突破提升练(二).doc

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1、突破提升练(二).阅读理解(2018新疆一模,C)Superstorm Sandy slammed into the eastern United States five years ago. The wind-driven water caused a lot of flooding, especially in the regions subway systems. Now two teens have invented a device that could help prevent future subway floods.In New York City alone, Superst

2、orm Sandy caused an estimated $ 19 billion in damage. Much of the floodwaters entered the subway system through its ventilation grates (通风栅). Those metal grills usually lie at ground level. When the system is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood (胶合板) and sand

3、bags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows water to flow into the tunnels. Raising those grates even a tiny bit above ground level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of mo

4、ney, too.Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed a metal grate with a built-in, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down, that part can be slid shut to completely block t

5、he grate.Their grate is the same size as the grates being used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes a tamper-proof feature, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that people dont shut off airflow during norma

6、l conditions. For people with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead of a flood.1.Whats the second paragraph mainly about?A.The steps to operate grates.B.The measures to prevent floods.C.The function of plywood and sandbags.D.The disadvantage of the present subwa

7、y system in New York City.2.Which of the following words best describes the two teens new invention?A.Costly.B.Time-saving.C.Practical.D.Conventional.3.Whats the purpose of designing the tamper-proof feature?A.To replace the old grate correctly.B.To close the grate ahead of a flood.C.To ensure airfl

8、ow in normal conditions.D.To stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.4.Where does the text most probably come from?A.A news report.B.An adventurous story.C.An equipment introduction.D.A guidebook of making grates.七选五(2018黑龙江大庆二模)Have you ever noticed how terrible weather seems to drag your spirits d

9、own?1But there are various things you can do to keep your spirits up until spring.2A snowy, icy, cold, or rainy world can be beautiful and often has sounds and smells of its own. If youre an artist, or photographer, winter provides a great deal of inspiration and different colors for you to work wit

10、h. Even if you dont feel that creative, simply watching a winter scene from the comfort of your home can be a pleasant way to relax and enjoy the peace.Take part in winter activities.3If youre a beginner to these snow sports, try learning in areas where you wont be worried about more experienced peo

11、ple crowding you out. Local parks are ideal starting points to encourage you to get out and give new winter sports a go.4Winter comes with the shortest days and lowest light of the year. Go out if you can. If you cant, or if youre so far from the equator as to have little or no daylight, use bright

12、lights and perhaps light or white walls.Stay active.As much as possible, get yourself outside. Take at least a short walk. If the weather does not permit, move around inside. Walk up and down your stairs if you have them.5It also regulates such things as sleep and diet. Move around at least a bit ea

13、ch day.A.Go out.B.Brighten up.C.Find things to enjoy about winter.D.Enjoy skiing, sledding, or ice-skating.E.Theres nothing you can do about the weather.F.Making snowmen is a fun activity for both kids and adults.G.Exercise gets your body temperature up and your blood flowing.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.完形填空(2018

14、山东、湖北部分重点中学三模)Ryan Hickman was born into an American family. When he was three years old, Ryan Hickman visited a1center in California and found what he wanted to do most.2, the next day as he greeted his dad, Damion, he made a(n)3, “Im going to4all the bottles and cans from everyone in the neighborh

15、ood. Ill start a new5myself!”Its never too6to start a business, though there were no other staff but himself when the company was started. Today, Ryan, aged seven, the worlds7garbage man, is the CEO, manager and8of Ryans Recycling Company. Though Ryan says he doesnt remember what made it all start,

16、he remains9about what he is doing. When questioned why he did so, he said, “Its10bottles get to the ocean, and then animals get sick and die.” Ryans neighbors have been11to the little boys knocking for their recycled goods. More and more12ones call to ask for a pickup or even13bags of bottles and ca

17、ns at Hickmans door. At school, Ryans favorite activity is helping the dustmen14the trash and taking away the recyclable. “My wife and I support him and we told him that whenever he wants to15, he can,” Damion said. “I want to see him with friends, but the recycling just makes him16. He has actually

18、17five of his friends to join him.”According to Damion, Ryan has18over $11,000 through recycling bottles and cans. Ryan says he wants to buy a large trash truck to be19with enough garbage and become a20garbage man.1.A.financialB.recyclingC.deliveringD.industrial2.A.AmazinglyB.TerriblyC.SimplyD.Ridic

