语法填空模块练习.docx

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date语法填空模块练习语法填空模块练习英语语法填空专题训练一一、广东高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。知识点分布动词（含非谓语）形容词连词介词代词冠词名词20093012211201023211102011222121020122231110根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和

2、连词等四类词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。解题高招1. 通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。2. 结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：(1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据

3、两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：例I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second.解析：and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it。技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如：例It is said tha

4、t a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _33_rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考)解析：名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his。例the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers awa

5、y where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考)解析：因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定语；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。例 who should have the honour of receiving me _33_ a guest in their house.解析：因a guest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表

6、示“当作”，用介词as。技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso _34_ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.解析：因与Pablo Picasso (毕加索)与Candido Portinari (坎迪多波尔蒂纳里)这两个名词之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，应填and。技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。例 He was very tired af

7、ter doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy解析：因He was very tired是一个句子，he felt very happy也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“干了一整天活累极了”与“感到非常高兴”是转折关系，故填but。技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。例What is acceptable in one country _3

8、1_be considered extremely rude in another.解析：句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由it isthat强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：例 and _40_was only after I heard she became sick that

9、I learned she couldnt eat MSG (味精)! (2007年广州一模)解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填it。(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。如：例 _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.解析：由can you expect to可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词only，因为“only +状语(with hard wor

10、k)”放在句首，句子要用倒装。(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：例Dating sites also make _36_easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.解析：由句式结构可知，to avoid是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。(4)so /suchthat句型。如：例 This made the goat so jealous _34_it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey.解析：由句式结构可知，这是sothat句型，应

11、填that。(5)morethan (与其说不如说，比更)句型。如：例Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _40_ how much he pays. (2007深圳宝安期末)解析：由句式结构可知，这是morethan句型，故填that。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心。(2) 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关

12、系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例His fear of failure _36_ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模)解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept。技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、e

13、d形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：例 but it is not enough only _35_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。 (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：例 _ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 解析：因句中已有谓语will have

14、 to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。(3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如：例 He saw the stone, _37_ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。 (4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要

15、用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用ing形式，是被动关系用ed形式。如：例 There will be a meeting, _40_ (start) later this year to review the film.解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。 (3)、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：例 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew dow

16、n from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。技巧11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：例 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work.解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：例 With the large numbers of

17、students, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：例 As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that (2008年深圳一模)解析：修饰动词looked，作状语，用副词，故填closely。技巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑

18、关系，在词根前加un, im等，在词根后加less等。如：例 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the office.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessary。技巧15：括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：例there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _34_ (attract) 解析：尽管att

19、ract是动词，但这是考查词类转换的；在句中作介词about的宾语，用名词，故填attraction。3. 重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。【课后巩固】Will _ matter if you dont take your breakfast? Recently a test _ (give) in the United Sates. Those tests included people of different _ from 12 to 83. During the expe

20、riment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got _ breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see _ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten _ certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with bet

21、ter effect _ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be _ (especial) true if a person works _ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with _ (much) attention in class.词数：166完成时间：8分钟难度：* According

22、 to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents. Nowadays, school violence is 31 hot issue. I think this is a phe

23、nomenon, 32 calls for our great concern. We should try every effort 33 (prevent) violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school 34 their personal safety could not 35 (guarantee). In fact, violence can 36 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 3

24、7 they see on television or on the Internet. If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence 38 violence, for it will result in 39 (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. All in all, every student should behave 40 (he) and keep away from violence.-