不锈钢(GBT1220-1992).doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流不锈钢(GBT1220-1992)【精品文档】第 19 页不锈钢（GB/T1220-1992）（1）牌号和化学成分见表1。表1不锈钢的牌号和化学成分牌号化学成分（质量分数）（%）CSiMn-NiCrM0其他奥氏体型1Cr17Mn6-Ni5N0.1515.507.5O.0600.033.505.5016.0018-N0.251Cr18Mn8-Ni5NO.1517.5010.000.060.0304.00617.0019-N0.251Cr18Mn10-Ni5Mo3N0.118.5120.060.0304.00617.00192.83.5N0.20O.301C

2、r17Ni70.15120.035O.0306.00816.0018-1Cr18Ni9O.1512.00O.035O.0308.001017.0019-Y1Cr18Ni90.1512.000.2O.158.001O.0017.0019-Y1Cr18Ni9SeO.15120.2O.0608.001O.0017.0019-SeO.15OCr18Ni90.07120.0350.038.001117.0019-00Cr19Ni1OO.03120.035O.0308.001218.0020-OCr19Ni9N0.08120.035O.0307.001O.5018.0020-N0.100.25OCr19N

3、i10-NbNO.0812O.015O.0307.501O.5018.0020NbO.15N0.15O.3000Cr18Ni10NO.030120.035O.0308.511.517.0019-No.120.221Cr18Ni12O.12120.035O.03010.501317.0019-OCr23NNi130.0812O.0350.0312.001522.0024-OCr25Ni20O.0812O.0350.0319.002224.0026-OCr17Ni-12M020.0812O.035O.03010.001416.0018.52.003-1Cr18Ni12-M02T0.1212O.03

4、5O.03011.001416.00191.802.5Ti5(C%0.02)O.80OCr18Ni12-M02TiO.0812O.0350.0311.001416.00191.802.50Ti5xC%O.7000Cr17Ni-14M020.03120.0350.0312.0015.0016.00182.003-OCr17Ni12-M02NO.0812O.0350.031O.001416.00182.003NO.10O.2200Cr17Ni13-Mo2NO.030120.035O.03010.5014.516.0018.52.003N0.12O.22OCr18Ni12-M02Cu2O.0812O

5、.035O.03010.0014.517.00191.202.75Cu1.002.5000Cr18Ni14-M02Cu2O.030120.035O.03012.001617.00191.202.75Cu1.002.500Cr19Ni13M03O.0812O.035O.03011.001518.00203.004-00Cr19-Ni13M030.0312O.0350.0311.001518.00203.004-1Cr18Ni12-M03Ti0.1212O.035O.03011.001416.00192.503.5Ti5(C%-O.02)O.080Cr18Ni-12M03Ti0.0812O.035

6、0.0311.001416.00192.503.5Ti5C%O.70OCr18Ni-16M05O.040120.0350.0315.001716.00194.006-1Cr18Ni9Ti0.1212O.035O.0308.001117.0019-Ti5(C%-O.02)O.80OCr18-Ni1OTi0.08120.035O.0309.001217.0019.00-Ti5C%OCr18Ni11NbO.08120.0350.039.001.317.0019-Nb10C%OCr18Ni9Cu3O.0812O.035O.0308.5010.517.0019-Cu3.004.000Cr18Ni13Si

7、4O.083.0052O.0350.0311.501515.0020-奥氏体-铁素体型0Cr26Ni5Mo20.0811.50.035O.0303.00623.00281.0031Cr18Ni11-Si4A1TiO.100.183.440.08O.0350.0310.001217.5019.5-A10.100.30TiO.400.7000Cr18Ni5-M03Si2O.0301.3021.002O.0350.034.505.518.oo19.52.503-铁素体型OCr13A1O.081.oo1O.0350.0311.5014.5-A10.10O.3000Cr12O.03011O.035O.0