19、ulously3.A.betB.announcement C.speechD.explanation4.A.throw upB.throw outC.pick outD.pick up5.A.investigationB.study C.businessD.campaign6.A.oldB.earlyC.weakD.late7.A.cleverestB.busiestC.wealthiestD.youngest8.A.customerB.employerC.traineeD.employee 9.A.enthusiasticB.energetic C.unbearableD.comfortab

20、le10.A.whyB.howC.becauseD.when11.A.opposedB.supposedC.accustomedD.devoted12.A.supportiveB.instructiveC.aggressiveD.persuasive13.A.throw awayB.turn down C.lay downD.pull away14.A.desertB.separateC.circulateD.weed15.A.startB.continueC.quitD.back16.A.relaxedB.upsetC.delightedD.exhausted17.A.persuadedB.

21、urgedC.forcedD.instructed18.A.raisedB.savedC.wastedD.spent 19.A.surroundedB.entertained C.equippedD.loaded20.A.diligentB.generousC.wealthyD.true .语法填空(2018江西六校联考)Have you ever been to London?Which famous sites did you visit?Or, if it is the first time that you1(be)there, which one will you check out

22、?Some world-famous2(culture)sites may already be on your list:Buckingham Palace, Elizabeth Tower and the Tower of London. However, a tour of London would be incomplete3checking out the London art scene. As a guidebook Londons Secrets:Museums & Galleries puts it, Londons art is a lot like4city itself

23、diverse, vast, and in a constant state of changes. From old masters to street art and everything in between, London has it all.In fact, according to The Telegraph, museums and galleries were the most5(visit)attractions in Britain last year. The British Museum,6celebrated its 225th anniversary this y

24、ear, had the most visitors, at 6,701,036.According to The Art Newspaper, the British Museums increased7(popular)is down to its exhibitions, particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show(MarchSeptember 2017).There are more than 7 million artifacts(历史文物)in the British Museum. Not all

25、 of them are on display, but much of the collection8(constant)rotates(轮换), so youll see something new with each visit. So,9youre an art lover or just looking for a fun time, youre sure10(find)inspiration in London.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.短文改错(2018福建漳州二次调研)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有

26、10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。I am so glad that you can visit me in London. Knowing that youve never travel outside of Asia, Id tell you a bit about you can expect to find. Wh

27、en I first arrived, I found that London is such a international city. There are many Chinese restaurants,so the British people hardly eat Chinese food for breakfast. Most of them get used to bacon or egg with a few slices of toast. Tipping always puzzles me. If you want to avoid to getting confused,

28、 you should always leave 10% of the bill to the service. Besides, its very difficult for our Chinese to understand British humour. So dont be surprised when you dont think anything is funny. The majority of British people is friendly. Anyway, I am so looking forward to your visit there.答案全解全析.阅读理解语篇

29、解读美国的地铁设计有缺陷,飓风期间洪水常常进入隧道,两个少年发明了一种防止地铁水灾的新装置,不仅成本低而且很实用。1.D主旨大意题。通读本段可知,本段指出地铁系统的通风栅设计有缺陷,容易让水流进去,抬高通风栅和建立高耸的烟囱花费很大。由此推断本段讲述纽约市现在的地铁系统的缺点。2.C推理判断题。根据最后两段可知,他们设计的通风栅有防洪作用。这种通风栅与现在使用的通风栅一样大小,很容易去掉旧的换上新的。因此推断他们的设计是实用的。3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的相关内容可知,防更改功能是为了预防操作失误。它能够确保在正常条件下人们不会关闭通风口,保证通风。4.A推理判断题。由文章结构和内容可推断

