Unit-1-Your-College-Years(大学生活).ppt

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1、R einforcementT ext AnalysisYour College YearsB ackgroundW arming upUnit 1Questions/ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesUnit 1Warming upYour College YearsWarming upQuestions/ActivitiesWhat is the article mainly about? How much do you know about developmental changes? What does the author say that st

2、rikes you most?What is an identity crisis? Can you define “identity”?Are there any other key concepts mentioned in the text that you know about or want to know? Warming upQuestions/Activitiesdevelopmental changes: a psychological term which refers to the physiological and behavioral changes througho

3、ut the lifespanidentity: the qualities that make sb or sth what they arewho you are; what strengths and weaknesses you have; how you perceive yourself as well as how other people perceive you ( self image and the image you present to others)Erickson: The identity is “a subjective sense as well as an

4、 observable quality of personal sameness and continuity, paired with some belief in the sameness and continuity of some shared world image.”Identity is highly relational. Warming upQuestions/Activitiesidentity crisis: the difficulties, confusions and anxieties that one goes through when he/she is no

5、t sure who he/she is and what his/her purpose in life isCheck-on PreviewGive three translations of “意识到”.Offer at least three examples of quotation that you can find in the text.Define the following words: heightened (para. 3); observe (para. 4).Warming upObjectivesUnderstand the key psychological c

6、oncepts.Understand the structure of the essay.Appreciate the formality of the writing style.Learn about some useful writing techniquesquotation, parallelism.Warming upBackgroundErik EricksonSigmund FreudUnit 1Your College Years Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud: (1856-1939) Father of psychoanalysis, autho

7、r of The Interpretation of Dreams, famous for his conception of the unconscious, libido, death instinct, the Oedipus/Electra complex, and structural model of human psyche. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Ed. J. Strachey with Anna Freud, 24 vols. London: 195

8、3-1964). Background Erik Erickson: (1902-1994) Freudian ego-psychologist, “father of psychosocial development” and “the architect of identity.” According to Erickson, the identity crisis is the most important conflict human beings encounter when they go through eight developmental stages in life. Er

9、ik EricksonBackgroundBackground Erik EricksonStage (age)Psychosocial crisisSignificant relationsPsychosocial virtuesMaladaptations & MalignanciesI (0-1)infanttrust vs. mistrustmotherhope, faithsensory distortion withdrawalII (2-3)toddlerautonomy vs. shame and doubtparentswill, determinationimpulsivi

10、ty compulsionIII (3-6)preschoolerinitiative vs. guiltfamilypurpose, courageruthlessness inhibitionIV (7-12 or so)school-age childindustry vs. inferiorityneighborhood and schoolcompetencenarrow virtuosity nertiaEight Developmental Stages Background Erik EricksonEight Developmental Stages Stage (age)P

11、sychosocial crisisSignificant relationsPsychosocial virtuesMaladaptations & MalignanciesV (12-18 or so) adolescenceego-identity vs. role-confusionpeer groups, role modelsfidelity, loyaltyfanaticism repudiationVI (the 20s)young adultintimacy vs. isolationpartners, friendslovepromiscuity exclusivityVI

12、I (late 20s to 50s) middle adultgenerativity vs. self-absorptionhousehold, workmatescareoverextension rejectivityVIII (50s and beyond)old adultintegrity vs. despairmankind or “my kind”wisdompresumption despairDetailedAnalysisStructure StyleThemeUnit 1Text AnalysisYour College YearsWhat does the auth

13、or mean by developmental changes? Why is it important for college students to be aware of them?Do you agree with the author that young adults are bound to go through an identity crisis? Is it necessarily a “dangerous” or “negative” incident in our life?Why does the author emphasize the change in the

14、 way of dealing with knowledge as an important aspect of our growth?Text Analysis Theme Style Genre: expository essay, e.g. formal, serious, academic, educational2. Diction: big, complicated, formal words, technical jargon, e.g. personnel, occur, adolescence, adulthoodSyntax: long, involved sentence

15、s, e.g. paras. 4, 6 (During the course)Text Analysis Style 4. Techniques:quotation, e.g. in(source); according to; sb remarks/observes/comments/points out/defines parallelism, e.g.words (para. 2): strengths and weaknesses phrases (para. 2): determined by genetic endowment; shaped by environment; inf

16、luenced by chance events sentences (para. 1): 3 consecutive questions other techniques?Para. 3 is developed by _. Para. 4 is developed by _ & _. How do we make a quotation?Text Analysiscomparisoncategorizationquotation1Text Analysis StructurePara. 1Introduction:Key developmental changes occur during

17、 college years.2Paras. 2-9Detailed discussion:Detailed discussion of these changesPara. 2: Identity crisisParas. 3-4: Dependence/ independence strugglePara 5: Establishing sexual identityPara 6: Relating to people aroundPara 7: Internalizing faith, valuesPara 8: New ways of learningPara 9: Relating

18、to people of other cultures 3Para.10Conclusion:College is a time of personal growth and expansion. What goals do you have for your growth and maturity during your college years? Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: DiscussionDetailed AnalysisExplain the sentence “How people see themselves in both r

19、oles is unquestionably a part of their identity.” What does “both roles” refer to? 2. Give examples to show how identity is determined.3. Did you experience independence/dependence struggle in your later adolescence stage?4. Why does the author say it may be heightened by the students choice to purs

20、ue a college education?5. What are the four distinct aspects of late adolescents psychological separation from their parents? Text AnalysisPart II: Discussion 6. Why should college students stand back to see where they are in the independence/dependence struggle？7. What is meant by “establishing the

21、ir sexual identity”? Why is it stressful?8. How is para. 4 developed?9. How does college students change the way they relate to others as they grow and reach young adulthood?10. Give examples to show how the way you relate to others have changed since you became a college student?Text AnalysisDetail

