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1、Marriage customs in China and western countriesIntroductionIn almost every kind of social culture, there will be wedding coustom. The form of wedding is changing constantly with the progress of the human society. So it seems that human beings have an innate need: The wedding will be between husband
2、and wife relationships publicly confirmed. Since ancient times, marriage is the first human relations. The more important for people is that through the complex and brilliant Marriage Customs. We can have a clearer understanding of human society is basic law. When talking about traditional Chinese w
3、edding, some people will think of the red tape like three Baidoa nine call. What about exotic Wedding Customs? Apart fromBridal Suite, churches, priests, there would not be too much impression. It is cultural differences that make Marriage Customs all over the world have so many significant differen
4、ces. Then these colorful Wedding Customs constitute a beautiful scenic route in human society.As China has joined the WTO, economic and culture communication with western countries is incresingly frequent. The world cnstantly accelerates pace of globalization economy and culture integrate in high sp
5、eed, western culture floods into China massivly and Chinese traditional etiquette have been impacted by western culture etiquette. How to protect the traditional Chinese etiquette and to discard the dross and integrate the western etiquette reasonably and effectively bacomes a topic need to be thoug
6、ht of and discussed, which made establishing a culture system which suits Chinese present society more wrgent. So I am trying to have a research on western culture and customs, in order to contribute to the society. Chaper1. Marriage customs in western countries1.1 Before marriage 1.11 Engagement ri
7、ngIn western countries, if the lovers want to get married, the boy should have to propose to the girl, and give her an engagement ring. The giving of an engagement ring was first practiced when the groom purchased his bride. By giving a token, such as a ring, he pledged to marry her in return for he
8、r dowry and social status, among other things. The tradition of giving a diamond began with the Italians. It was believed that diamonds were created from the flames of love and represented everlasting love. If the girl accepts the engagement ring, they are engaged.1.12 Tell their parentsAs soon as t
9、hey get engaged, they need to tell their parents. And then the girls parents will announce the engagement and the wedding. Traditionally, its the girls parents who take charge of the expense of the wedding mostly, and the boys parents are in charge of rehearsal and some other things. The rehearsal i
10、s played one or two days before the wedding ceremony, ang it means to make everyone who will attend the ceremony familiar with the process of it.1.13 Invitation and preparing presentSeveral weeks before the wedding ceremony, the relatives and friends will receive the invitations, and if you receive
11、one, you must prepare a suit of formal dress. As a lady, you need a gown, and as a gentleman you need a tuxedo. Meanwhile, you need prepare some present for the new couple. Its no need of high price, something useful will do, such as a vase, a set of teacups, and so on. That will be great if you kno
12、w what the bride or the groom likes.1.14 The rowdy bachelor partiesThe rowdy bachelor parties were the invention of the Spartan Soldiers. It became customary for the groom to feast with his friends the night before the wedding, often celebrating his last night of freedom by getting severely drunk (n
13、ot much has changed it seems). In modern times, women have decided they also want their night of fun, so now it is traditional for women to have Stagette or Bachelorette parties as well.1.2 On wedding day1.21 Dressing of the brideUp until the 1400s, the bride usually wore her best dress regardless o
14、f the color. It was Queen Victoria who began the present day fashion of wearing white as the wedding dress. In Bible, the combination of the man and woman is considered to be saintly. It means the start of the procreating. So it must use white to decorate it. Thus in western countries, the bride wea
