First Succession Act翻译.doc

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1、First Succession ActThe First Succession Act of Henry VIIIs reign was passed by the Parliament of England in March 1534. The Act was formally titled the Succession to the Crown Act 1533 (citation 25 Hen 8 c 22), or the Act of Succession 1533; it is often dated as 1534, as it was passed in that calen

2、dar year. However, the legal calendar in use at that time dated the beginning of the year as March 25, and so considered the Act as being in 1533.在亨利八世统治时期，英国国会在1534三月通过了第一个继承法。这项法案正式命名为1533年王位继承法（引用25，8，22），或1533年继承法。它通常被日期为1534，因为它是在那个日历年通过的。然而，法定历法规定每年的三月二十五日是一个的开端，因此该法案被认为这是1533。The Act made the

3、n yet unborn Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King Henry VIII by Anne Boleyn, the true successor to the Crown by declaring Princess Mary, daughter of the King by Catherine of Aragon, a bastard. The Act also required all subjects, if commanded, to swear an oath to recognize this Act as well as the Kin

4、gs supremacy. Under the Treasons Act 1534 anyone who refused to take the oath was subject to a charge of treason.该法案将尚未出生的伊丽莎白公主，亨利八世国王和安娜博林所生的女儿亨利，宣布成为真正的继任者，而国王与阿拉贡的凯瑟琳所生的女儿，玛丽公主被宣布为私生子。这项法案还要求所有人，一旦下达命令，要宣誓承认这个法令以及国王至高无上的权力。根据1534年的叛国法，拒绝宣誓的人将被冠以叛国罪的罪名。The Act was later altered by the Second Succ

5、ession Act, which made Elizabeth illegitimate, and the Third Succession Act, which returned both sisters to the line of succession.该法案后来被修改成第二继承法，将伊丽莎白公主被宣布为不合法的继承者：后又修改为第三继承法，使这两个姐妹同时拥有继承权的权力。The currently applicable legislation is the Act of Settlement 1701.目前适用的立法是1701年的王位继承法。Second Succession Ac

6、tThe Second Succession Act of Henry VIIIs reign was passed by the Parliament of England in June 1536, removing both Mary and Elizabeth from the line of the succession. The Act was formally titled An Act concerning the Succession of the Crown. It is also known as the Succession to the Crown: Marriage

7、 Act 1536 (citation 28 Henry VIII c.7), or as the Act of Succession 1536. The Act followed the conviction and execution of Anne Boleyn, Elizabeths mother, and superseded the First Succession Act, which had declared Henrys daughter Mary to be illegitimate and Elizabeth to be his legitimate heir. The

8、new Act now declared Elizabeth to be a bastard also. As a result, Henry was left without any legitimate child to inherit the throne until his son Prince Edward was born in October 1537.亨利八世统治时期，第二继承法于1536六月由英国议会通过，该法案将玛丽和伊丽莎白从继承名单中除去。这项法案正式命名为“皇冠继承法”。它也被作为王位继承：1536年婚姻法（引文28亨利八世,7），或者1536年继承法。这项法案将安妮

9、博林定罪，处罚了安妮博林，即伊丽莎白的母亲，同时取代了第一继承法案，那项曾宣布亨利的女儿玛丽是非法的以及伊丽莎白是他的合法继承人的法案。新法令现在宣布伊丽莎白是私生子。所以作为这一结果，直到1537年十月国王的儿子爱德华王子出生之前，亨利没有任何合法的孩子继承王位。The succession was subsequently changed by the Third Succession Act (1543), which returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession.这一法案随后又改变为第三继承法案（1543），第三继

10、承法重新将伊丽莎白和玛丽都返回了继承序列之中。Because Henry had no legitimate offspring when the Act was passed, section 18 of it gave Henry full and plenary power and authority to choose who would succeed him if he died without an heir of his body, by naming his successor in letters patent or in his last Will. The Act cr

11、eated several offences of high treason connected with interrupting the succession to the throne of any person so chosen,1 or with saying that Henrys first two marriages (to the mothers of Mary and Elizabeth) had been valid or that his third marriage (to Jane Seymour) was invalid, or with saying that

12、 Mary and Elizabeth were legitimate or that Edward was not. The Act also required some of Henrys subjects to take an oath to uphold the Act, and made it treason to refuse to take the oath. Sanctuary was not available for people accused of treason under the Act,4 andin addition to the death penaltyan

13、yone convicted of treason by interrupting the succession to the throne was to forfeit their own claim to the throne (if any).当法案被通过时，因为亨利没有合法的后代，国会的18个部门给亨利“全面和充足的权力和权威”来选择谁会接替他，如果他死后无直系继承人，则通过立遗嘱的形式任命继承人。该法案建立了几个最高形式的叛国罪，选择任何一个人来连接中断的王位继承，或者说亨利的前两次婚姻（对玛丽和伊丽莎白的母亲）一直有效，而他的第三次婚姻（Jane Seymour）是无效的，或者说玛

14、丽和伊丽莎白是合法的而爱德华不合法。该法案还要求一些拥护亨利的人宣誓赞成法案，并且拒绝宣誓的人被判定为叛国罪。而那些被判为叛国罪的人，避难所是不向这些人提供帮助的，并且除了被判死刑的人，任何一个因打断了王位继承而获叛国罪的人，会丧失对王位继承权的要求。The Act also made it treason to criticise the death sentence passed against Thomas More under the Treasons Act 1534.该法案在1534年叛国罪的支持下，通过反对托马斯莫尔批评死刑法。Finally, the Act made it t

