山东省淄博市2020届高三高考适应性练习(一)英语试题Word 版含答案.pdf

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1、1 2020 年高考适应性练习（一） 英 语 注意事项： 1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。 3考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Long Island s hiking routes offer an esc

2、ape for family time or your own mental or physical health. There s lots to see, so open your senses because it s a relaxing thing to do in a stressful time. Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay Walk along the same path that President Theodore Roosevelt walked with his family and guests. Sagamore Hill, now a na

3、tional park, was once the summer home of the 26th president. The expansive property has a nature path through thick woodlands where hikers can walk over a little bridge over a stream. It s a short, three-quarter-mile path through oak and tulip trees. INFO: Open sunrise to sunset daily year-round; fr

4、ee; 516-922-4788. Blydenburgh County Park, Hauppauge The east side of the park is flat, making the walk very kid-friendly. The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have splendid water views of the pond. On the east side is also the rowboat area and benches, as well as picnic tables. When you re a

5、t Blydenburgh County Park, go in the north entrance off Route 347, where the 2 main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated. The office, also the start of the routes, provides information and maps. INFO:Dawn to dusk; 631-854-3712. No fee collected from the main gate in the fall and wint

6、er. Tackapausha Preserve, Seaford The preserve has self-guided routes for the public and is a fun walk for kids with a stop at the museum to complete the visit. Guided walks at the museum are available with advance reservations for organizations and school groups. The paths are flat, well-maintained

7、 and clearly marked, with a pond with bridges and a waterfall along the way. It s a great place to bring your family to bird watch, enjoy animals and connect with nature. INFO: Free and open sunrise to sunset; 516-571-7443. 1. What is Sagamore Hill probably famous for? A. A nature path. B. A little

8、bridge. C. The thick woodlands. D. A president s summer home. 2. What do Blydenburgh County Park and Tackapausha Preserve have in common? A. They are free. B. They have water views. C. They have picnic service. D. They favor the elderly. 3. What should a group of students do for a better visit to th

9、e museum in Tackapausha Preserve? A. Book guided walks. B. Take a new route. C. Make additional payment. D. Consult museum guides. B A shark that walks in water instead of swimming might sound like a creature straight out of science fiction. However, that is precisely how the fishfound in the waters

10、 off Northern Australia moves across the seafloor. The unique ocean animals were discovered by a team of scientists led by Dr. Christine Dudgeon from Australia s University of Queensland during a 12-year global conservation study. 3 The newly-found sharks have evolved (进化 ) to survive in low oxygen

11、environments, enabling them to hunt during low tides. The researchers believe their ability to use their fins (鳍) to walk affords the sharks a remarkable edge over the smaller animals they try to hunt. “ While they are super hunters in their shallow habitat, the tiny sharks present no threat to peop

12、le,”says Dudgeon. “ At less than a meter long on average, they re incredibly cute little animals that do not look like sharks at all, ” she adds. A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their original population and became a distinct species abo

13、ut nine million years ago. Though that may appear to be a long time ago, it is relatively recent given that sharks have been around for more than 400 million years. In fact, Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth! The researchers say that the sharks smal

14、l numbers and shallow habitat make them extremely vulnerable (易受伤害 ) to natural disasters and overfishing. They are currently on the Nature Red List, which lists species at risk. Dudgeon and her team believe sensible conservation management plans are urgently needed to protect the walking sharks and

15、 other endangered animals from further threats. 4. What is the most noticeable feature of the newly-found sharks? A. They are cute and harmless to humans. B. They can survive in their shallow habitat. C. They walk on their fins across the seafloor. D. They are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth. 5

16、. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The evolution of the sharks. B. The behavior of the sharks. C. The population of the sharks. D. The DNA samples of the sharks. 6. What should be done without delay according to Dudgeon and her team? 4 A. Adjusting the methods of fishing. B. Putting the sharks o

17、n the Nature Red List. C. Changing the sharks living environments. D. Adopting necessary measures to protect the sharks. 7. In which column of a website can we read the text? A. Environment. B. Nature. C. Education. D. Geography. C The Tokyo Summer Olympics is going green. The 5,000 medals Japan has

