中考英语动词时态、语态、(PPT课件)总结.ppt

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1、2015中考复习一般过去时一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )一般现在时一般现在时 ( The Simple Present tense 一般将来时一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense )现在进行时现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense)过去进行时过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)现在完成时现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense) 过去完成时过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense)过去将来时过去将来时(The Simple Past Futu

2、re Tense) 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成：一般现在时的谓语构成：1、be动词：动词：am/is/are 2、行为动词：、行为动词： A：动词原形：动词原形 B：动词：动词+-s (主语为单三主语为单三)一般现在时的用法：一般现在时的用法： 1.经常发生经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。客观事实或普遍真理。3.If ; as soon as;not until 等引导的状等引导的状语从句。语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时 的从句。的从句。常与下列时间状语连用：常与下列时间状语连用：of

3、ten, usually , always, sometimes everyday / week / Sunday2016实战演练实战演练1.Jim usually _(have) lunch at home, but sometimes he _ (have) it at school.2.Ill tell him the news as soon as he _(come) back.3. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, well go to the zoo.4. Dont get off the bus until it_ (stop).5. You may g

4、o out to play when you _(finish) your homework.hashascomesdoesnt rainstopsfinish6. The teacher told us that the earth _(travel) round the sun.7. -Do you know if we _(go) to the cinema tomorrow? -I think well go if we _ (not have) too much homework.8. She watches TV twice a week. _ _ does she watch T

5、V? travels will go dont have How often 9. Jim has lunch at home everyday. (否定句否定句) Jim _ _ lunch at home everyday.10. He does his homework every day. (一般疑问句一般疑问句)_he _ his homework every day?11. He has few friends, _ _ ? (反意疑问句反意疑问句) doesnt haveDoes do does he二、现在进行时二、现在进行时现在进行时的谓语构成：现在进行时的谓语构成： am/

6、is/are +动词动词ing 现在进行时的用法：现在进行时的用法：表示说表示说 话时或现阶段正在进行或发话时或现阶段正在进行或发 生的动作，生的动作，常与时间状语常与时间状语now, this week, these days 等连用。另外，我们还要注意等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：句中的隐含条件（如：look, listen, Its nine oclock等）。如：等）。如：Look !The students are doing their homework.Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.Dont go out

7、 ! Its raining hard outside.有些动词如有些动词如come, go, leave, begin, 等的现在进行时可以表示等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作预定的或即将发生的动作,句中句中常有表示将来的状语常有表示将来的状语:Im leaving on Sunday morning.Jim is coming here this evening.2016实战演练实战演练1.Look! Some children _ (play) football on the playground.2.Listen ! Someone _ (play) the piano i

8、n the room.3.The students of Class Two _ (work) on the farm now.4.Be quiet ! Your father_ (sleep).5.Dont go out ! It _ (rain ) hard outside.are playingis playingare workingis sleepingis raining三、一般过去时三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成：一般过去时的构成： 动词的过去式动词的过去式一般过去时的用法：一般过去时的用法： 表示过去发生的动作或状态表示过去发生的动作或状态.用于一般过去时的时间状语有用于一般过

9、去时的时间状语有:yesterday, yesterday / morning/afternoon/evening, last night / week / month / Sunday / just now , half an hour ago等。等。have a meeting, yesterdayWe had a meeting yesterday.give a concert, last monthJay gave a concert last month. join WTO , in 2001China joined WTO in 2001.get married , in 1999

10、They got married in 1999. visit Canada,last ThursdayHe visited Canada last Thursday.die , December 9He died in Shanghai on Dec.9.2016实战演练实战演练1. _ you _a good time last Sunday?2. The headmaster _ (not say) anything at the meeting yesterday.3. Have you ever been there? Yes, I _ (go) there last spring.

11、4.Lily_ (fall) off her bike and _ (hurt) herself last Monday afternoon. Did have didnt saywentfell hurt5. Its a long time since we _ last. A. meet B. met C. will met D. have met6. -Have you ever been to the Great Wall ? - Yes, I _ there last spring. A. go B. have gone C. will go D. wentBD5. Mr. Li i

12、nvited her to the party.（改为一般疑问句（改为一般疑问句） _Mr. Li _her to the party?6 They asked the teacher a question. （改为否定句）（改为否定句） They_ _the teacher a question.Didinvitedidnt ask8. Tom watched TV for two hours. (对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问） _ _ _Tom _TV?9. She helped me do some cleaning. (对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问） _ _She _ you_ ?