15、rs white dress and take white lily and also with white glove. 1.22 The bridesmaids and ushersThe idea of having bridesmaids, pages, a best man and ushers origins from the belief that evil spirits, envious of the couples happiness that would be out to harm the bride and groom will be confused by so m
16、any similarly dressed people. The custom of the best man probably goes back to the days when the groom took a friend with him when he went to kidnap the bride from her home. Bells were originally rung at weddings to frighten away the evil spirits, and noisy celebrations were held beforehand to try a
17、nd drive them from the community. These were the ancestors of our stag and hen parties.1.23 The main process off the wedding dayFirst the groom will take the brides hand from the brides father, and then he will uncover the veil of the bride. Later the priest will pray for then and the will follow pr
18、iest to say like this: I (Tom/Susan), take thee (Susan/Tom)to my wedded wife/husband, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and cherish , till death us do apart, according to Gods holy ordinance; and thereto I plig
19、ht thee my troth.(quote)Then they will wear the ring for each other, and the groom will kiss the bride, The Wedding Kiss dates back to Roman times. The kiss was to seal the marriage legally between the couple and must be witnessed by another person. After the kiss, they will go out of the church and
20、 have a party. Usually the new couples will go to have a honeymoon later that day.Chaper2. Marriage customs in ChinaChinese marriage was systemized into custom during the Warring States period. Due to the vast expansion and long history, there are different customs that are followed in different pla
21、ces, although they are generally the same. We can still get chances to witness traditional marriages in the countryside. (Quote)Compare to the western marriage customs, here will display the old Chinese ones and the difference between them. Chapter3. The reason of the impactChinese marriage customs
22、have changed in many aspects, and its more and more similar to the western ones. There are many elements which made Western marriage customs have impact on Chinese marriage customs.Chapter4. The changes western wedding brings to China4.1 Western weddingWestern wedding is romantic. The entire wedding
23、 is full of romantic from the beginning to the end. The brides dress is generally white, and the grooms is black, which make the whole wedding serious and solemn. Holding the wedding ceremony in the church is the most important link in the entire wedding. First, the bride comes to the groom holding
24、her fathers hand to the wedding march rhythm. Then her father delivered her to the hands of the groom, and pastor will ask the bride and groom make a lifelong promise to each other, which is the climax of the whole wedding. Then they will exchange the wedding rings and kiss each other in the blessin
25、g of the priests and guests. The flowers ball in the brides hands is not an ordinary furnishing. At the end of the wedding, the bride would throw it to the female guests arrived at the scene, the one who received the flowers is the next person to get married. Then the wedding comes to the end in the
26、 laugh of the guests. ConclusionThe differences between Chinese and Western marriage relates directly to the differences of ideology and thinking. Chinese people are more conservative, and they like liveness, so therere not many changes on the wedding customs through a period of housands of years of
27、 time. After the introduction of modern Western culture, Chinas traditional culture began to transform to the West. But to a large extent Chinas wedding customs are still maintained a traditional style. Wedding stress ostentation and a series of premarital courtesy is most dazzling. But The Western
28、wedding customs is romantic, and the wedding ceremony lays stress on the courtesy rather than ostentation. Pre-marriage rites are not so complexe. Everything is going on under a relaxed atmosphere. Culture also applys in the law of survival of the fittest. In the process of globalization today, the
29、culture which is not suitable for development of the times in every country will be impacted by other advanced culture, shrinking or even disappearing, which is a normal phenomenon. If you do not have no courage to admite being backward and absorb in a good cultural absorption, how can you exceed ot
