2022年考研_英语词汇词根词缀大全完全版 .pdf

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1、考研英语英语词汇词根词缀大全.常见的后缀1. 常见的名词后缀(1)表示“人和物”-an American historian -ian Italian Canadian politician -ant assistant accountant participant -ent student president resident -ee employee trainee attendee -er writer speaker waiter -or actor conductor sailor -ess waitress hostess actress -ist socialist noveli

2、st scientist (2)表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词-ability suitability probability -ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage carriage -al arrival refusal revival survival -ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence difference conference -dom freedom wisdom seldom -er

3、y slavery bravery discovery robbery -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood -ion election construction conduction -ition composition competition -ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism -ment movement government encouragement - 276 - -ness kindness carelessness -

4、ship friendship leadership relationship -ure exposure failure measure leisure 2. 常见的动词后缀表示“使 (成为 )” “使化”-ate circulate decorate regulate alternate -en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify -ize realize organize criticize recognize -ish Astonish cheris

5、h establish finish punish polish vanish accomplish abolish 3. 常见的形容词后缀(1)表示“具有性质的”-al national cultural natural -an American republican -ian Italian Canadian Christian -ant pleasant resistant distant constant -ent different confident excellent -ary necessary imaginary customary 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

6、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页-ory compulsory contradictory -ate considerate fortunate -ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese -ic heroic poetic economic -some troublesome handsome quarrelsome (2)表示“充满或缺乏”-free duty-free carefree worry-free -ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful -less hopeless useless

7、needless -(i)ous dangerous various anxious serious -y rainy dirty hairy (3)表示“类似”- 277 - -ish childish stylish greenish -like childlike businesslike -ly brotherly friendly deadly (4)表示“主、被动”意义-able comfortable capable portable disable -ible responsible sensible visible -ive negative positive passive

8、 decisive (5)表示“方向”-ward downward backward forward westward upward 4. 常见的副词后缀-ly successfully strongly quickly angrily slowly -ward(s) downwards eastwards -wise clockwise likewise otherwise .常见的前缀1. 表示“否定或逆转”de- defeat defend define deform dis- disappear disagree disorder disgust in- incorrect inact

9、ive incapable inaccurate il- illegal illogical illiberal im- impossible immature imperfect impatient ir- irregular irrelevant irresponsible mis- misuse mislead misunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violence un- unhappy unlucky unpleasant 2. 表示“时间顺序”ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- for

10、etell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm - 278 - post- post-war postgraduate postpone pre- prepare prepay premature predict re- recall repair rebuild rewrite 3. 表示“方向或位置”ex- export exclude expel exert 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页in- invade inc

11、lude indicate indoor infect im- import immigrate imitate impact impair inter- international interactive interchange sub- subway subsequent subtitle tele- telephone telescope telecommunication trans- transparent transport transplant translate 4. 表示“程度、大小或差别”macro- macroeconomics micro- microscope Mic

12、rosoft micro-oven mini- minibus miniskirt minimum over- overwork overuse overhear super- supermarket superpower superb superstar under- underdeveloped underestimate underline undermine vice- vice-president vice-principal 5. 表示“数量”bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateral kilo- kilometer kilogram kil

13、ohertz kilowatt mono- monolingual monologue monopoly multi- multiple multifunctional multinational semi- semifinal semiconductor semiconscious tri- triangle tricycle triple trilateral uni- unicycle unique universal uniform 6. 变换词类的前缀be- befriend belittle behead - 279 - en- enable endanger enjoy enla

14、rge endear enrich ensure em- embrace employ embitter embody embezzle .常见的词根audi=hear audience auditorium audible audition ced(cess)=go Precede proceed process successor successive recede exceed excess cept=take except exception exceptional accept acceptance acceptable intercept reception deception c

15、oncept conception receptive circle encircle semicircle circular circulate circulation circumstance clud(clus)=close,shut exclude exclusive include inclusive conclude conclusion elude (decide, decisive, decision) cord=heart record recorder concord concordant accord accordant discord cred=believe, tru

16、st credit credible discredit incredible credulous incredulous cur(curs, cour)=run occur occurrence current currency course recur recurrent dict(dic)=say contradict dictate predict prediction indicate indication dictionary duc(duct)=lead educate introduce introduction conduct product reduce reduction

17、 deduce fer=bring, carry conference confer differ different offer prefer preferable transfer defer fus=pour refuse refusal confuse confusion transfuse transfusion ject=throw project inject reject rejection subject subjective object objective eject 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共

18、 4 页log=speak dialogue dialog apology apologize monologue logic medi=middle Immediate immediately medium multimedia intermediate medieval memor=memory memory memorize memo memorable memorial commemorate remember mini=small, little minimum minimize diminish minus minor miniskirt minority miss(mit)=se

19、nd missile dismiss emit promise compromise commit submit - 280 - mot=move motion motive motivate promote promotion demote remote pel=push, drive propel expel repel repulsion repulsive compel impel pend(pens)=hang depend dependent independent suspend suspension port=carry portable import export trans

20、port transportation support supportive pos=put expose compose composition composer propose proposal oppose opposite dispose disposal pose position purpose deposit rupt=break rupture interrupt interruption disrupt bankrupt corrupt erupt eruption sent(sens)=feel sense sensation sentimental consent con

21、sensus resent sensible sensitive nonsense assent sentence sist=stand resist resistant consist consistent assist assistant exist existent insist insistent persist persistent spect(spec)=look spectacle prospect inspect expect respect suspect suspicious spectator special specify specific speculate tain

22、(ten, tin)=hold contain obtain sustain maintain continue continual continuous attain mountain fountain Britain curtain certain tend(tens, tent)=stretch extend extension extensive (extended family) extent ( reading) attend attendant attention attentive content contest contestant (participant) tend te

23、nt tension tense pretend intend intensive ( reading) tract=draw tractor attract attractive contract abstract (concrete) extract subtract distract distraction distracted distracting ven=come invent invention prevent prevention conventional event eventual vert(vers)=turn advertise anniversary divert diverse diversify diversity revert reverse introvert extrovert convert versatile controversial invert avert vis(vid)=see vision visible visit advise advisable revise supervise visa evident evidence provide video 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页