13、How long did watchWhat did helpdo四、一般将来时四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成：、一般将来时的构成： 1）will + 动词原形动词原形 2）am(is,are) going to +动词原形动词原形 3）常用）常用be doing表示将来的动词表示将来的动词go come leave stay，start，begin等例如：等例如：we are leaving for london 4）be about to+V原和原和be to+V原表示即将发生的动作原表示即将发生的动作 The train is about to start。 she is to be

14、 married next month。2、一般将来时的用法：、一般将来时的用法：一般将来时表示将要一般将来时表示将要 发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时 间状语连用。如间状语连用。如: tomorrow, today, tonight , next spring/ week/ month/ year下面几种情况只用will/shall 表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时 Will you please lend me your bike？ we will help him if he asks us 表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和

15、判断无关时 The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow moring2016实战演练实战演练1. There_ (be) an English film on TV tonight.2. _we_( go) to the park next Sunday?当主语是当主语是i，we时疑问句一般用时疑问句一般用shall表示征表示征求对方意见求对方意见3. He _ (not go) home until he finishes his homework.4.What _ you _(do) next Sunday?5. I _ ( be) free tomorrow m

16、orning. will beShall gowont gowill doWill be6.There is going to _ a meeting next week. A. be B. have C. is D. has7.-I dont know if it _ tomorrow. -If it _, well stay at home. A. will rain ; rains B. rains ; rains C. will rain ; will rain D. rains ; will rain AA 五、过去进行时五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成：、过去进行时的构成： wa

17、s/were + 现在分词现在分词2、过去进行时的用法：、过去进行时的用法： 过去进行时表示过去某一过去进行时表示过去某一 时刻正在进行的动作，时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有：1)at this time last night, at 9:00 yesterday；from seven to nine；yesterday, last year, yesterday morning 2)含有含有when和和while引导的时间状语引导的时间状语主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生，且进行时间较长主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生，且进行时间较长时，主句用过去进行时从句用一般过去时时，

18、主句用过去进行时从句用一般过去时The boy was walking down the street when the earthquake happened从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时，且进行的时从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时When he was playing ，all of us sat still and listened若主从句动作同时进行时，从句一般用若主从句动作同时进行时，从句一般用while引导引导He was reading a newspaper while I

19、 was watching TV 过去进行时态常与过去进行时态常与alwaysalways等表频率的等表频率的副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩情色彩Alice was always changing her Alice was always changing her mindmind He was drawing an elephant on the blackboard when the teacher came in.2015实战演练实战演练1. We_( watch) TV wh

20、en he came to see us.2. I _ ( draw) a picture at this time yesterday morning.3. What _ you _ (do) when the teacher came in ?4. While we _ (talk), the teacher came in. were watchingwas watchingwere doingwere talking助动词助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 注：注：has 用于第三人称单数，用于第三人称单数，have 用用 于其他所有人称。于其他所有人称。 （

21、1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词时间副词just ，already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。等状语连用。 （2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。 如

22、如:for 时间段和时间段和since时间点或时间壮语从句，以及时间点或时间壮语从句，以及 so far 等。等。 She has learnt English for 3 years.They have lived here since 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如如come , go , die , join, , buy等等的完成时不能与的完成时不能与for, since等表等表示一段时间的短语连用。示一段时间的短语连用。 have / has been (to) 表示表示“曾曾经经 去过去过”某地某地,说话时此人很可说话时此人很可能能 不在那里不

23、在那里,已经回来。侧重指已经回来。侧重指 经历。经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人表示某人 “已经去了已经去了”某地，说话时某地，说话时此此 人在那里，或可能在路上，反人在那里，或可能在路上，反 正不在这里。正不在这里。 将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有： buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold get to know know join