8、3011.0013-1Cr17O.12O.751O.035O.03016.0018-Y1Cr17O.120.11.250.060.1516.0018-1Cr17M0O.12O.1010.035O.03016.00180.751.25-00Cr30M02O.010O.40O.40O.030O.020-28.50321.502.5N0.01500Cr27M0O.01OO.400.4O.0300.02-25.0027.50.751.5N0.015马氏体型1Cr12O.150.510.035O.03011.5013-1Cr13O.15110.035O.03013.511.50-0Cr13O.0811O

9、.035O.03013.511.50-Y1Cr13O.1511.25O.060O.1512.0014.00-1Cr13M0O.080.180.61O.0350.0311.50140.300.6-2Cr130.16O.2511O.035O.03012.0014-3Cr13O.260.3511O.035O.03012.0014-Y3Cr13O.260.4011.25O.0600.1512.0014-3Cr13M0O.280.350.810.035O.03012.0014O.501-4Cr130.360.45O.600.8O.0350.0312.0014-1Cr17N20.110.17O.80O.8

10、00.035O.0301.502.516.0018-7Cr17O.600.75110.035O.03016.0018-8Cr170.750.9511O.035O.03016.0018-9Cr180.91O.800.8O.0350.0317.0019-11Cr17O.951.211O.0350.0316.0018-Y11Cr17O.951.211.250.06O.1516.0018-9Cr18MoO.951.10.8O.80O.0350.0316.00180.400.7-9Cr18MoVO.850.95O.800.8O.035O.03017.00191.001.3V0.07O.012沉淀硬化型O

11、Cr17N.4-Cu4NbO.07110.035O.0303.00515.5017.5Cu3.005.00Nb0.15O.45Ocr17Ni7A10.09I.001O.0350.036.507.7516.0018CuO.50A10.751.500Cr15Ni7-M02A10.0911O.035O.0306.507.514.00162.003A10.751.50可加入不大于0.60%钼。必要时，可添加上表以外的合金元素。允许含有不大于0.60%镍。可以加入不大于0.75%钼。00Cr30M02和00Cr27M0允许有不大于0.50%镍，不大于0.20%铜，但镍+铜不大于0.50%，必要时，可添加

12、表列以外的合金元素。除专用外，一般不推荐使用。（2）力学性能见表2表5。表2经固溶处理的奥氏体和奥氏体、铁素体钢的力学性能牌号固溶处理/拉伸试验硬度试验0.2b5（%）（%）布氏硬度HBS洛氏硬度HRB维氏硬度HV-MPa奥氏体型1Cr17Mn6Ni5N10101120快冷27552040452411002531Cr18Mn8Ni5N10101120快冷2755204045207952181Cr18Mn10Ni5M03N11001150快冷3456804565-1Cr17Ni710101150快冷2055204060187902001Cr18Ni910101150快冷2055204060187

13、90200Y1Cr18Ni91O101150快冷205520405018790200Y1Cr18Ni9Se10101150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni910101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr19Ni1010101150快冷1774804060187902000Cr19Ni9N10101150快冷2755503550217952200Cr19Ni10NbN10101150快冷345685355025010026000Cr18Ni10N10101150快冷2455504050217952201Cr18Ni121O101150快冷177480406

14、01s7902000Cr23Ni131O101150快冷2055204060187902000Cr25Ni2010101180快冷2055204050187902000Cr17Ni12Mo210101150快冷2055204060187902001Cr18Ni12M02Ti101O1100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni2M02Ti10101100快冷20553040551879020000Cr17Ni14M02101O1150快冷177480406018790200OCr17Ni12M02N101O1150快冷27555035502179522000Cr17Ni13M0

15、2N1O1O1150快冷245550405021795220OCr18Ni12M02Cu21O101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr18Ni14M02Cu2101O1150快冷1774004060187902000Cr19Ni13M0310101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr19Ni13Mo310101150快冷1774804060187902001Cr18Ni12M03Ti10001100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni12M03Ti10001100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni16M05j03011

