八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳(6页).doc

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1、-八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳Unit 1 重点词汇：问题；事情n. matter 问题，苦恼n. trouble 胃痛，腹痛adj. stomachache 千克，公斤n. kilo 牙痛n. toothache 牙齿tooth(复数teeth) 情况，状况n. situation头痛n. headache 乘客n. passenger脚，足n. foot 复数-feet 重要性n. importance决定，抉择n. decision 她自己 herself 死，死亡n. death v. die adj. dead 基本词组have a stomachache 胃痛 have a col

2、d感冒 have a fever 发烧lie down and rest躺下来休息一下 take ones temperature 量体温 go to a doctor/see a doctor看医生 to ones surprise 使某人惊讶/吃惊的是get off下车 fall down 摔倒 get into trouble 陷入麻烦/陷入困境be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事be used to do sth 被用来做某事 take risks/ a risk 冒险run out of用完/用尽 cut off 切除

3、 get out of 离开，从 出来be in control of 掌管，管理 give up 放弃 keep on doing sth继续或坚持做某事agree to do sth 同意做某事 need to do sth 需要做某事 thanks to 多亏了in time 及时 think twice 三思而后行 make a decision 做决定 by oneself 靠自己lose ones life 失去生命 away from 远离 take breaks 休息 get an X-ray 照X光基本句型What is the matter with you? 怎么了(以及

4、其他几个意思相同的句子有哪些)Whats wrong with you? What happened to you? Whats the trouble/problem with you?I have a stomachache.我胃痛 I have a sore throat. He hurt himself.他伤到自己了。What should I do? You should lie down and rest.The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the rode.Unit 2重点词汇：volunteer v.义务做，自愿做；n.

5、自愿者 volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的 alone adv.独自地，单独地（强调一个人，没有人陪伴）several adj. 几个，数个，一些 satisfaction n. 满足/意sign n.标志，信号 journey n.(长途)旅行 raise v.筹集，征集repair n. 修理/补=fix up blind adj.瞎的 deaf adj.聋的 imagine v. 想象，设想difficulty n. 困难，难题 train v. 训练，培训 n. training kindness n. 仁慈，善良understand

6、 v.理解，领会 change v./n.改变，变化基本词组clean up 打扫 cheer up 使高兴/振作 give/hand out分发，散发 give away 捐赠，赠送set up 设立，建起 put up 张贴 put off 推迟，延期 call up 打电话 take after长得像care for 关心，在意come up with 提出，想出 try out 参加选拔，试用at once立刻，马上the look of joy 高兴的表情at the age of 在岁的时候decide to do sth决定做某事at the same time 同时 come

7、true实现 thank sb for doing sth 因为某事而感谢某人make a difference 有影响，起作用注意：动词+副词 短语如果有人称代词应放在v和adv的中间，如cheer him up 如果后面跟v，应该跟v.的ing形式基本句型I hope to work outside. 我希望能出去工作 You could 你可以Unit 3重点词汇：stress n. 精神压力，心理负担 independent adj独立的 n.independence 独立fair adj 公正/平的 unfair（反义词）n. fairness公正性，公平合理性develop v.发

8、展，壮大n.development developed adj.发达的developing adj.发展中的基本词组倒垃圾take out the rubbish 洗餐具do the dishes 扫地 sweep the floor 整理床铺 make the bed/make ones bed 打扫客厅clean the living room叠衣服fold the clothes/fold ones clothes 搭便车 get a rideall the time一直，总是 take for a walk 带去散步 i n a mess 杂乱finish doing sth结束做某事

9、 in front of 在的前面in surprise吃惊地，惊奇地to ones surprise另某人吃惊的是be surprised at对感到吃惊neither +助动词/be/情态动词+主语 “也不”neither nor 既不也不as soon as 一就. hang out 闲逛 in order to 为了 a waste of 浪费borrow from向借 lend to 借给 help sb with sth在某事上帮助某人invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 spend time on sth 在某方面花费时间provide sth for sb./p

10、rovide sb with sth. 把某物提供给某人offer sb sth./ offer sth to sb. 把某物提供给某人（主动）mind doing sth介意做某事there is no need for sb to do sth .对于某人来说做某事没有必要the + 比较级，the + 比较级“越越” 比较级+and+比较级“越来越”(注意比较级要看这个词是单音节词，双音节词还是多音节词，如bigger and bigger, more and more beautiful)基本句型Could you please sweep the floor? “请你行/好吗？”Co