30、her countries and create a higher and more advanced culture? We should dare to embrace the advanced culture that is suitable for the development, and to abandon the bad and outdated culture, no matter the culture is Chinese or foreign. We should hold an attitude of “The sea contains every river, and
31、 the greatness contains everything, discard the dross and select the essential” towards culture.生命列车The Train Of Life1. 不久以前，我读了一本书。书中把人生比作一次旅行。2. 人生一世，就好比是一次搭车旅行，要经历无数次上车、下车; 时常有事故发生; 有时是意外惊喜，有时却是刻骨铭心的悲伤 3. 降生人世，我们就坐上了生命列车。我们以为我们最先见到的那两个人-我们的父母，会在人生旅途中一直陪伴着我们。 4. 很遗憾，事实并非如此。他们会在某个车站下车，留下我们，孤独无助。他们的
32、爱、他们的情、他们不可替代的陪伴，再也无从寻找。 5. 尽管如此，还会有其他人上车。他们当中的一些人将对我们有着特殊的意义。 6. 他们之中有我们的兄弟姐妹, 有我们的亲朋好友。我们还将会体验千古不朽的爱情故事。7. 坐同一班车的人当中，有的轻松旅行。8. 有的却带着深深的悲哀 还有的,在列车上四处奔忙，随时准备帮助有需要的人 9. 很多人下车后，其他旅客对他们的回忆历久弥新 但是，也有一些人，当他们离开座位时，却没有人察觉。10. 有时候，对你来说情深义重的旅伴却坐到了另一节车厢。你只得远离他，继续你的旅程。11. 当然，在旅途中，你也可以摇摇晃晃地穿过自己的车厢，去别的车厢找他 12. 可
33、惜，你再也无法坐在他身旁，因为这个位置已经让别人给占了 .13. 没关系。旅途充满挑战、梦想、希望、离别 就是不能回头。因此，尽量使旅途愉快吧！14. 善待旅途上遇见的所有旅客，找出人们身上的闪光点。15. 永远记住，在某一段旅程中，有人会犹豫彷徨，因为我们自己也会犹豫彷徨。16. 我们要理解他人，因为我们需要他人的理解。17. 生命之谜就是：我们在什么地方下车？坐在身旁的伴侣在什么地方下车？我们的朋友在什么地方下车？我们无从知晓 18. 我时常这样想：到我该下车的时候，我会留恋吗？我想我还是会的。和我的朋友分离，我会痛苦。让我的孩子孤独地前行，我会悲伤。 我执著地希望在我们大家都要到达的那个
34、终点站，我们还会相聚 19. 我的孩子们上车时没有什么行李，如果我能在他们的行囊中留下美好的回忆，我会感到幸福。20. 我下车后，和我同行的旅客都还能记得我，想念我，我将感到快慰。21. 献给你, 我生命列车上的同行者, 祝您旅途愉快!1. Not long ago, I read a book, in which a mans life was compared to a journey.2. The life of a man is just like a hitchhiking，during which many times we go up and down. Now and then
35、 things will happen accidently, some of which are to be unexpected excitement，while some heart-breaking sorrows. 3. When first embraced the world，we are already on the train of life. We take it for granted that the first two persons, our parents, whom we are encountered with, will accompany us all t
36、he way.4. Sadly，things do not go on as we thought.Our parents will get off the train at a certain station，leaving us, bereft and helpless.Their love and emotion to us and their irreplaceable company can be found in nowhere.5. However，there will be somebody else who will get on the train. Some of the
37、m will have special meaning to us.6. Some of them may be our siblings , relatives and friends, and we will also expereince the imperishable love.7. Some of our travelling companions are quite light-hearted on the way.8. While some may bear immense sorrow.Still some ,back and forth, are ready to hold
38、 out their hands for others who need help.9. Some people alight off the train, yet they are still kept in the mind of the other passengers for long;some, to the opposite, leave their seats without being noticed.10. Sometimes, the one,who is dear to your heart, has huddled into another carriage. Noth
39、ing but one you can do is just to keep on going, far away from him.11. Of course, during the journey, you may stagger to another carriage to look for him.12. Its a pity that you will never seat yourself beside him because the seat has been engaged by others. 13. Never mind. The journey is full of ch
40、allenges,dreams, hopes and departures- but only one thing is that you cant turn back. So, have a good journey with heart and soul.14. Show your good-will to all the passengers you are encountered with, and find the merits of theirs.15. Remeber that someone may oscillate just as we do in the journey.
41、16. We should understand others just as we need others understanding.17. The enigma of life is：Where shall we get off the train of life?And how about the companions beside us?And our friends?We dont know.18. Sometimes I think：When my time comes to get off the train，shall I miss it？I think I will.It
42、is a suffering when I part with my friends.I will be sorry for leaving my kids going alone.I firmly hold that when we get to the terminal，we will have another reunion.19. When my kids get on the train of life, they have only little luggage in their travelling bags. However,if I can leave the beautiful memory in them,I will be happy. 20. After getting off the train of life, I will be content if my fellow passengers will remember me and miss me.21. To you , the companions on my train of life.May you have a good journey!8
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