30、本文是一篇新闻报道。.七选五语篇解读严寒的冬季可能让人的心情也变得糟糕起来,我们无法改变天气,只能改变自我,文章介绍了改善自己心情的几个方法。1.E上句提出了问题,本句与上句话题一致,且与下句为转折关系,E项符合语境。E项意为“我们对天气无能为力”。2.C本句为段落小标题。本段讲到,冬季为艺术家或者摄影师提供大量灵感或不同色彩,即便你并不感到那有创造性,只是在家中欣赏景色,也是自我放松和享受平静的方式。由此判断C项符合本段内容。3.D段落标题为“参加冬季运动”,结合本段内容可知,D项与段落标题以及下文内容一致,意为“享受滑雪、雪橇和滑冰运动吧”。4.B本句为段落小标题。概括本段内容可知,冬季白

31、天时间短,甚至没有白天,可以用明亮的灯光或者浅颜色的墙来改善心情。B项意为“变明亮;变愉快”。5.G上文提到外出散步、爬楼梯等内容,由此可知G项与本段的话题一致,意为“锻炼能使体温升高、加速血液流动”。.完形填空语篇解读三岁的Ryan Hickman因为参观了一家废品回收中心而萌生了自己做废品回收生意的想法。如今,七岁的他是瑞安回收公司的首席执行官兼经理兼雇员,是世界上最年轻的“清洁工”。1.B句意:Ryan Hickman三岁的时候,参观了一家位于加利福尼亚州的回收中心,并且发现了自己最想做的事情。根据下文内容以及第8空后的Ryans Recycling Company可知选B项。finan

32、cial金融的;recycle回收;deliver投递;industrial工业的。2.A根据上下文可知,Ryan当时只有三岁,他决定做废品回收生意,这件事当然“令人惊讶(Amazingly)”。terribly严重地;simply简单地,仅仅;ridiculously荒谬地。3.BRyan向父亲宣布自己的决定。make an announcement为固定短语,意为“发表公告”。make a bet打赌;make a speech发表演讲;make an explanation做出解释。4.D此处指他打算把社区内所有人的瓶瓶罐罐都收集(pick up)起来。throw up匆忙建造;thro

33、w out扔掉;pick out挑选。5.C根据第6空后的start a business可知选C项。investigation调查;study学习;business生意;campaign运动。6.B句意:尽管公司开办时,除了Ryan自己没有其他员工,但是做生意多早也不为过。never too.to do sth.构成双重否定,常用来表示“做某事多也不为过”。本句中Ryan年龄很小,故本句表示“做生意多早也不为过”。7.D七岁的Ryan自然是世界上最年轻的(youngest)“清洁工”。cleverest最聪明的;busiest最忙的;wealthiest最富有的。8.D根据上句中的there

34、 were no other staff but himself when the company was started可知,Ryan既是公司的CEO,也是公司的经理,还是公司的雇员(employee)。customer顾客;employer老板;trainee实习生。9.A句意:虽然Ryan说他不记得是什么让这一切开始的,但是他对自己正在做的事情依然充满热情。enthusiastic热情的;energetic精力充沛的;unbearable难以忍受的;comfortable舒适的。10.C前文When questioned why he did so给出提示,因此要用because。11.

35、C句意:Ryan的邻居们已经习惯这个小男孩敲门回收物品了。be accustomed to(doing)sth.意为“习惯于(做)某事”。opposed强烈反对;supposed误以为的;devoted忠诚的。12.A句意:越来越多的支持(supportive)者打电话来请求回收,甚至把一袋一袋的瓶瓶罐罐放在(lay down)Ryan的家门口。instructive有教育意义的;aggressive挑衅的,有进取心的;persuasive有说服力的。13.C解析见上题。throw away扔掉;turn down调低,拒绝;pull away开动。14.B根据下文and taking awa

36、y the recyclable(拿走可回收的物品)可知,此处表示将垃圾分类(separate)。desert遗弃;circulate使循环;weed除草。15.C句意:Damion说:“我的妻子和我都支持他,并且我们告诉他无论何时他想放弃(quit)都可以。”start开始;continue继续;back后退。16.C全文都在讲述Ryan对废品回收工作的热爱,由此判断,回收工作让Ryan感到快乐。relaxed放松的,悠闲的;upset心烦的;delighted高兴的;exhausted疲惫的。17.A句意:事实上,他已经(成功地)说服他的五个朋友加入他。persuade sb. to do