11、uld I use your computer? -Yes, you can. /No, you cant.（注意回答不能用could/couldnt）Unit 4重点词汇：allow v.允/准许 elder adj.年纪较长的 instead adv.代替，反而 nervous adj.焦虑的，担忧的explain v.解释，说明 communicate v.沟通，交流 munication pressure n. 压力typical adj.典型的continue v.持续，继续存在 cause v.造成，引起 基本词组get on with/get along with 与相处 wor

12、k out解决，成功地发展 cut out 删除/去compare with与作比较/对比 compete with与竞争 communicate with sb与某人交谈 have a fight with sb/get into a fight with sb 和某人打架 be angry with sb 生某人的气 argue with sb.与某人争吵 look through快速地浏览，翻看 allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事 big deal 重要的事，大事give back to=return归还offer to do sth主动提出做某事refuse to d

13、o sth 拒绝做某事 so that 因此，所以push sb hard 逼某人逼得紧基本句型Why dont you talk to your parents? Why dont do sth./why not do sth.What should I do? You should /could 连词：until , although, so that , so 的区别和用法（见书P112-113 ）Unit 5重点词汇：奇怪的adj. strange 报道，公布v. report 睡着的adj. asleep 章节，段落n. passage彻底地，完全地adv. Completely 不

14、久前，最近adv. Recently 理解，领会，认识到v. realize基本词组go off(闹钟)发出声响 fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着 die down 逐渐变弱/消失 at first首先，起初 pick up (the phone)=answer the phone接电话 in silence 沉默，无声take a shower 洗澡 tell the truth 说实话基本句型What were you doing (when) the rainstorm came?I was taking a shower.(While) Linda was sleeping, J

15、enny was helping Mary with her homework.由when和while引导的时间状语从句的主要区别是看从句后面用什么时态：when+一般过去时while+过去进行时Unit 6重点词汇：remind v. 提醒，使想起 silly adj. 愚蠢的，不明事理的 stupid adj. 愚蠢的 voice n. 声音magic adj. 神奇的，有魔力的 Western adj. 西方的fit v. 适合，合身 object n. 物体/品brave adj. 勇敢的 wife n. 妻子 husband n. 丈夫 shoot (shot)v.射击，发射 基本词

16、组once upon a time 从前 instead of 代替，反而 give birth to 生孩子 be born 出生turn into把变成. get married to sb. / marry sb. 与某人结婚 a little bit 稍微，有点儿fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/物 wake up醒来cant stop/help doing sth.忍/禁不住做某事be made of 由制成（可看出原材料）be made from 由制成（看不出原材料）for the first time第一次 more than =over 超过，多于c

17、ome out 出版/现，问世the whole +n. 整个hear sb doing sth.听见某人正在做某事 lead sb to +地点“带路”be/get lost 迷路 adj.+enough (注意adj 和enough 的位置) 如 brave enough不定代词+ adj （注意不定代词和adj的位置）如 something bad remind sb of sth 使某人回想起某事 remind sb to do sth.提醒某人做某事基本句型How does the story begin? What happened next?注意连词unless, sothat与

18、as soon as 的区别（见书P44）Unit 7重点词汇：squre n. 平方，正方形 meter n. 米，公尺 population n. 人口/数量 Asia n. 亚洲tour n.旅行/游 tourist n. 旅行者，观光者 protect v. 保护 challenge n. 挑战include v. 包括 thick adj.厚/浓的 weigh v.有重，重 awake adj.醒着的 wild adj.野生的bamboo n.竹子 succeed v. 成功 n. success adj. successful illness n.疾病基本词组In the face

19、 of 面对 take in 吸入，吞入 at birth 出生时 as far as I know 据我所知Or so 大约 cut down 砍到 even though/if 虽然，尽管 up to 到达（某数量/程度）；至多有，不多于 feel free to do sth可以随便做某事 the firstto do第一个做的achieve ones dream=make ones dream come true实现某人的梦想 risk ones life to do sth 冒着某人的生命危险做某事 the force of 的力量fall over 跌/绊/摔倒 a symbol

20、of 的标志 die from 死于（外因）die of死于(内因)take(good)care of =look after 照顾 the importance of的重要性基本句型How high is Qomolangma? Its 8844.43meters high.(数量+单位词+adj.)Its higher than any other mountain.(比较级+than+any other+可数n.单数) China is one of the oldest countries in the world.（one of +the+最高级+可数n.复数）the + 比较级，t

