v-ing作状语用法.ppt

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1、Learning aims:1. The functions of V-ing form as adverbial.2. The testing points of V-ing form as adverbial in the collage entrance examination.1. We sat in the classroom, listening to the teacher carefully.2. If working hard, we can all achieve our dreams.3. The heavy rain lasted for a month in Xiam

2、en, causing a lot of damage.4. Having starred in You, Who Comes from the Star， Mr. Kim becomes so popular.5. Hearing the news that Mr. Kim would come to our school, we couldnt help jumping with joy.6. Mr. Kim came to our school, taking the helicopter.Function of V-ing form as adverbial 伴随状语伴随状语条件状语条

3、件状语结果状语结果状语原因状语原因状语时间状语时间状语方式状语方式状语V-ing的构成的构成 V-ing-ing是由动词原形加词尾是由动词原形加词尾-ing-ing构成，表示与主构成，表示与主语主动关系。语主动关系。V-ingV-ing同样有时态和语态的变化，同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以通常有下表几种形式（以do do为例）为例）主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式doingBeing doneHaving doneHaving been doneV-ing的一般式和完成式：的一般式和完成式： V-ing-ing的一般式的动作表示和后面句子的动作是的一般式

4、的动作表示和后面句子的动作是同时同时进行进行的动作；完成式的动作是的动作；完成式的动作是先于先于后面句子的动作后面句子的动作发生。如：发生。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。课，他考试不及格。 -ingV的否定形式是由的否定形式是由not /never加加V-ing构成构成。如

5、：。如：不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。Not knowingNot knowing his address, I could do his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. nothing but stay at home and wait.V-ing的被动式的被动式V-ing的被动式表示与主句的主语是被动关系。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了被老师批评以后，他把烟戒

6、了。 （Having been criticized） by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现在分词等。现在分词一般一般不用作表目的的状语不用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的状（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。语）。 1）表时间状语表时间状语 V-ing V-ing短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。短语作时间状

7、语，相当于一个时间状语从句。注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生同时发生有时有时可由连词可由连词when, whilewhen, while引出。如引出。如：While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 看到那些画，她想起了她的童年看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. When I was walking in the s

8、treet, I came across an old friend of mine.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.) While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.2) 表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句）表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句）Being ill, he didnt go to school.1.(

9、=as he was ill, he didnt go to school.)Being a student, you should study hard.(=Since you are a student, you should study hard.）2. 既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。3. 由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called

10、him.) 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语地分词表：作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是，或是对谓语表示的对谓语表示的动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa and watched TV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_ , they went into the class

11、room.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。He _the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talkingstood leaning against4) 表结果表结果Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了

12、一首最受欢迎的歌曲。歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song（表意料之中的结果）（表意料之中的结果）5)表条件表条件Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_, you will see a white house.Walking ahead 1. Having not seen the

13、film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错5. “ Cant you read?” the man

14、said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking(6)(6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格： 考点说明考点说明 名词、代词名词、代词+ + -ing形式可构成独立主格形式可构成独立主格结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语，

15、此时结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语，此时- -ing形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。典型例题典型例题 1. The moon _, we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears C. appearing D. appear析：析：C。该句意为：月亮出来时，我们在山。该句意为：月亮出来时，我们在山脚下。脚下。Appearing 和和 the moon构成独立主构成独立主格结构作时间状语。格结构作时间状语。I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my

16、 hair. 我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. . 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用有时也可用with (without) + +名词（代词宾格）名词（代词宾格）+ +分词形式分词形式With the lights b

17、urning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。 方法揭秘方法揭秘 解题时应牢记解题时应牢记-ing形式独立主格形式独立主格结构作状语，与结构作状语，与- -ing形式作状语用法完全相形式作状语用法完全相同，只不过同，只不过独立主格结构中独立主格结构中- -ing形式逻辑主语为形式逻辑主语为前面的前面的名词或代词。名词或代词。而而- -ing形式作状语时形式作状语时其逻辑主语是其逻辑主语是句子的主句子的主语。语。7）独立成分：）独立成分：有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见

18、的分词短语有：语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设假设), judging from/by(从从判断判断), talking of（谈到（谈到), speaking of（谈到）（谈到）等。等。Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do?Judging from his accent, he must be from the north.Talking of tra

19、vel, have you ever been to Beijing?1 1、分词、分词 ( (短语短语) ) 作状语时作状语时, , 前后两个动作的主语是前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。同一个人。( (前后主语一致）前后主语一致） 、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词( (如如butbut，and)and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号。分词和主句之间可用逗号。Working hard,you will succeed.Working hard,you will succeed

20、. 使用使用- ing形式需注意的形式需注意的4个问题个问题.3 3、用、用V+ingV+ing一般式一般式 还是还是Having+doneHaving+done完成式，要完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，有先后顺序看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，有先后顺序就用就用having done.having done.4 4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, not, nevernever等否定词构成。等否定词构成。 After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a l

21、ook.= Having heard a strange sound, he went out of . As the girl was seriously ill, she was taken to hospital immediately.Being seriously ill, the girl was taken to .be - being As she didnt know any French, she couldnt get any one to help her.Not knowing any French, she couldnt get any one to help h

22、er.Describe the pictures according to the hints.sit on the sofa;read a reportProfessor Du sat on the sofa, reading a report at home.reading a report at home.V-ing作伴随状语作伴随状语in danger; surper powerUsing his super power, he saved Miss Qian when she was in danger.V-ing作方式状语作方式状语shockdance crazilyBecause

23、 he saw Miss Qian dancing crazily, he was deeply shocked. Seeing Miss Qian dancing crazilyV-ing作原因状语作原因状语cryWhen he noticed Miss Qian crying, he danced funny to entertain her.(When) Noticing Miss Qian cryingV-ing作时间状语作时间状语Consolidation The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for th

24、e president. A. to prepare B. preparingC. prepared D. was preparing 2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.A. making B. makes C. made D. to make3.”Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.A. angrily pointing B. and point angrilyC. angrily pointed D.

25、 and angrily pointing4. _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving B. Receiving not Not having received D. Having not received5The missing singer was last seen _ the voice close to the bridge Aexercising Bto be exercising Cexercise Dto exercise 6.The directors discussed the project that the

26、y would like to see _ the next year Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out 7._ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning 8. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _Sorry to miss yo

27、u; will call later.“A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading9._from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge 1. The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _ A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening

28、 C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightenedChoose the best answer. 2. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining 3. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking 4. _ the programme,

29、they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed5. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 6. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to un

30、iversity. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted 8. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean

31、up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 9. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. se

32、izing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 11. _in the queue of half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waitedC. Having waited D. To have waited 12. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. Having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 13. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken