2022年2022年基础医学英语词汇讲解学习 .pdf

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1、此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流常见医学单词：BSL Blood Sugar Level 血糖水平anti-coagulation 抗凝CHF Congestive Heart Failure 充血性心力衰竭constrict/constriction 收缩RBC Red Blood Cell dilate/dilation 舒张WBC White Blood Cell negative 阴性Platelet 血小板positive 阳性Plasma/serum 血浆myocardium 心肌Consciousness 意识coronary artery 冠状动脉Hy

2、poxia 缺氧ventricle 心室Osmotic pressure 渗透压atrium 心房Colloid Osmotic pressure 胶体渗透压blood supply 血供Spinal column 脊柱BT bleeding time 出血时间Acidosis 酸中毒 Alkalosis 碱中毒CT clotting time 凝血时间Pulmonary edema 肺水肿water-soluble 水溶性nerve 神经fat-soluble 脂溶性Oxygen 氧气pulmonary arterial/vein 肺动/静脉Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳elasti

3、c 有弹性的Stomach 胃tissue 组织Gastric contents 胃内容物aorta 主动脉Risk factor 危险因素exchange 交换Flushed skin 皮肤发红gallbladder 胆囊Pallor 苍白lung 肺名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Dizziness 头晕kidney 肾Nausea 恶心cardiac output 心输出量Vomit 呕吐peripheral resistance 外周阻力Seizure 惊厥systolic blood

4、pressure 收缩压Enema 灌肠diastolic blood pressure 舒张压Electrolyte 电解质normal range 正常范围Fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱capillary 毛细血管BUN blood urea nitrogen血尿素氮circulatory system 循环系统Blood gas 血气release 释放Hormone 激素superficial 表浅的Protein 蛋白质blood volume 血容量Albumin 白蛋白bradycardia 心动过缓Glucose 葡萄糖tachyc

5、ardia 心动过速Hemoglobin 血红蛋白valve 瓣膜Sternum 胸骨forearm 前臂Rib 肋骨breast 胸部，乳房Liver 肝armpit 腋窝Spleen 脾groin 腹股沟Pancreas 胰腺prevent 预防Iron 鉄bloodstream 血流Calcium 钙fiber 纤维Magnesium 镁acute 急性的名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Sodium 钠diarrhea 腹泻Potassium 钾Antibody-antigen compl

6、ex 抗原抗体复合物Bone marrow 骨髓myocardial infarction Transplant 移植low-grade fever 低热Blurred vision 视力模糊chill 寒战Spontaneous 自主的urticaria 风疹Dysrhythmia 心律不齐inhibitor 抑制剂GI irritation 胃肠刺激inflammation 炎症Intake and output 出入量angioplasty 血管扩张术Hypokalemia 低血钾normal saline 生理盐水Hyperkalemia 高血钾circulatory overload

7、 循环负担过重Hypotension 低血压shortness of breath 气短Hypertension 高血压restless 烦躁不安Antihypertensive 抗高血压药rapid and thready pulse 脉搏细速Headache 头痛orthopnea 端坐呼吸Urinary retention 尿储留pallor/cyanosis 苍白Angina pectoris 心绞痛 chest pain central venous pressure 中心静脉压Sublingual 舌下的Fowlers position 端座卧位Oral 口服的Semi-Fowle

8、r s position 半座卧位Topical 局部的dyspnea 呼吸困难Calcium channel blocker 钙离子通道阻滞剂diuretics 利尿剂Mucosa 粘膜impaired 受损的名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Orthostatic hypotension 体位性低血压pink and frothy sputum 粉红色泡沫样痰Hypoglycemia 低血糖yellow sputum 黄痰Hyperglycemia 高血糖blood-streaked sput

9、um 血丝痰Hypovolemia 低血容量mucoid sputum 黏液痰Hypervolemia 高血容量breathing pattern 呼吸模式Preload and afterload（心脏的）前后负荷sterile 无菌的Dehydration 脱水container 容器Uric acid 尿酸cool clammy skin 皮肤湿冷Sign 体征preventive 预防性的Symptom 症状bronchitis 支气管炎Symptom free/asymptomatic 无症状pneumonia 肺炎Monitor 监测concentration 浓度Constipa

10、tion 便秘barrel chest 桶状胸Skin rash 皮疹distended neck vein 颈静脉怒张Heparin 肝素external irritant 外界刺激物Warfarin 华法林endocrine system 内分泌系统Hemorrhage 大出血insulin 胰岛素Therapy 疗法absorption 吸收Alcohol 酒精reabsorption 再吸收Anemia 贫血shock 休克Folic acid 叶酸trauma 外伤Allergic reaction 过敏反应complication 并发症名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理

11、-第 4 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Bile 胆汁compensatory 代偿的Bile acid 胆汁酸Cholesterol 胆固醇Obesity 肥胖症Stuffy nose 鼻塞collect sputum and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity tests 收集痰血标本做细菌培养和药敏COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病DM Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Gestational diabetes 妊娠

12、糖尿病Ketone body 酮体Ketoacidosis 酮症酸中毒Insulin resistant 胰岛素耐受Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Mechanism 机制，机理IDDM(Type 1)insulin-dependant diabetes mellitue 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NIDDM(Type 2)non-insulin-dependant diabetes mellitue非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病Glucose Tolerance Test 糖耐量试验Oral anti-diabetic medications 口服降糖药PVD peripheral vascular di

13、sease 外周血管病Arterioatherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化CAD coronary artery disease 冠心病CVD cerebral vascular disease 脑血管病Polyuria 多尿Ulcer 溃疡Gangrene 坏疽Fatigue 疲乏Blurred vision 视力模糊Fasting blood sugar 空腹血糖2-hour post-prandial glucose 餐后两小时血糖Hemoglobin 血红蛋白Metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒Respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒Ketonuria

14、 酮尿Sweet breath odor 烂苹果味呼吸Mental confusion 精神错乱Slurred speech 说话含糊不清Wound healing 伤口愈合Renal function 肾功能Renal failure 肾衰Uremia 尿毒症Creatinine 肌酐Urea 尿素名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Internal 内部的External 外部的Itching 痒BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮Carbon dioxide combini

15、ng power 二氧化碳结合力Urine gravity 尿比重Bleeding tendency 出血倾向Injury 外伤Patency 开放，通畅Bed sore 褥疮Skin care 皮肤护理Paraplegia 截瘫Pacemaker 起搏器Elevate 抬高Pitting edema 凹陷型水肿Sodium-restricted diet 限钠饮食Interstitial space 组织间隙Extremity 四肢，肢端Deficiency 缺乏，不足Blood transfusion 输血GI irritation 胃肠刺激Pleural space 胸膜腔Fluctua

16、te 波动Kink 弯曲，折住Water-seal chamber 水封瓶Subcutaneous emphysema 皮下气肿Airtight 密封的Sharp pain 锐痛Dull pain 钝痛Burning pain 灼痛Radiating pain 放射痛各科室名称：medical department;department of internal medicine:内科surgical department;department of surgery:外科department of obstetrics and gynecology:妇产科ophtalmology departm

17、ent:眼科dental department:牙科ENT(ear-nose-throat)department:耳鼻喉科urology department:泌尿科dermatology department;skin department:皮肤科orthopedic surgery department:矫形外科traumatology department:创伤外科名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流plastic surgery:整形外科anesthesiology department:麻

18、醉科pathology department:病理科cardiology department:心脏病科psychiatry department:精神病科orthopedics department:骨科department of cardiac surgery:心脏外科department of cerebral surgery:胸外科neurology department:神经科neurosurgery department:神经外科thoracic surgery department:脑外科department of traditional Chinese medicine:中医科

19、registration office:挂号处out-patient department:门诊部in-patient department:住院部nursing department:护理部consulting room:诊室waiting room:候诊室emergency room:急诊室admitting office:住院处operation room:手术室X-ray department:放射科blood bank:血库dispensary;pharmacy:药房ward:病房laboratory:化验室牤Department of Nephrology 肾内科Departmen

20、t of Chemotherapy 化疗科Department of Radiotherapy 放疗科Department of Endocrinology 内分泌科Respiratory medicine 呼吸科Rheumatology 风湿科Hematology 血液科Geriatrics 老年科Neurology 神经科Oncology 肿瘤科Thoracic surgery 胸外科Urology 泌尿外科Neurosurgery 神经外科Vascular surgery 周围血管外科Gastroenterology 肠胃外科Hepatobiliary surgery 肝胆外科Gener

21、al surgery 普外科Orthopedics 骨科名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Cardiovascular surgery 心外科Burns surgery 烧伤科Hand surgery 手外科Plastic surgery 整形外科Pediatric surgery 儿外科Obstetrics and gynecology 妇产科Stomatology 口腔科Ophthalmology 眼科Infectious disease 感染科Dermatology 皮肤科Otorhinol

22、aryngology(ENT)耳鼻喉科Nuclear medicine 核医学科Psychiatry 精神科Medical rehabilitation 康复科Anesthesiology 麻醉科Radiology 放射科Ultrasonography 超声科Pain management 疼痛科Pharmacology 药理科Internal Medicine 内科名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流常见护理英语 80句一 Receiving the patient（接待病人）1.How do y

23、ou do?/Good morning!您好！（初次见面时使用）/早上好！2.What can I do for you?/Can I help you?您需要我帮助吗？3I ll bring you to your bedside,plea se follow me.This is your bed.我要领您到床边去.请跟我来.这是您的床位.4.The toilet is over there.卫生间在那边5.We supply hot water.我们供应热水6.Please wait a moment.Ill let your doctor know./Ill inform your d

24、octor.请等一会儿,我去通知医生.7.Mary is the nurse/doctor in charge of you.玛丽是您的负责护士/医生8.Please let us know if you need any help.您需要帮助时，请告诉我们.9.Smoking is not allowed here.这里不允许吸烟二.information collection(收集信息)10.Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?您介意我问您几个问题吗?11.We need some information from you.我们需要从您这儿收集

25、一些信息.12.Is your tummy still sore?您的肚子还疼吗?13.Does your pain come on after or before meals?您的疼痛是在饭前还是饭后发作？14.Does it hurt to pass urine?/when I press here?排尿时痛吗？/当我按压这儿时痛吗？15.Does your back ache?您的后背痛吗？16.Do your feet swell?您的脚肿了吗？17.Do you have a cough/fever?您咳嗽吗？/您有发热吗？18.Do you bring up any sputum?

26、您咳痰吗？19.Is there any radiation of the pain?(to the shoulder)有放射（到肩部的）痛吗？20.How long have you had the pain?您的痛有多长时间了？21.When did the pain start?/where is your pain?疼痛从什么时候开始的/什么地方疼痛？22.Are your periods regular?您的月经规则吗？三 Physical examination（查体）23.Will you please undress for medical examination?请您脱下衣服

27、做体检好吗？24.Take off your clothes,please.请把衣服脱下来25.Lie down on the couch,please./Just lie still on the couch and relax.请躺在治疗床上./请安静地躺在治疗床上,放松.26.Bend your knees,please.请屈膝.27.Open your mouth and say ah 张开口,说:啊28.Beathe deeply,please./take a deep breath,please.请深呼吸29.May I examine your tummy,please?我要检查

28、下您的肚子,好吗?30.Roll up your sleeves,please.请卷起袖子.四 Communication.(交流)31.I am going to take your temperature./Please put the thermometer under your armpit.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流我要测一下您的体温/请把体温计放在您的腋下.32.Let me feel your pulse.让我测一下您的脉搏.33.I ll test/take your bl

29、ood pressure.我要测量您的血压.34.I m afraid I have to prick your finger and take a drop of blood for blood sugar level.我要取一滴指血做血糖测定,需要刺一下手指.35.I ll take some blood from your arm now.现在我要从您的胳膊抽血.36.Don t take any thing by mouth after midnight until the blood is drawn tomorrow morning.半夜之后不要吃喝任何东西，明天早上抽血.37.P