16、80快冷1774804045187902001Cr18Ni9Ti9201150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni1OTi9201150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni11Nb9801150快冷2065204050187902000Cr18Ni9Cu31O101150快冷177480406018790200OCr18Ni12Si41O101150快冷205520406020795218奥氏体铁素体型0Cr26Ni5M029501100快冷3905901840277292921Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti9301050快冷4407152540-00Cr1

17、8Ni5M03Si29201150快冷3905902040-30300注：1对于OCr18Ni10Ti、OCr18Ni11Nb、1Cr18Ni9Ti、0Cr18Ni12M02T1、OCr18Ni-12M03Ti和1Cr18Ni12M03Ti根据需方要求可进行稳定化处理，此时的热处理温度为850930，但必须在合同中注明。21Cr18Ni9Ti与Ocr18Ni10Ti、1Cr18Nili12M02Ti与0Cr18Ni12M02Ti、1Cr18Ni-12M03Ti与OCr18Ni12M03Ti牌号，力学性能指标一致，需方可根据耐腐蚀性能的差别来选用。31Cr18Ni11Si4AITi的冲击试验札值

18、不小于63J。表3经退火的铁素体钢的力学性能牌号退火处理/拉伸试验冲击试验硬度试验0.2b5（%）（%）AK/J布氏硬度HBSMPa0Cr13A1780830空冷或缓冷17741020607818300Cr12700820空冷或缓冷1962652260-1831Cr17780850空冷或缓冷2054502250-183Y1Cr17680820空冷或缓冷2054502250-1831Cr17Mo780850空冷或缓冷2054502260-18300Cr30Mo29001050快冷2954502045-22800Cr27Mo9001050快冷2454102045-219表4经退火或淬火回火的马氏体

19、钢的力学性能牌号热处理/退火后的布氏硬度HBS经淬回火的力学性能拉伸试验冲击试验AK/J布氏硬度HBS退火淬火回火0.2b5（%）（%）MPa1Cr12800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷20039055025551181701Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷200345540255578159OCr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750冷1833454902460-YICr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷2003455402555781591Cr13Mo83090

20、0缓冷或约750快冷9701020油冷650750快冷2004906852060781922Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷2234406352050631923Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷235540735124024217Y3Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷2355407351240242173Cr13Mo800900缓冷或约750快冷10251075油冷200300油、水、空冷207-HRC504Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷10501100油冷200300空冷2

21、01-HRC501Cr17Ni2680700高温回火空冷9501050空冷275350空冷285-108010-39-7Cr17880920缓冷10101070油冷100180空冷255-HRC548Cr17880920缓冷10101070油冷100180快冷255-HRC569Cr18800920缓冷10001050油冷200300油、空冷255-HRC5511Cr17800920缓冷10101070油冷100180快冷269-HRC58Y11Cr17800920缓冷10101070油冷100180快冷269-HRC589Cr18Mo800900缓冷10001050油冷200300空冷269

22、-HRC559Cr18MoV800920缓冷10501075油冷100200空冷269-HRC55表5经热处理的沉淀硬化型钢的力学性能牌号热处理/拉伸试验硬度试验种类条件0.2b5（%）（%）布氏硬度HBS洛氏硬度HRCMPa0Cr17Ni4-Cu4Nb固溶10201060快冷-36338480时效经固溶处理后/470490空冷1801310104037540550时效经固溶处理后/540560空冷0001060124533135580时效经固溶处理后/570590空冷8651000134530231620时效经固溶处理后/610630空冷7259301650277280Cr17Ni7A1固溶

23、10001100快冷380103020-229-565时效9601140525363-565时效1030123041O388-OCr15Ni7M02A1固溶10001100快冷-269-565时效11001210725375-510时效12101320620388-经固溶处理后，于（76015）保持90min，在1h内冷却到1以上，保持30min再加热到（56510），保持90min空冷。经固溶处理后，（955l0）保持10min，空冷到室温，在24h内冷却到（-7360），保持8h，再加热到（51010）保持60min后空冷。（3）用途见表6。表6不锈钢的特性和应用类型序号牌号特性和应用奥氏