18、 made are more special than most. One novel focus of the Tokyo Olympics is to be “ sustainable”to avoid using too many natural resources, so that the games are easy on the environment. As part of this goal, the organizers decided to make all of the Olympic medals out of metal recycled from old elect

19、ronics. Almost all electronics are made with small amounts of “ precious metals” , like gold and silver. But collecting enough of these metals to make 5,000 medals was a huge challenge. That s because the amount of metal in each device is tiny. It would take about 20,000 cell phones to get just 1 ki

20、logram of gold. Beginning in April 2017, the organizers placed collection boxes around the country, and asked people to turn in their old electronic devices. Soon people began to respond to the initiative, turning in smartphones, digital cameras, handheld games, and laptops. At first, collection wen

21、t slowly, but soon more and more areas began to take part. By the end, 1,621 local governments had helped out with the collection process. Then came the job of breaking those devices down into smaller pieces. After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics were smelted (熔炼 ) to get all the

22、 gold, silver, and bronze elements. This is a tricky job, which calls for careful attention and good skill. It s also dangerous, because some of the metals and other things aren t safe for people to touch or breathe. 5 By the end of March, 2019, the organizers had hit their targets of getting enough

23、 metal for the medals. They had collected around 32 kilograms of gold, 4,100 kilograms of silver and 2,200 kilograms of bronze. And now all the 5,000 medals are available for the would-be winners. 8. What can we know about the Tokyo Olympics medals? A. They are hugely valuable. B. They are of high q

24、uality. C. They are designed uniquely. D. They are made from e-waste. 9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A. The difficulty of making the medals. B. The process of collecting old electronics. C. The initiative to recycle used smartphones. D. The classification of the collected devices. 10. The

25、underlined word “ tricky” in Paragraph 5 means “ _ ”. A. creative B. well-paid C. demanding D. time-consuming 11. What s the purpose of Tokyo s way of making the medals? A. To advocate sustainable use of resources. B. To promote the spirit of Olympic Games. C. To introduce a new technique to make me

26、dals. D. To call people s attention to environmental damage. D Over the last 25 years, psychologists have found that personalities center on five basic traits (特性 )the Big Five: agreeableness, conscientiousness (责任心 ), neuroticism, extroversion and openness.Contrary to common belief, people just are

27、n t organized into certain personality types. Every trait is a continuous dimension and everyone can be described as having varying levels of each trait. A new research has also found animals from ants to apes all have the Big Five and that the universality of personality points to an evolutionary (

28、进化 ) origin. Animals and humans have common problems of survival, which are spelled out beautifully in the Big Five, and that s why there s so much continuity in human personality and animal 6 personality. For example, conscientiousness involves behaviors like planning and consideration, which are i

29、mportant among animals for taking care of their young, selecting mates and living in groups. Being neat and orderly aspects of conscientiousnessalso has evolutionary superiority. Bees that like to keep clean and remove more dead group members reduce risk of disease, gain more weight and reproduce mo

30、re. Spiders that make tidy webs catch more insects. Birds that build neater and solider nests attract more mates. These behaviors may seem primitive, but they re nevertheless indications of personality. Personality is the expression of all of the behaviors that humans and animals exhibit that allow

31、them to function adaptively in the world. Evolution can also explain why personalities vary so much. Depending on the situation, each of the Big Five can be advantageous. For example, agreeableness is great for relationships. But if a lion were charging at you, you d be better off with a less agreea

32、ble and more aggressive personality. Because the world is so unpredictable, every aspect of each personality trait could be useful at different times , so instead of evolving a single type of personality that s best for every situation, we re left with a wide variety. 12. What do people generally th

33、ink about personality types? A. Different personality types have respective strengths. B. Everyone falls into a particular personality type. C. People with common personality types gather. D. Everyone has mixed personality types. 13. What s the purpose of mentioning some animals in Paragraph 2? A. T