30、lease bring a specimen of your urine/stool/sputum./please collect your mid-stream specimen of urine.请留一份尿/便/痰的标本/请收集您的中段尿.38.Please have your blood and urine tests done.请做一下您的血和尿试验.39.You are going to have a CT-scan of your chest/head today.今天您要做一个胸部/头部 CT.40.You are going to have a chest X-ray this

31、 morning.今天早上您要拍一个胸片.41.You are going to have a B-mode ultrasonic exam.Please keep your bladder full.您要做 B 超检查,请留尿,使膀胱充盈.42.You are going to have an gastric endoscopy tomorrow morning.Please dont eat or drink anything after 12 o clock tonight.明天上午您要做胃镜检查，今晚12 点之后，请不要吃喝任何东西。43.You are going to have u

32、rine catheterization now.现在您需要导尿.44.I m going to do an ECG for you.我要给您做心电图.45.I m going to put a gastric tube into your stomach,this is for gastrointestinal decompression.我要放胃管到您的胃内，这是胃肠减压.We can feed you the necessary nutrients through the tube.Please swallow the tube as I put it down.我们通过胃管给您必要的营

33、养.当我放管时,请做吞咽动作.46.I m going to make your bed./well change the bed linen at once.我要给您整理床铺/我们马上给您换床单.47.I ll apply a cold(hot)compress to your ankle.我要给您的踝部冷/热敷48.An operation will be done tomorrow/an emergency operation must be done now.Will you please sign to give your permission for your operation?

34、明天将做手术/现在马上做急诊手术.同意手术请您签字好吗？49.I m going to shave your skin./I m going to do skin preparation for you.我要给您做备皮/我要给您做皮肤准备。50.You re going to have a local/general/epidural anesthesia.要给您做局麻/全身麻醉/硬膜外麻醉.51.Are you allergic to any medication?/penicillin?您对什么药物/青霉素过敏吗?52.I m going to do a skin test of peni

35、cillin for you./If you feel itchy or short of breath,please let me know at once.Ill see the result in fifteen minutes./Im going to do a tetanus hypersensitive test for you.我要给您做青霉素皮试.如果您感到痒或气短,请立刻告诉我./我十五分钟后看结果./我要给您做破伤风皮试.53.I m going to give you an intramuscular injection./intravenous infusion/hyp

36、odermic injection.我要给您做肌肉/静脉/皮内注射54.I m going to give you an enema to help you pass motion.我要给您灌肠,帮助您排便名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 10 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流55.The doctor will change your dressing./The doctor will remove your stitches.医生要给您换药/医生要给您拆线.56.I m going to give you oxygen now.

37、我要给您吸氧57.I m going to give you nebulization.我要给您(雾化)吸入.58.I m going to do bladder irrigation for you.我要给您做膀胱冲洗59.You have to rest in bed for at least one week 您至少要卧床休息一周.60.How are you today?How was your sleep last night?How is your appetite?您今天怎么样？您昨晚睡得怎么样？您的食欲怎么样？61.Did you pass motion yesterday?/

38、Are your bowel movements normal?昨天您排便了吗？/您的大便正常吗？62.What color of your urine?您的尿液什么颜色？63.How much urine do you pass each time?您每次排尿多少？64.You will have skin/cervical traction.要给您做皮肤/颈部牵引65.Take more exercises./Do some light work,have a happy outlook,avoid excitement and too much worry.Be careful not

39、to stumble.多做锻炼/做一些轻体力活动，保持良好的心态，避免兴奋和过度忧虑，小心不要摔倒66.You are going to have a blood transfusion.要给您输血67.The results are normal.结果正常68.You are suffering from/Your disease was diagnosed as 您的病诊断为 69.You have to stop smoking and alcohol.您必须戒烟、戒酒五 about medication and nutrition（关于药物和营养）70.Take two tablets

40、 three times a day after/before food.饭前/饭后服，每日三次，每次两粒.71.Take the medicine with a lot of water.服用此药，要多饮水.72.I ll give you an injection twice a day.我要给您注射,每日两次.73.This medicine is used for preventing infection/treating infection/relieving your pain/protecting your stomach/supplying nutrients/bringing

41、 down your temperature/intracranial pressure/stopping bleeding/这种药是为了预防感染/治疗感染/减轻疼痛/保护您的胃/提供营养/降低体温/降低颅内压/停止出血74.You should have a low fat/low salt/light diet/high caloric diet/high protein/soft diet/liquid food.您的进食应该是低脂/低盐/轻淡/高热量/高蛋白/软食/流食的食物75.Please take some more nourishing food.请食营养多的食物.1 What

42、 can do for you？你有什么事？2May I help you？我能帮你什么忙？3Please take a seat！please sit down！请坐下4Wait a moment,please请等一等5Sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起让你久等了6It is not serious 病情不严重7Don t worry There is nothing to worry about.不必顾虑。8You need a thorough examination 你需要做一个全面检查9You will have to stay in hospita

43、l for several days 你需要在医院里住几天We think that you 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 11 页，共 19 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流had better be hospitalized 我们认为你最好住进医院来。10 You should stay in bed for a few days.你需要卧床几天11 You can keep on working You can carry on with your work.可以继续工作。12 You should be very careful fo

44、r a week or two 这一两周内，你需要很注意。13.Try to relax and keep calm 尽量放松保持镇静。14 You ll soon be all right 你很快就会好起来的15 1 m sure this medicine will help you a great deal 这药对你肯定会很有效的16 Feeling well again is a rather slow process，I m afraid.恐怕痊愈将是一个很慢的过程17 You will have to wait for twenty minutes你需要等20 分钟18 Compl

45、ete recovery will take a rather long time 彻底恢复需要一段很长的时间。19 You will have to come here for periodical check-ups 你需要定期来门诊检查20 If you feel worse，please come back to the clinic right away.要是你觉着病加重了，就请马上来门诊。21 If you feel wo rried,don t hesitate to go to the clinic anytime,day or night.你要觉着难受，无论白天黑夜都赶紧上医

46、院看去22 I ll come right away.我马上就来23 I m going to make arrangements for your admission 我去给你安排住院24 Please come with your interpreter next time 下次请带翻译来。25 Do you un derstand what I m saying？你明白我的话吗？26.Is there anything else you would like me to explain to you？你看在哪些方面还需要解释呢？27.Shall I explain it again?需等

47、我海解释一遍吗？28 If the trouble persists come back again 要是情况还不见好，就请你再来门诊吧。29 There doesn t seem to be anything serious，but we 11 take an x-ray just to be certain 不象有什么严重情况，但还是要拍张x 线片肯定一下。30 Please wait until we get the result of the x-ray(blood test）请等一下，我们需要看一下X线片（验血）的结果。31 It s difficult to say just no

48、w exactly whats wrong.现在还不好说是什么问题。32 This is quite common among people of your age在您这样岁数人当中，这可太寻常了This often happens to people of your age.这种情况经常发生在你这样岁数的人This often occurs at your age这就经常出在你这种岁数上。33.This kind of illness usually occurs among people whose work requires a lot of concentration（who unde

49、rgo a lot of stress）这种病通常发生在工作要求精神高度集中的（精神紧张的）人们当中。34 I suggest you do some light exercises.我建议你做些轻微的锻炼。I suggest you have a course of acupuncture.我自颇胞一个疗程的针灸I suggest that you get physiotherapy treatment.我建议你作理疗。I suggest that you take Chinese herbs.我建议你吃中药。35 I would like to transfer you to the gy

50、necology(surgery,dermatology,urology department。我要将你转到妇科（外科、皮科、泌尿科）去.36 Your WBC（RBC，hemoglobin，urine stool,sputum）should be checked你的白细胞（红细胞，血红蛋白，尿，大便，痰）需要检查一下37 A smear should be taken需要做个涂片.A culture should be done.需要做个培养。38 Please don t eat anything tomorrow morning before blood test明早查血以前不要吃东西。