15、reason to attempt to repeal the Act.2 This did not prevent Henry himself from obtaining the repeal of the Act seven years later, by way of the Third Succession Act, which returned his two daughters into the line of succession to the throne.最后，该法案试图废除叛国罪。这并不能阻止亨利在七年后废除该法案，用第三继承法代替，将自己的两个女儿重返继承王位的序列中。

16、Third Succession ActThe Third Succession Act of Henry VIIIs reign was passed by the Parliament of England in July 1543, and returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the succession behind their half-brother Edward.在亨利八世统治时期，第三继承法于1543七月由英国议会通过，并且将玛丽和伊丽莎白都回归到继承的序列中，但居于同父异母的弟弟爱德华之后。The Act was f

17、ormally titled the Succession to the Crown Act 35 Hen. VIII c.1, and is also known as Act of Succession 1543. The royal assent was given to this bill in the spring of 1544 at the conclusion of the 1543/1544 Parliament, but until 1793 Acts were usually backdated to the beginning of the session of Par

18、liament in which they were passed. (The Act is also often dated 1544.) It superseded the First Succession Act (1533) and the Second Succession Act (1536), whose effect was to declare both Mary and Elizabeth bastards, and allow Henry to name his own successor. When Henrys son Prince Edward was born i

19、n 1537, he then became the heir to the throne. This new Act returned both of Henrys daughters Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession, behind Edward, any potential children of his, and any potential children of Henry by his then wife, Catherine Parr.该法令正式命名为亨利八世在位第35年王位继承法，并且被称为1534年继承法流传下来。在15

20、44年的春天，1543 / 1544王室议会的结论同意了这个法案，但直到1793年法案通常追溯到国会会议的开端，他们通过（法案也经常被标明时间为1544）用第三继承法取代第一继承法（1533）和第二继承法（1536），其作用是宣布玛丽和伊丽莎白的非法性，让亨利来指定自己的继承人。当亨利的儿子爱德华王子于1537出生，他自然地成为了王位的继承人。这个新的法案都返回了亨利的女儿玛丽和伊丽莎白在爱德华之后的继承权力，并承认亨利和他当时的妻子凯瑟琳帕尔的任何潜在的孩子的继承权。With the 1536 Act, HenryVIII was authorised to dispose of the C

21、rown by letters patent or by will, in default of any legitimate heirs. This means that the place in the succession for Mary and/or Elizabeth remained doubtful. Henrys actual will (1547) simply confirmed their position as outlined in the 1543/44 statute. Mary and Elizabeth, who had both been declared

22、 illegitimate and incapable to inherit, expressly remained so in the 1543/44 Act; they were only capacitated to succeed to the Crown (with several provisos, such as they could not marry without the Privy Councils approval).1536年法案规定，亨利八世因为缺少合法的继承者，被允许通过特许信或者遗嘱来授权处置继承人。这意味着玛丽和/或伊丽莎白继承的位置仍然值得怀疑。亨利真实的遗

23、嘱（1547）简单地确定了他们的位置，在154344年法规中。玛丽和伊丽莎白都被宣布为非法的，不能继承，这一决定明确保存在1543 / 44的法案中；他们继承王位是有限制的（有几个条件，如他们在没有枢密院的批准下不能结婚）。The Treason Act 1547 made it high treason to interrupt the line of succession to the throne established by the Act of Succession. Edward VI meant to bypass this Act in his Devise for the S

24、uccession, issued as letters patent on 21June 1553, by naming Lady Jane Grey as his successor in place of Mary.1 Prevailing over Lady Jane Grey, Mary ascended the throne per the terms of the Third Succession Act.1547年的叛国罪，打断了最高王位中继承人的继承王位继承王位。爱德华六世绕过这一法案规定，在他的“继承遗嘱”，作为特许书在1533年6月21日发布，任命珍格雷作为他的继承者取代

25、玛丽的接班位置。但不久之后玛丽通过第三继承法战胜简格雷小姐，登上每第三继承法条款的宝座。6 座的法 三上 姐格战法 过 丽之。班的玛者他格珍布 年在特，遗“在规一过六。位位的继王最，叛的 , , . ）婚下的密有如条个制有承他案的 确定，能的非被莎和。法 在位们确单 （的利疑值然位白伊丽味。人权嘱或特许允继合为世亨案法) ; ) . 权权子在任尔凯时他认，承后德白丽玛女利都的这。位了地，出 王爱儿利承继定亨性非莎丽布是其 继和 法一取承第） 明常也（他开会国常法 但个了论议王 / ，的 。下法年 被并继年第位利命 , , ) ( . . 后华弟的同居中序归都丽和并，国月七 承，时八 - 中列位

26、返儿两自替承第法废年亨阻并国叛试该 , 法刑尔对通下罪国 求要承对会人叛获王断个，的死且的帮人不难人国判被。为定的拒，成宣的拥一还法法华法白莎和者效） 婚第的效）的莎丽对次的说或继断连个何选国式个了建人继任嘱过人继后果如替选威力的充利门 的代后有亨，通) , . , ) 中中继返玛白丽重三） （继第又随 , ( 位承孩法何利前出德子国月 直果这所。白丽在令。法继合莎伊以丽女亨曾，承一取时母莎伊博了，林妮案法年 或，八 引姻 继为也。承“命正项除中继丽伊将法通国六 于承，治世 , . , : 法承的 立用 力权继时姐个使继第又者法合被公伊法继第被 , 名的叛冠的绝法叛 据力权无及令认宣令下，有要案这为宣丽儿生所的与国任正成宣亨生博和世亨公丽的尚 , , , 是为该，的是十三每法历而过历那是为 期常它继 （继王 名式项法承了通 在国期治八 . ; .