宾语从句ppt讲解.ppt

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1、什么是宾语从句,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句的连接词,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语由名词、代词、不定式 或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员 We know,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试

2、比较,宾o,宾o,主s,谓v,he is a famous basketball player,that,连接词,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员,谓v,主s,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1，陈述句，he is a famous basketball player 2, 一般疑问句， Will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3， 特殊疑问句，which coat did you prefer?,一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非

3、正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从

4、句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth move

5、s around the sun,练一练,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气， 2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wa

6、nts to go swim,If/whether,I ask,（一）宾语从句的语序,句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,宾语从句必须用 _,陈述语序,There is a shop near here.,Is there a shop near here?,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They ar

7、e doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know

8、if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。,1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell. If it is true or not,

9、 I cant tell.,3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。如： I dont know whether to accept or refuse. I dont know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,练一练,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard?

10、4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,特殊疑问句做宾语,Which coat did you like best?,I wonder which coat you like best.,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。,我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Which tie do you like best,特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序 连接词就是疑问词本身,I w

11、onder,I wonder,ATTENTION,which tie you like best?,8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9. Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language she speaks,Why you like pandas,Do you know where _ from?(he,come) Can you tell me w

12、hich_to the park? ( be way),he comes,Is the way,练一练,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me ,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been

13、,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would g

14、o,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,ATTENTION,He told me (that),Summer after Spring .,is,I was told (that),the sun

15、 much bigger than the moon.,is,the sun much bigger than the moon.,no news good news.,My parents told me (that),is,.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who ca

16、r it is?,找错误,was,is,whose,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑问句 ）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七.本课小结,Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doin

17、g B. was doing C. has done D. will do,C,B,巩固练习：,I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。,4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily,C,3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born

18、C. where he comes from D. if he lives here,C,5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,A. took B. take C. takes D. will take,6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.,A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled,A,C,7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow

19、? A. if B. weather C. what D. which,A,8. Could you tell me _?,A. when will they leave Beijing,B. when would they leave Beijing,C. when they will leave Beijing,D. when did they leave Beijing,C,II.改错：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.F

20、ather told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun always rises in the east.,3.He doesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when she can come back.,.完成句子。,1. I hear (that) he _ in an hour.,（ 我听说他一小时后回来。）,Will be back,2. He said (that) he _ very much.,（他说他非常想念我们。）

21、,missed us,3. Ask him _.,（问问他是否能来。）,If /whether he can come,4. Can you tell me _.,（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）,where he is,宾 语 从 句 小 结,一.结构 1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构:主句+that + 主语 +谓语部分 2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+ if(whether) +主语 +谓语部分 3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分 二主从时态关系 主句 从句 一般现在时 一般过去时 3.(特殊):任何时态 (客观、自然现象) 三.语序：陈述语序,时态不变,时态相应变化,一般现在时,