There be句型结构(4页).doc

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1、-There be句型结构-第 4 页There be句型结构、用法详解、练习题。 1. there be结构的主谓一致 在英语里表示什么地方或时间存在什么事情就用此结构，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语。其中there是引导词，本身没有词意，be是谓语动 词，be后面的名词是主语。be的数与后面的名词一致，若be后是两个或多个并列的名词，be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。如： There was a meeting yesterday. 昨天有个会议。 There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书

2、和好些铅笔。 比较：There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk. 2. there be与have的比较 (1) 用法不同：there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。 (2) 结构不同：there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语)；sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. else There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。 She has three car

3、s. 她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的) 注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如： A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。 3. there be的否定和疑问 (1) 否定式：be后面加not(any)或no。如： There are not any boats on the river. 河上没有船。 (2) 疑问句：是把be移到there的前面来。如： Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船吗？ Yes, there are.(No, there are

4、 not.) 有。（没有。） 注：若有别的助动词时就不一样了，请看： There wont be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天没有足球赛，对吗？ There usednt to be a tall tree here, used/didnt ther? 以前这里有棵高树，是不是？ There seems to be something wrong with you, doesnt there? 你好像有些不舒服，对吗？ There happened to be a well there, didnt there? 那里碰巧有口井，是不是？4

5、. there be结构的时态 there be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。如： There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. 昨天运动场举行了一场运动会。 There will be (=There is going to be) a new film show on Monday. 星期一将有一场新电影放。 There is to be a concert at the school hall. 学校礼堂有场音乐会。 There have been a lot of accidents round h

6、ere. 这里已经发生多起事故了。 He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我们之间发生了一场争论。 There will have been a definite result by Friday. 到星期五前就已经有明确的结果了。 There must be a mistake somewhere. 一定在什么地方有错误。 There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地是湿的。 5. there be结构的变体

7、 该结构中，有时be还可以被live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等动词代替。如： Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。 There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩二十八英镑了。 There seems little doubt that he is insane. 似乎没有多少疑问他的神经不正常。 6. there be的非限定形式 there b

8、e的非限定形式是there to be和there being，主要用来做介词或动词的宾语、主语或状语。如： Have you ever thought of there being so many interesting films for you to choose from?没想到过有这么多有趣的电影供你选择吧？ John was relying on there being another opportunity. 约翰相信另有机会。 There being a bus stop so near my house is a great advantage. 有公交车停在离我房子这么近的

9、地方是很大的优势。 There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于没有下雨，地上很干燥。 Its unusual for there to be so few people in the street. (=Its unusual that there are so few people in the street) 这条街上这么少的人是不寻常的。 It was too late for there to be any subways. 太晚了，不会有地铁了。 Would you like there to be a meeting to d

10、iscuss the problem? 你们要开个会讨论一下这个问题吗? I dont want there to be a simple mistake in the article that I have written. 我不想我写的这篇文章中有错误。 I except there to be no argument about this. 我期限望对此事没有争论的。 注：there to be常做like, expect, mean, want, intend, prefer, hate等的复合宾语。 7. there be的固定句型 There be +名词或代词+to do (+介

11、词) 有某事要做 There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难 There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that 对某事(没)有疑问 There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth/that (某人)做某事没有必要 There is no chance/possibility to do

12、sth/of doing sth./that 没有做某事的机会/可能性 There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。 There is a time when.有做某事的一段时间练习：1 _ a reading lamp on the table.A There is B There has C It is D It has2 What a rainy summer weve had!Yes, there_ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer.A have been B are C had been D has been

13、3 I didnt want _ to be a war between these two countries.A it B them C there D their6 There is a little hope of _ a settlement of the argument.A to be B there to be C there being D being7 I dont expect there _ any misunderstanding.A is B to be C being D will be8 There are five pairs_ , but Im at a l

14、oss which to buy.A to choose B to choose from C to be chosen D for my choosing9 There is no use_ a lot without _ anything.A to talk, do B talked, doing C talking, being done D talking, doing10 If the storm had happened in the day-time, there _ many more deaths.A were B would have been C had been D w

15、ould be11 Look! _.A There comes the bus B There the bus comes C The bus comes here D There does the bus come12 _ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave.A There enter B There entered C Entered there D There entered into13 There are a lot of people _ for the bus to come.A waiting

16、 B to wait C waited D is waiting14 The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because _ a big dog at the gate.A lies there B lays there C there lies D there lays15 About twenty-three centuries ago, _.A there lived in Greece a great thinker who called AristotleB a great thinker lived in Greece cal

17、ling AristotleC lived there in Greece a great thinker called AristotleD there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle16 _ plenty of water in this river.A There used to being B There used to be C There is used to being D There was used to be17 What a pity, my new computer doesnt work. _ must

18、be something wrong with it.A It B There C This D That18_ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.A It has B There has C It is D There is19 Lets get through the work quickly. _ seems to be little time left now.A It B That C There D we20 _appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind.A There B It C Where D What答案：1A 2A 3C 6C 7B 8B 9D 10B 11A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16B 17B 18D 19C 20A