34、o illustrate the advantages of being conscientious. B. To analyze survival chances of cooperative animals. C. To explain why they are tidy and orderly. D. To throw new light on their behavior. 14. Why do we display a certain personality in a specific situation? A. To be free of trouble. B. To be ada

35、ptive to circumstances. 7 C. To compete for equal rights. D. To gain advantages over others. 15. What does the text mainly focus on? A. Personality and behavior. B. Categories of the Big Five. C. Contradictory facts on personality. D. Diversity and variability of personality. 第二节 ( 共 5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满

36、分12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Ever since the University of Bologna in Italy was founded in 1088 as the first modern university, most people have associated great universities with major cities. 16 Colleges and universities in the U.S., though, have followed a different pattern.

37、 To be sure, leading universities such as the University of Chicago and Columbia University in New York City call major urban centers home. 17 In some cases, the university is, for all practical purposes, the whole town. 18 Many early colleges and universities were founded by religious (宗教的 ) groups

38、 that sought to educate students far from the distractions of city life. When Harvard University was founded in 1636 by Congregationalist Church ministers, Cambridge, where the university is now located, was quite separate from Boston. Moreover, when the U.S. began building a network of public unive

39、rsities in the 1860s to bring agricultural and technical research and know-how to the westward-spreading frontier, most were located in small towns. 19 Given the huge diversity of U.S. higher education, the message for international students shopping for a great university is doubled. 20 Don t be pu

40、t off if you have never heard of the city or town where a school is located. Top-rated colleges and universities located in lesser known places may amaze you in an unimaginable manner with their high quality and a significant number of their international students. A. Bloomington is also a great col

41、lege town. 8 B. Think the Sorbonne in Paris or Peking University. C. Set your sights beyond the most well-known schools. D. One reason: there were no major cities there at the time. E. There was no better recipe for popularity than small campuses. F. Part of the explanation for this lies in America

42、s distinctive history. G. But many are located in cities and towns most people have never heard of. 第二部分语言运用 ( 共两节，满分30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分 ) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 As a child, I lived on a college campus with my parents. Their students often visited and did jigsa

43、w puzzles ( 拼图 ) with me, for which I quickly discovered my 21 . I would sit alone for hours 22 building a puzzle. My college “ friends” would be 23 next time they came. Soon I 24 up from 500-piece puzzles to my highest 25 : a 3,000-piece one. I was so 26 at the thought of tearing it apart that I mo

44、ved the finished puzzle 27 onto a large board and kept it as it was until we moved away and I 28 playing with puzzles. Recently I can t help but 29 my old days, when I could spend hours looking at small, oddly shaped cardboard pieces and 30 them into appropriately-spaced positions, enjoying myself.

45、I now live in a world of divided 31 , constantly jumping from one form of entertainment to another. 32 , I dislike it when I open my phone to send a quick text, but only to find myself, an hour later, clicking on countless YouTube videos that leave no impression on me. I miss being someone who didn

46、t 33 to be bombed with so many flashy external stimuli to be 34 . I think a puzzle or two would force me to be another version of myself, a less impatient one. When I get home this summer, I ll 35 the box of old toys somewhere in our basement. Maybe I ll find what I m looking for. 21. A. concern B.

47、destination C. balance D. love 9 22. A. dreaming of B. concentrating on C. complaining about D. hesitating about 23. A. embarrassed B. impressed C. confused D. relieved 24. A. leveled B. mixed C. showed D. sped 25. A. challenge B. design C. achievement D. champion 26. A. guilty B. light-hearted C. s

48、illy D. heartbroken 27. A. at random B. with care C. on occasion D. step by step 28. A. quit B. continued C. escaped D. forbade 29. A. analyse B. regret C. recall D. doubt 30. A. placing B. rolling C. pushing D. dragging 31. A. attention B. communication C. information D. opinions 32. A. Thankfully

49、B. Honestly C. Additionally D. Interestingly 33. A. fail B. afford C. need D. offer 34. A. admired B. connected C. disturbed D. entertained 35. A. take over B. break up C. search through D. put away 第二节 ( 共 10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People of all ages are concerned about the spread of the coronavirus, and teenagers, as a group, tend