单词和短语1.transport n.运输；运送the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统the tr

29、ansport of goods by air 空运货物in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中v运输；运送transport(from)to 把 从 运到transportation n.运输 a means of transportation 一种运输方式2.prefer vt.更喜欢prefer coffee to tea.更喜欢咖啡而不是茶prefer doing to doing 更喜欢干 而不愿干 prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿干 而不愿干 prefer sb to

30、 do sth.宁愿让某人做某事prefer that sb(should)do 更宁愿某人干 preference n.(两者之中)较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱have a preference for 对 偏爱have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好in preference to.而不是；优先于3.ever since.从那以后4.persuade vt.说服；劝服.persuade sb.to do sth.=persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做 persuade sb.not to do sth.=persuade sb.ou

31、t of doing sth.说服某人停止做 ；劝阻某人做 persuade sb.of sth.或 persuade sb.+that-clause 使某人相信某事persuasive adj.有说服力的persuasion n.说服；劝说5.graduate.v.（自大学）毕业；获得学位名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 14 页 -7 graduate from 毕业于（学校）graduate in.毕业于 （专业）graduate sb.授予某人学位或毕业文凭n.毕业生：a high school graduate:高中毕业生a science graduat

32、e 理学士graduation n.毕业（典礼）after/before graduation 毕业后/前6.schedule:n.时间表；进度表class schedule:课程表ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时behind schedule 迟于预定的时间；拖后vt.为 安排时间schedule the meeting for that night 会议的时间定在那天晚上be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事7.be fond of(doing)sth.be into/crazy about(doing)st

33、h.喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣be interested in(doing)sth.8.organize.vt 组织；成立；安排；整理organize a football match 组织一场足球赛organize your thoughts 整理你的思路organize sb.to do sth.组织某人干某事9.care about 关心；忧虑；惦念care for 喜欢；照顾take care注意；担心take care of 照顾with care 小心；谨慎10.insist v.坚决要求；主张insist on/upon doing sth.坚持做某事insist on/up

34、on ones doing sth.坚持要某人做某事insist that-clause 坚持认为；坚持说He insisted that he was right.他坚持认为他是正确的。（陈述语气）He insisted that he should be set free.他坚决要求他被释放。（虚拟语气）11.determine vt.&vi.确定；决定；使 下定决心determine sth./pron.确定某事determine on/upon 决定determine to do sth.决定做某事determine sb.to do sth.使某人决定做某事determine on

35、early start=determine to start early 决定早动身determine+that-clause determined adj 已决定了的；坚定的；坚决的be determined that 从句be determined to do sth 决定干某事=make up one s mind to do sth.a determined look 坚定的表情a determined man 意志坚定的人determination 决定；决心with determination 坚决地a man of great determination 意志坚定的人12.go

36、on/make/take a journey to sp.去某地旅行13.altitude.n.海拔；高处at an altitude of=at a height of 在 高度at 表示“在 处/时；以”at a price of 以 的价格名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 14 页 -8 at a speed/rate of 以 速度at a length of 在 长度at a depth/width of 在 深度，宽度at a distance of 在 远的距离at the cost of 以 为代价14.change ones mind 改变某人的主

37、意make up one s mind 下决心read one s mind 看出某人心思keep one s mind on 专心于speak one s mind 直言不讳have/bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事15.give in(to sb./sth.)(向)屈服；让步；投降；上交give off 放出（光、热、气味、蒸汽等）give out 分发；用完，耗尽；筋疲力尽give away 泄露；赠送give back 归还；恢复give way to 让位于；妥协16.pace.n.一步；速度；步调at a good pace 相当快地keep pace with

38、 跟 齐步前进17.attitude,n.态度；看法take a friendly attitude to/towards us.对我们采取友善的态度hold a positive/negative attitude 持积极/消极态度18.as usual:照常；像往常一样19.flow through sp.流经某地20.go/run like clockwork 按计划进行；进展顺利21.weather forecast 天气预报22.view.n.视野；视力；景色；看法；观点be/go out of view 从视野消失come into view 进入视线admire the view