37、 sth.意为“说服某人做某事”。urge sb. to do sth.敦促某人做某事;force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事;instruct sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事。18.B句意:据Damion说,Ryan已经通过回收瓶瓶罐罐攒下(saved)超过一万一千美金。raise筹集;waste浪费;spend花费。19.D根据句意可知,此处指“装载足够多垃圾的垃圾车”,故应用be loaded with,表示“装载着;用装载”。be surrounded with被环绕;be entertained with受到的招待;be equipped with配备有。

38、20.D句意:Ryan说他想买一辆大型垃圾车,装足够多的垃圾,成为一名真正的(true)清洁工。diligent勤勉的;generous慷慨的;wealthy富有的。.语法填空语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了英国伦敦著名景点的相关情况。1.have been句意:或者,如果这是你第一次在那里,你会看哪个景点?在“It is the+序数词+time+that从句”中,that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时,且从句主语为you,故填have been。2.cultural句意:一些世界著名的文化景点可能已经在你的旅游单里了。设空处作sites的定语,意为“文化的”,故填形容词cultural。3.wi

39、thout句意:然而,如果没参观伦敦艺术活动,伦敦之游是不完整的。设空处后为动名词,设空处表示“没有”,故填介词without。4.the句意:正如一本旅游指南伦敦的秘密:博物馆和美术馆所说的那样,伦敦的艺术很像这个城市本身多元,庞大且处在不断变化的状态。设空处后的city特指伦敦,故填the。5.visited句意:事实上,根据电讯报报道,在去年,博物馆和美术馆是英国最受欢迎的景点。根据提示词visit可推知设空处考查非谓语动词作定语。attractions与visit为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示完成,故填过去分词visited。6.which句意:大英博物馆今年庆祝了它的225周年纪念

40、日,其游客最多,达6,701,036人。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词The British Museum指“物”,在定语从句中作主语,故填which。7.popularity句意:根据艺术新闻报道,大英博物馆越来越受欢迎是因为它的各种展览,尤其是。由设空处作主语可推知设空处填名词,故填popularity。8.constantly句意:这些文物不是全被展出而是不断轮换展出,因此每次你来参观都会看到一些新东西。设空处作状语,修饰动词rotates,需用副词形式,故填constantly。9.whether句意:因此,无论你是艺术爱好者还是只是为了消遣,你肯定会在伦敦找到灵感。“whether.o

41、r.”用于引导让步状语从句,意为“无论还是”。10.to findbe sure to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“肯定会做某事”。.短文改错答案I am so glad you can visit me in London. Knowing that youve never traveltraveled/travelled outside of Asia,Id tell you a bit about what you can expect to find. When I first arrived, I found that London is such aan internation

42、al city. There are many Chinese restaurants,sobut the British people hardly eat Chinese food for breakfast. Most of them get used to bacon or eggeggs with a few slices of toast. Tipping always puzzles me. If you want to avoid getting confused, you should always leave 10% of the bill tofor the servic

43、e.Besides, its very difficult for ourus Chinese to understand British humour. So dont be surprised when you dont think anything is funny. The majority of British people isare friendly. Anyway, I am so looking forward to your visit therehere.解析考查时态。现在完成时的形式是“have/has+过去分词”,故将travel改为traveled或travelle

44、d。考查宾语从句。“you can expect to find”作介词about的宾语,该从句缺少宾语,且宾语为“物”,故在about后加what。考查冠词。错误处后的international以元音音素开头,且city在本句中表示泛指,故将a改为an。考查并列连词。句意:那里有许多中餐馆,但是英国人早餐几乎不吃中餐。前后两个分句为转折关系并非因果关系,故将so改为but。考查名词的数。egg为可数名词,前面没有冠词修饰,且此处表泛指,故将egg(单数形式)改为eggs(复数形式)。考查非谓语动词作宾语。avoid后需加动名词作宾语,故将avoid后的to去掉。考查介词。句意:如果你想避免感到困惑,你应该留下账单的10%作为服务费。错误处表示目的,故将to改为for。考查代词。错误处作介词for的宾语,故将our改为us。考查主谓一致。“the majority of+名词” 作主语,谓语动词要和of后的名词保持一致,本句中of后的名词为people,表复数概念,故将is改为are。考查副词。句意:无论如何,我非常盼望你来这里。根据句意可知需将there改为here。