英语句子成分 及 五种基本句型(4页).doc

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1、-英语句子成分 及 五种基本句型意义充当词类例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子We study in HuangQiao Middle School.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组She is dancing under the tree.宾语表示动作行为的对象同主语Both of us like English.表语与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征 （如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）同主语Her father is a chemist.His words sound

2、 reasonable.定语用来修饰名词或代词形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子Guilin is a beautiful city.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子He works very hard.They held a party in Hollywood.宾语补足语逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系形容词，名词，介词短语等She always keeps the house clean.They painted the wall white.主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！句子成分及五种基本句型1

3、. 句子成分练习：指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：v 1. The students got on the school bus.v 2. He handed me the newspaper.v 3. I shall answer your question after class.v 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!v 5. They went hunting together early in the morning.v 6. His job is to train swimmers.v 7. He took many photos of t

4、he palaces in Beijing.v 8. There is going to be an American film tonight.v 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.2. 五种基本句型基本句型 一：主 不及物动词1. The sun was shining. 2. We all breathe, eat, and drink. 3. Who cares? 基本句型 二：主谓（系动词）表系动词分有be, look, keep, seem, get, grow, become, turn等1. This is an English-C

5、hinese dictionary.2. The dinner smells good. 3. Everything looks different. 4. His face turned red. 基本句型 三：主谓（及物动词）宾1. Who knows the answer? 4. He enjoys reading. 3. Heate an apple. 4. He said Good morning. 基本句型 四: 主谓间宾(多指人)直宾（多指物）直接宾语是动作的直接承受者；间接宾语是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这

6、一介词被省略。He gives me the book. He gives the book to me.1. She ordered herself a new dress. 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 3. He brought you a dictionary. 4. I showed him my pictures. 基本句型 五：主谓宾宾补此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。1. We found the hall full of

7、 people. 2. They painted the door green. 练习：翻译下列句子1. 在会上什么也不要说。2. 为了活着，我们必须吃东西。3. 门关不上了。4. 你可以坐9:30的火车。5. 这会给我们省很多钱。6. 这是违法的。7. 你认为这有必要吗？8. 请允许我介绍自己。9. 老师逮住他在抽烟。10. 什么使你这么生气。1. Dont say anything at the meeting. 2. We must eat to live. 3. The door wont shut. 4. You can take the 9:30 train. 5. This will save us a lot of money. 6. It was against the law. 7. Do you think it necessary?8. Allow me to introduce myself. 9. The teacher caught him smoking. 10. What made you so angry?-第 4 页句子成分