39、 欣赏景色in my view=from my point of view 依我看来take the view that-clause 持有 观点v.考虑；观看 view sb.as sth.把 看作23.put up 举起，拾起；挂起，张贴；建造，搭建；（为某人）提供食宿the tents.搭起帐篷put up your hands 举手put up the post 张贴海报put up ten people for night 为十人提供食宿过夜put away 放好；积蓄put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压put forward 提出（意见、建议）put in 打断，插话put.i

40、nto use 投入使用put off 延迟，推迟put on 穿上，带上；发胖；上演put one s heart into全神贯注于put out 扑灭（火）；出版put up with 忍受，容忍24.give my love/best wishes to sb.请代我向 问好/候重点句子1.Ever since middle school,my sister WangWei and I have dreamed about taking a 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 14 页 -9 great bike trip.2.It was my sister

41、 who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.3.She insisted that she organize the trip properly.4.Once she has made up her mind,nothing can change it.5.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys,travelling across western Yunnan Provinc

42、e.6.A determined person always tries to finish the job,no matter how hard it is.7.I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.8.The very first time that Joe saw the film“ET”directed by Steven Spielberg,he made up his mind to become a director too.9.Give as much information as y

43、ou can.10.To climb the mountain was hard work.11.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.12.We can hardly wait to see them.Unit 4 Earthquakes 重点单词和短语1.right/straight away=at once 立刻；马上2.burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂；爆发burst into 突然 起来burst into a place=break into a plac

44、e 突然闯进burst into tears/laughters/flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火burst in 闯入；突然插嘴；打断burst out 突然发生，突然说出burst out crying/laughing/singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来n.一阵 a burst of laughter/applause 一阵笑声/掌声 a burst of anger 怒火的迸发3.as if/though 仿佛；好像as if/though+clause 虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时4.at an end 结束；终结in the end 最

45、后；终于at the end(of sth.)在结尾处；在（）结束的时候by the end of this month 在本月末5.ruin n.废墟；毁灭；遗迹be/lie/stand in ruins 成为一片废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明圆遗迹v.毁灭；使破产/灭ruin ones health 毁坏某人健康ruin ones hope 使某人希望破灭6.destroy(destroyed,destroyed)vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭destroy the building 毁坏建筑destroy/ruin ones hope 使希望破灭destructio

46、n n.破坏；毁坏7.track n.轨道；足迹；痕迹keep track of 记录；掌握 的线索名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 14 页 -10 8.shock:n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事vt&vi(使)震惊；震动be a great shock 沉重的打击an electric shock 电击The bad news left us speechless from shock 坏消息使我们震惊得说不出话来。be shocked by/at 对 感到震惊a shocking accident 令人震惊的事故9.rescue:n&vt.援救；营救res

47、cue sb.from 从危险中救出a rescue team 救援队come/go to ones rescue 营救某人rescuer n.营救人员10.trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境trap sb.in the mud=get/be trapped in the mud 被困在泥巴里面trap sb./sth.into(doing)诱使某人/某物（做）set a trap 设圈套11.dig out(dug dug)掘出；发现dig sth.out of sth.把 从 里挖出 dig the truth out of him 从他那里查出真相12.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；

48、隐藏bury one s face/head in sth.把脸/头伸到 里去bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried in thought 陷入了沉思burial n.埋葬；葬礼13.shelter n.躲避（处）；避身处build shelters for survivors 给幸存者建避难所take shelter from the rain 躲雨v.保护；遮蔽；使 住宿shelter me from blame 保护我免受责难14.judge n.裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判断；判决；认为work as a judge:当法官/裁判ju

49、dge sth.from/by sth.由 来判断judging from/by sth.由 来看（作状语）judge sb.to be 认为某人 As far as I can judge 据我判断judge the case 审理这个案件judgement n.判决；审判；判断make a judgement on sth.对 作出判断15.express vt.表达；用快递邮寄出express oneself 表达自己express thanks/thoughts 表达感谢/思想express the letter 用快递方式寄出信件express sth.to sb.=express

50、to sb.sth.向某人表示/表达某事16.rise(rose;risen)vi.升高；增长；站在；起床n.上升；上涨；增升；涨工资rise by 20%增长了 20%rise to 200.增长到 200 rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来Early to bed and early to rise is good to your health早睡早起对身体有好处ask for a rise 要求涨工资get a rise 升级；涨工资17.run out of 从 跑出来；用光（不用被动)18.think little/nothing of 轻视；忽视；对 满不在乎t