24、体型11Cr17Mn6Ni5N节镍钢种/代替牌号1Cr17Ni7/冷加工后具有磁性。铁道车辆用21Cr18Mn3NiSN节镍钢种/代替牌号1Cr18Ni931Cr18Mn10Ni5M03N对尿素有良好的耐蚀性/可制造尿素腐蚀的设备41Cr17Ni7经冷加工有高的强度/铁道车辆/传送带螺栓螺母用51Cr18Ni9经冷加工有高的强度/但伸长率比1Cr17Ni7稍差。建筑用装饰部件6Y1Cr18Ni9提高切削性/耐烧蚀性/最适用于自动车床。螺栓螺母7Y1Cr18Ni9Se提高切削性/耐烧蚀性。最适用于自动车床。铆钉、螺钉80Cr18Ni9作为不锈耐热钢使用最广泛/如食品用设备/一般化工设备/原子能工

25、业用设备900Cr19Ni10比0Cr19Ni9碳含量更低的钢/耐晶问腐蚀性优越/为焊接后不进行热处理部件类1O0Cr19Ni9N在牌号0Cr19Ni9上加N/强度提高/塑性不降低。使材料的厚度减少。作为结构用高强度部件110Cr19Ni10NbN在牌号0Cr19Ni9上加N和Nb具有与0Cr19Ni9相同的特性和用途1200Cr18Ni10N在牌号00Cr19Ni10上添加N/具有以上牌号同样特性/用途与0Cr19Ni9N相同/但耐晶间腐蚀性更好131Cr18Ni12与0Cr19Ni9相比/加工硬化性低。旋压加工/特殊拉拔/冷镦用140Cr23Ni13耐腐蚀性/耐热性均比0Cr19Ni9好1

26、50Cr25Ni20抗氧化性比0Cr23Ni13好/实际上多作为耐热钢使用160Cr17Ni12M02在海水和其他各种介质中/耐腐蚀性比0Cr19Ni9好/主要作耐点蚀材料奥氏体型171Cr18Ni12M02Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性180Cr18Ni12M02Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性1900Cr17Ni14M02为0Cr17Ni12M02的超低碳钢/比0Cr17Ni12M02耐晶问腐蚀性好200Cr17Ni12M02N在牌号0Cr17Ni12Mo2中加入N/提高强度/不降低塑性/使材料的厚度减薄。作耐腐蚀性较好的强度较高的

27、部件2100Cr17Ni13M02N在牌号00Cr17Ni14M02中加入N/具有以上牌号同样特性/用途与0Cr17Ni12M02N相司/但耐晶间腐蚀性更好。220Cr18Ni12M02Cu2耐腐蚀性、耐点腐蚀性比0Cr17Ni12M02好/用于耐硫酸材料2300Cr18Ni14M02Cu2为0Cr18Ni12M02Cu2的超低碳钢/比0Cr18Ni12M02Cu2的耐晶间腐蚀性好240Cr19Ni13M03耐点腐蚀性比0Cr17Ni12M02好/作染色设备材料等奥氏体型2500Cr19Ni13M03为0Cr19Ni13M03的超低碳钢/比0Cr19Ni13M03耐晶间腐蚀性好261Cr18N

28、i12M03Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性270Cr18Ni12M03Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性280Cr18Ni16M05吸取含氯离子溶液的热交换器/醋酸设备/磷酸设备/漂白装置等/在00Cr17Ni14M02和O0Cr19Ni13M03不能适用的环境中使用291Cr18Ni9Ti作焊芯、抗磁仪表、医疗器械、耐酸容器及设备衬里输送管道等设备和零件300Cr18Ni10Ti添加Ti提高耐晶问腐蚀性/不推荐作装饰部件310Cr18Ni11Nb含Nb提高耐晶间腐蚀性320Cr18Ni9Cu3在牌号0Cr19Ni9中加入Cu/提高冷加工