24、the Party be a Party member短暂性动词与延续性动词短暂性动词与延续性动词leave be away (from) die be deadbegin be on come here be herefall asleep be asleep join the Army be in the Armycome to work / live work / live begin to study/ teach study/teachB. 把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为 表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时成时改为

25、过去时 He came here three months ago.C.用用 “It is/ has been +一段时间一段时间 +since (一般过去时一般过去时)”结构。结构。 It is/ has been three months since he came here.D. 用用“多长时间多长时间+has passed + since(一般过去时一般过去时)”结构：结构： Three months has passed since he came here.(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能 和和how long连用。如：连用。如： 误：误：How

26、long have you borrow the book? 正：正：How long have you kept the book? 正：正：When did you borrow the book?典型题例典型题例1. _ you ever_ (eat) Beijing duck?2. I wont go to the cinema this Sunday because I _(see) it already.3. Wheres Jim? He _ (go) to England.4. My father _ ( be) to Beijing many times.5. Mr. Gree

27、n _(work) here since 1989.6. We _(know) each other for a year.Have eatenhave seenhas gonehas beenhas workedhave known7. Its a long time since we _ (meet) last.8. We have been here for four years. (同义句同义句) We _ here four years _.9. Its five years since my grandfather died. (同义句同义句) My father has _ _

28、for five years.10. My brother has been a soldier for two years.(同义句同义句) My father _ _ _ two years ago.met came agobeen deadjoined the army1、概念：表示过去的过去。、概念：表示过去的过去。2、过去完成时的用法：、过去完成时的用法：（1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用句中常用by, before, until, when等词等词引导的时间状语。引导的时间状语。B

29、y the end of last year we had built five new houses.I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示）过去完成时的动词还可以表示 过去某一时刻之前发生的动作过去某一时刻之前发生的动作 或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者状态持续到过去某个时间 或者持续下去。或者持续下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.2015实战演练实战演练1.When I got there, the bus_ already

30、_(go).2. The film _(be) on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.3. We _ (learn) about 1,000 new English words by the end of last term.4. By the time we got there , the train _ (leave).had gonehad beenhad learnthad left过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过

31、去某时，一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。就要用这一时态。 would should 动词原形（其中动词原形（其中 would 用于各用于各 种人称，种人称， should 常用于第一人常用于第一人 称）。称）。例如：例如： They were sure they would win the final victory 他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。 He said it was going to rain 他说天要下雨了。他说天要下雨了。 I didnt know when they were

32、coming again 我不知道他们什么时候再来。我不知道他们什么时候再来。 1.Miss Chen _ us English last term. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. had taught 典型例题解析典型例题解析B2. Excuse me. Look at the sign NO PHOTOS! Sorry, I _it. A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see B3.My mother _the windows already, so the room looks m

33、uch brighter. A. has cleaned B. had cleaned C. is cleaning D. will cleanA 4.He_this pen for five years. He _it in 1997. A. has bought, bought. B. bought, bought C. has kept, has bought D. has had, boughtDD 5.-Peter, could you come and help me in the kitchen, please? -Sorry, mum, I _ Lily with her En

34、glish. A. help B. helped C. have helped D. am helping 6.When will you tell him the good news? I will tell him about it as soon as he _back.当主句是一般将来时，在当主句是一般将来时，在if，as soon as ，until，when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表示一般将来时等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表示一般将来时 A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming A7.I don t know if my frie

35、nd _.If he _,Ill let you know. A. comes, comes B. comes, will come C. will come, comes D. will come, will come8.John said he_ supper. He was quite full. A. had had B. was haring C. had D. has eaten CA9.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A. are going to be B. are going to have C. is going to be D

36、. will have10.It_3 years since I _ to No.1 Middle School. A. is, come B. is, have come C. was, came D. is, cameAD.用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.My brother isnt at home now. He _(go) to Beijing. He _ (be) there many times. He _ (not be) back until next week.2.When I got home, my mother _ (go) out for a

37、 walk.has gonehas beenwont behad gone3.He_(finish)his composition just now.4.By the end of last month, we _ (learn) ten English songs.5. _she _(do) morning exercises every day? finished had learnt Does do 6.Our country _ (change) a lot since 1982.9.Listen!Someone_ (sing)in the next room.10.Our teach