22、ed AnalysisPart II: Discussion 11. What is meant by “internalizing religious faith”? Do you think you have in some way internalized values and beliefs? What new insights have you gained in this respect?13. Did you ever question the values instilled by your parents in your adolescence?Text AnalysisDe

23、tailed AnalysisPart II: Discussion What new ways should college students develop in learning knowledge? Learning process: gather, process and applyNew perspectives of knowledge: Whats the purpose of materials?Learn to be critical. Establish your own attitudes.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: D

24、iscussion Why does the author think it is important to become a world citizen?Do you have a similar experience, that your interaction with people of other cultures introduce you to new ways of interpreting life, new understanding of the world and of yourself?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Di

25、scussion 1. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. (para. 3) Actually, if the students choose to go to college to continue their education, they will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial

26、support of their parents.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrase2. College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence/dependence struggle. (para. 4) (In the face of the arrays of challenges,) it is necessary for college students to avoid getting too emotionally

27、involved in the struggle and try to get a clear idea of their situation.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrase3. Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. (para. 5) Perhaps n

28、othing can make a student experience such a big emotional change except his/her relationships with his/her lover. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrasego throughto experience To get this job done, he went through all sorts of hardships. to finish You have to go through necessary customs

29、formalities before you can enter another country. to pass They just went through the forest in total silence. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (1)perceive (fml)to know, realize, notice I perceived that I could not make him change his mind. perceiveas He needs to perceive ch

30、ange as opportunity, uncertainty as challenge and corruption as disease. n. perception adj. perceptive/perceptual Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (2)pursueto chase or follow, in order to catch or attack Holmes ran across the field with one officer pursuing him. to continue

31、 doing or trying to achieve sth: to pursue interests/ profits/business/happiness/a goal/further education/a major She plans to pursue a career in politics. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (3)excessivemuch more than is reasonable or necessary His excessive drinking bothers

32、me. Synonym: excess (only as attributive)seein alight What he did made us see him in a new light. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (4)applysth applies to (适合，适用);sth is applied to (运用，应用)developdevelop an idea(详细阐述); develop a new medicine (研制)develop the natural resources;

33、 develop the west region (开发)develop an interest; develop a habit; develop understanding of each other (产生，形成)develop ones business (发展)develop lung cancer (患病)develop into crisis (产生，出现)develop a film (冲洗) Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (5)Fill in the blanks.She has been

34、 modeling _ her younger sister throughout the years.The countrys parliament is modeled _the British system. Many of our products are _ the best in the world. By submitting to male values, they symbolically _ male superiority.You need to get good _/ high _ to go to college. “Michael seems to have som

35、ething on his mind,” she_.foron/afterequal toText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisaffirmedgradesmarksobservedPart II: Exercise (1)Translation 新技术正被应用到几乎所有的工业流程。（apply）New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process. 不是所有的自然规律都适用于人类社会。（apply） Not all natural laws can apply to human societ

36、y. 特殊情况只涉及18岁以下者。（apply）Special conditions apply only if you are under 18.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise (2)Translation1. College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion. 大学本来就是一段个人成长、拓展的时期。2. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur

37、in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? 你是否曾经想过，在你由青春期迈向成年的过程中，你的个人发展会发生某些变化？ Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise (3)Translation3. Functional independence involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finance

38、s, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. 独立生活的能力包括处理日常实际和个人事务的能力，比如说，理财、添置衣物和计划日程安排。4. She then went on to explain how in college she came to realize that literature is one of the best ways to understand a culture. 她接着解释在大学里她是如何慢慢意识到，文学是理解一种文化的最好方式之一。 Text AnalysisDetaile

39、d AnalysisPart II: Exercise (4)Recap of Part II: ContentDevelopmental changes in college yearsNew ways of learning New ways of dealing with people selfparentspeople of other culturesother adultsthe other sex assembling, processing & applying Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis What is the authors conclus

40、ion?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: DiscussionFill in the blanks. Over the years, they have _ an ample amount of data. I cannot say _ how much the car will cost. It must be in the neighborhood of two hundred thousand. assembledfor certainText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise (1)Tr

41、anslation1. 这些措施大大促进了那个国家经济的复苏。（contribute） These measures contributed greatly to the economic recovery of that country.2. 你认为促使这个公司成功的主要因素是什么？ （contribute） What do you think are the main factors that contributed to the success of that company?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise (2)Unit

42、 1ReinforcementDiscussionYour College YearsLanguageWhat does the author say about developmental changes that you find particularly relevant to your life? Have you gained freedom now that you are a college student? If the answer is yes, how are you enjoying your newly acquired freedom?What kind of be

43、liefs, values and morals have you “internalized” since you came to the university? Do you think the college life has helped you deal with your developmental changes?ReinforcementDiscussionTechniques in Paragraph Development1. Development: quotation: in(source); according to categorization: first, se

44、cond, ; oneanother; in addition to illustration/example2. Smooth transition Try to find some examples in the text.ReinforcementWriting FeaturesHow is the text structured?1. Overall structure: introduction development (categorization) conclusion 2. Within paragraph: topic sentence example/category su

45、mmary e.g. paras. 4, 6, 7, 8, 93. Topic sentence: e.g. paras. 3, 5, 10ReinforcementWriting FeaturesHow do we appreciate the structure?ClarityLogicCoherence (smooth transition of both paragraphs and sentences)ReinforcementWriting FeaturesUseful Expressions is very much a part of feel free to stand back handle finance choose a wardrobe determine ones daily agenda come to realize be rebelled against be looked after be taken care of be attended to be put an end to be done away with be focused on be agreed on be put up with Text AnalysisLanguage