21、he + 比较级“越越” 比较级+and+比较级“越来越”(注意比较级要看这个词是单音节词，双音节词还是多音节词，如bigger and bigger, more and more beautiful)注意：比较级和最高级的形式变化是怎样的，规则的怎样变？不规则的怎样变？Unit 8重点词汇：French n.法语 France n.法国 treasure n.珠宝，财富 island n. 岛 classic n.名著，经典作品forever adv.永远 modern adj.现代的，当代的 million n.一百万 record n.唱片，记录基本词组hurry up 赶快，急忙 fu

22、ll of 充满 put down 放下 in two weeks 两周后 belong to 属于ever since then 从那时起 such as 例如in the middle of 在的中间 lose ones life失去生命be due到期 one another=each other 互相 bring back 带回 do research on sth 在方面做研究 cant wait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事 must表猜测“一定是，准是 fight over为而斗争the number of +可数n.复数+谓语单数“的数量” introduce A to

23、 B 把A介绍给Bat he end of 在的尽头，最终 基本句型What do you think of?=How do you like? =What is like?.怎么样？One of them died but the other ran towards my house.(一个另一个两个中的)语法：注意现在完成时的用法，以及现在完成时的标志性词（见书110）Unit 9重点词汇：unbelievable adj.难以置信的rapid adj.迅/快速的 unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的peaceful adj.和平的，安宁的.n. peace和平 performance

24、 n.表演，演出 perfect adj.完美/全的 German adj.德国/语的，德国人的n.德语，德国人 Germany n.德国 province n.省份safe n.安全 simply adv.仅仅，只 whether conj.不管（还是）；或者或者 spring n.春天whenever 在任何的时候 collect v.收集 Indian adj.印度的/人 Japanese adj./n. ever 曾经基本词组On the one handon the other hand.一方面另一方面 thousands of 数以千计的 learn about 了解到 make

25、progress 取得进步 practice doing sth.练习做某事 have been to 曾经去过某地 have gone to 已经去了某地 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 go skating去滑冰 in the future 在将来 have a great tine 玩得开心点take the/a/an +交通工具=by +交通工具“乘坐某种交通工具”如take the subway, by bikedifferent kinds of 不同种类的 take a holiday 去度假 all year round 全年far from 离

26、远be close to 靠近 during the daytime 在白天 the best tine to do sth.做某事的最佳时间have problem/trouble/difficulty doing sth做某事有困难 right now 立刻，马上 heard of听说 lead to 导致，产生 choose to do sth. 选择做某事基本句型-I havent been to Beijing. Me neither. /Neither have I. (neither+助动词/be/情态v+主语)-I have been to Beijing. So have I

27、.（so+助动词/be/情态v+主语）-Have you ever been to Beijing? -Yes,I have been to Beijing many times. How many times have you been to Beijing?-No, I havent. I have never been to Beijing.More than three quarters of the population are Chinese.(四分之三)注意分数的表达法：先分子后分母，分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加S，如：五分之一：one fifth. 五分之三： t

28、hree fifths. 特别的分数表达法：二分之一：a/one half四分之一：a/one quarter Unit 10重点词汇：sweet adj.甜的 memory n. 回忆，记忆 toy n.玩具 scarf n. 围巾 soft adj.柔软的 railway n. 铁路/道 honest adj.诚老/实的 truthful adj.诚实的，真实的hometown n. 家/故乡shame adj.羞/惭愧的century n.世纪 opposite adj.对面的，另一边的 consider v.仔细考虑regard v. 将认为，把视为especially adv.尤其，

29、特别 among prep.之一（=3）在中基本词组yard sale 庭院拍卖会 no longer=notanymore不再 check out检/观查，查看to be honest 说实在的，老实说 regardas把当做by the way 顺便问一下 in need需要，急需 a couple of几个，一些 as for至于clear out 清理next to紧挨着for a while 暂时，一会儿 part with失去，放弃，交出 board game棋类游戏 according to 依照/据 in ones opinion 在某人看来，依某人看 millions of

30、数百万计的世纪的表达法（the +序数词+century），如21世纪：the 21st century基本句型-How long have you had that bike? I-ve had it for three years.(for +时间段)-How long has his son owned the train and railway set?-He has owned it since his fourth birthday.（since+时间点）-Have you ever played football?-Yes, I did when I was little, bu

31、t I havent played for a while now.注意：现在完成时中，非延续性v.不能直接与for和since连用，要变成表状态的形式，如：buy-have had, borrow-have kept, die-have been dead , leave-have been away, come back-have been back, begin-have been on, join-have been a member of,open-have been opened, close-have been closed, go out-have been outSome people still live in their hometown, others may only see it once a year.-第 6 页-