38、er told us the earth _(go) around the sun. has changedis singing goes How did you spend your childhood?(3 sentences or more,使用实意动词使用实意动词和系动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化注意动词形式变化)Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so

39、much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time. spentplayed didntwere1 一般过去时一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )1.结构结构: 谓动用动词过去式谓动用动词过去式2.用法用法: 在在过去时间里所发生过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。等。How is your daily life as a high

40、 school student?(3 sentences or more,使用实意动词和系动词使用实意动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化注意动词形式变化)二二. 一般现在时一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite )1.结构结构:主语为主语为第三人称单数第三人称单数,谓动要变化谓动要变化,其其余人称用原形余人称用原形. I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.2. 用法用法:1) 经常性或习惯性经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示

41、频率的时的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如间状语连用，如often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。2)表示不受时间限制的表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理科学事实或客观真理。The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示已表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作的动作或存在的状态或存在的状态, 一般用于一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等动词中，常与时等动词中，常与时间状语连用如：间状语连用如：The meetin

42、g starts at 2:00 p.m.过去将来时过去将来时(The past future simple Tense)1. 用法用法: 过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用于宾语从句常用于宾语从句中中.2.结构结构: 1)Should / would+动词原形动词原形The boy promised he would work hard.I told my parents I should return early.2).其他形式其他形式 was (were) going to was (were)

43、 to +动词原形动词原形 was (were) about to犹如 pictureHow will you spend your Spring Festival holiday?I willIm going to三三. 一般将来时一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense )1. will / be going to do2. be +to do，按，按计划或正式安排计划或正式安排将发生的事。将发生的事。We are to have an exam this week.3. be about to do, 表示表示马上做某事马上做某事, 不能与明确不能与明确表示将来的时间

44、状语连用表示将来的时间状语连用.He is about to leave for Beijing.What are they doing now?They are having a class.四四. 现在进行时现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense)2. 用法：用法：1) 表示表示现在现在( 指说话时指说话时)正在发生正在发生的事情。的事情。We are having English class now.2) 表示表示目前这段时间内目前这段时间内正在进行的动作正在进行的动作,但说但说话时动作未必正在进行。话时动作未必正在进行。She is learning pi

45、ano under Mr. Smith.1.结构结构: be (am, are, is)+ doing3) 现在进行时用来表示现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的按计划即将发生的动作动作,多用于表示多用于表示移动移动的动词的动词,如如: come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay.I m leaving tomorrow.Are you staying here till next week?On August 8, 2008, the 29th Olimpic Games was opening in Beijing.What were you doing on

46、that day?被动语态被动语态(Passive Voice)Sentence structure: be + done(pp.) 1.(一般现在时被动式一般现在时被动式) am/is/are +done 2.(一般过去时被动式一般过去时被动式) was /were + done 3.(现在完成时被动式现在完成时被动式) have/has +been +done 4.(一般将来时被动式一般将来时被动式) shall/will+be +done 5.(情态动词被动式情态动词被动式) can/may/must/should+ be+done 6.(现在进行时被动式现在进行时被动式) am/is/

47、are/+being+done 7.(过去进行时被动式过去进行时被动式) was/were+being+ done 走进走进2015中考中考1. -These bananas look different and they are sweet. - Right. They _ here from Taiwan yesterday. A. was brought B. were brought C. bring D. are broughtB2.-Susan, why are you still here? they are all ready to start. -Im sorry, but

48、I _ when to start. A. dont tell B. didnt tell C. havent told D. wasnt told3. The flowers _ everyday , or they will die. A. must water B. can be water C. should water D. must be watered DD4. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital. A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken5.

49、 Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _? A. built B. was built C. has built D. has been builtDB6. -How clean your classroom is ! - Thank you. It _ every day. A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. was cleaning D. is cleaning7. -The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious. -Y

50、es, something _ with it. A. has done B. must be done C. is doing D. was doneAB8.-Whats wrong with you ? -I _ by a car yesterday. A. was hit B. hit C. is hit D. hits9.You may go out to play when your homework _.A. does B. is done C. was done D. did10.We _ by Class 2 yesterday. A. beat B. beaten C. we