29、性的钢种。冷镦用330Cr18Ni13Si4在牌号0Cr19Ni9中增加Ni。添加Si/增加耐应力腐蚀断裂性。用于含氯离子环境奥氏体铁素体型340Cr26Ni5M02具有双相组织/抗氧化性/耐点腐蚀性好。具有高的强度/作耐海水腐蚀用等351Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti制作抗高温浓硝酸介质的零件和设备3600Cr18Ni5M03Si2具有铁素体.奥氏体型双相组织/耐应力腐蚀破裂性好/耐点蚀性能与00Cr17Ni13M02相当/具有较高的强度适于含氯离子的环境/用于炼油、化肥、造纸、石油、化工等工业热交换器和冷凝器等铁素体型370Cr13A1从高温下冷却不产生显著硬化/汽轮机材料/淬火用部件/复

30、合钢材3800Cr12比OCr13含碳量低/焊接部位弯曲性能/加工性能/耐高温氧化性能好。作汽车排气处理装詈.锅炉燃烧室、喷嘴391Cr17耐蚀性良好的通用钢种/建筑内装饰用/重油燃烧器部件/家庭用具/家用电器部件40Y1Cr17比1Cr17提高切削性能。自动车床用/螺栓、螺母等411Cr17Mo为1Cr17的改良钢种/比1Cr17抗盐溶液性强/作为汽车外装材料使用4200Cr30M02高Cr-Mo系/C、N降至极低/耐蚀性很好/作与乙酸、乳酸等有机酸有关的设备/制造苛忡碱设备。耐卤离子应力腐蚀破裂/耐点腐蚀4300Cr27Mo要求性能、用途、耐蚀性和软磁性与00Cr30M02类似马氏体型44

31、1Cr12作为汽轮机叶片及高应力部件之良好的不锈耐热钢451Cr13具有良好的耐蚀性/机械加工性/一般用途/刃具类460Cr13作较高韧性及受冲击负荷的零件/如汽轮机叶片、结构类、不锈设备、衬里、螺栓、螺母等47Y1Cr13不锈钢中切削性能最好的钢种/自动车床用马氏体型481Cr13Mo为比1Cr13耐蚀性高的高强度钢钢种/汽轮机叶片/高温部件492Cr13淬火状态下硬度高/耐蚀性良好/作汽轮机叶片503Cr13比2Cr13淬火后硬度高/作刃具、喷嘴、阀座、阀门等51Y3Cr13改善3Cr13切削性能的钢种523Cr13Mo作较高硬度及高耐磨性的热油泵轴、阀片、阀门轴承、医疗器械、弹簧等零件5

32、34Cr13作较高硬度及高耐磨性的热油泵轴、阀片、阀门轴承、医疗器械、弹簧等零件541Cr17Ni2具有较高强度的耐硝酸及有机酸腐蚀的零件、容器和设备557Cr17硬化状态下/坚硬/但比8Cr17、11Cr17韧性高。作刃具、量具、轴承568Cr17硬化状态下/比7Cr17硬/而比11Cr17韧性高。作刃具、阀门579Cr18不锈切片机械刃具及剪切刀具、手术刀片、高耐磨设备零件等5811Cr17在所有不锈钢、耐热钢中/硬度最高。作喷嘴、轴承59Y11Cr17比11Cr17提高了切削性的钢种。自动车床用609Cr18Mo轴承套圈及滚动体用的高碳铬不锈钢619Cr18MoV不锈切片机械刃具及剪切工具、手术刀片、高耐磨设备零件等沉淀硬化型620Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb添加铜的沉淀硬化型钢种。轴类、汽轮机部件630Cr17Ni7A1添加铝的沉淀硬化型钢种/作弹簧、热圈、计器部件640Cr15Ni7M02A1用于有一定耐蚀要求的高强度容器、零件及结构件