2022年高中英语UnitEnvironmentalProtection单元综合测评北师大版选修 .pdf

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1、1 Unit 22 Environmental Protection . 阅读理解 ( 共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分 ) ATrees are useful to man in three important ways: they give him wood and other useful things, they give him cool places, and they help to stop drought and flood. Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the thir

2、d of these points is the most important.Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had.And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees.So the forests slowly disappear. This does n

3、ot only mean that man will have fewer trees.The results are even worse: for where there are trees, their roots break up soilmake the rain inand also bind( 凝固 ) the soil, thus stopping it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away, causin

4、g floods and carrying away the rich top-soil.When all the topsoil is gone, nothing is left but useless desert. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们树木对人类有三种重要的用处，人类却不合理的对待树木以至于森林慢慢减少并且给人类带来洪涝干旱等灾害，同时文章也暗示我们要保护森林使其免遭大量的砍伐。1The most important points of trees to man is_. Athey help him to make money Bthey give him coo

5、l Cthey give him wood and other things Dthey help him to stop drought and floods 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段第一句Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the third of these points is the most important.可知树木对人类最重要的一点是他们能帮助人类阻止干旱和洪水。故选D。【答案】D 2In many places forests slowly disappear becau

6、se _. Amany trees have been cut down by man Bnew trees are not well looked after Cman has not paid enough attention to planting trees Dall the above 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段Man wants to make money from trees, so he has 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 15 页

7、 - - - - - - - - - 2 cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had.And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees.So the forests slowly disappear.描述可知选项A 、B、C都是人为的造成许多地方森林慢慢消失的原因。故选D。【答案】D 3Land becomes desert after all tre

8、es are cut down because_. Aroots of trees break up the soil Bthere are too many rainfalls Cstrong winds bring a lot of sand Dthere are no longer trees to keep the rain and protect the topsoil. 【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段描述可知当所有的树木被砍伐后陆地就会变成荒漠是因为再也没有树木保留住雨水和保护表层土壤。故选D。【答案】D 4Which title best fits the passage

9、? ATrees and Man BThe Function of Tree Wood CHow Do People Do with Trees? DThe Usage of Tree Roots 【解析】标题归纳题。 文章第一段讲树木对人类的用处，下面几段又讲人类是怎么不合理的对待树木的。所以本文最好的题目是树木和人类。故选A。【答案】A B(2016华南师大附中高二月考)There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some peopl

10、e believe that they cant help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths：Ill never lose weightI come from a fat familyWrong! While we cant change the body type we are born with, we cant blame our gene

11、s for making us fat.Theres plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercise too little. I am fat because I burn calories slowlyWrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism( 新陈代谢 ) If fact, although fat peopl

12、e consume more energy that slim people, they also fail to realize how much 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately. Exercise is boringWrong! A

13、nything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different route.If you do Yoga, try a taichi class.If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge. No pain, no

14、 gainWrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed, pain is your body telling you somethings wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and t

15、he aches should disappear relatively quickly.If you dont, rest and seek medical advice. 【语篇解读】本文旨在澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的几个认识上的误区。作者告诉我们：“肥胖与遗传无关；肥胖不是因为新陈代谢缓慢；运动可以是有趣的；运动不以疼痛为代价”。5What does the author think about being fat? AIt is the family genes that make people fat. BPeople are fat because they consume too

16、little energy. CA diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat. DIt is the consequence of peoples unbalanced lifestyle. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercise too little”可知，人们肥胖的主要原因是生活方式的不平衡，表现为吃得太多而运动太少。故选D。【答案】D 6Accordi

17、ng to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting? ABy taking varied exercise. BBy choosing simple exercise. CBy doing regular exercise. DBy sticking to outdoor exercise. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“The key is to develop a balanced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive.”可知，多样化的运动可使运动变

18、得有趣。故选A。【答案】A 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 7What is the authors opinion about “No pain, no gain” in exercising?AKeeping fit is essentially a painful experience. BExercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt. C

19、Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal. DGetting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body. 【解析】推理判断题。 根据最后一段的句子“ Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed, pain is your body telling you somethings wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.”作者认为运动只会带来轻微的“

20、不适”，“疼痛”是生病的征兆，继续运动会造成严重损伤。故疼痛持续，应停止运动。故选B。【答案】B 8What is the purpose of the passage? ATo declare the importance of keeping fit. BTo clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise. CTo confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit. DTo explain some medical facts about being fat and d

21、oing exercise. 【解析】写作意图题。 根据第一段的句子“ There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.”可知，作者写本文是为了指出人们关于肥胖和运动的认识误区。故选B 。【答案】B CWhen Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a copper smelter ( 炼铜厂 ), and the chemicals that poured o

22、ut had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest.One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area.Paul knocked him down.From then on, something happened inside him. Years later Paul was back in the area, and he went to the smelter office.He asked if they

23、had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back.The answer from that big industry was “No ”Paul then went to college to study the science of plants.Unfortunately, his teachers said there werent any birds or squirrels to spread the seeds.It would be a waste of his life to try to do

24、 it.Everyone knew that, he was told.Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldnt get his idea accepted. Paul later got married but his dream would not die.And then one night he did what he could with what he had.As Samuel Johnson wrote, “It is common to overlook what is near by keepin

25、g the eye fixed on something remote.Attainable good is often 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.

26、And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass.For fifteen years he did this against the_plain_common_sense.Slowly rabbits appeared.Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doi

27、ng. Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and bushes, and Paul has received almost every environmental award Utah has.It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow (誓言 ) he made to himself as a child. 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的就是Paul 用自己的毅力实现了自己的理想，让一块污

28、染之地成为了绿洲。9When Paul was a boy, _. Ahe had decided never to leave his hometown Bthe economy of Utah depended wholly on the copper smelter Che hit a young visitor because of his comments on the wasteland Dhe stopped the copper smelter polluting the area 【解析】综合判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Paul 小时住在炼铜厂附近，深受其害( 动物没了，树木

29、少了) ，从小就立志改变这种状况，所以他几年后就到工厂去，询问工厂是否制定计划植树或让他植树，但工厂拒绝了。这就说明当时还没有环境保护法。D选项的时态错误。【答案】C 10Paul went to college to study the science of plants, because _. Ahe wanted to find out the best way to save the area himself Bhe was interested in planting trees since he was young Che wanted to get more knowledgea

30、ble people to help him Dhe thought his knowledge would make his advice more convincing 【解析】推理判断题。从第二段中Paul 没有说服工厂植树，树立环保意识可知，他认为知识会使他的建议更有说服力，故选D项。【答案】D 11What does the underlined phrase “the plain common sense” probably mean? AIt was impossible for trees to grow on the wasteland. BHis normal work a

31、nd life would be greatly affected. CNo one would like to join him in the efforts. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 DHe had to keep everything he did secret. 【解析】词义猜测题。从短语的上下文可知Paul 每天秘密地去那片荒地植树。这么做是明知道荒地上种不了树，还这么做。【答案】A 12

32、The company hired Paul to plant trees and grass because_. Athey realized the importance of environmental protection Bwhat Paul was doing moved them CPaul persuaded them to help him Dthey had legal pressure 【解析】细节推断题。 根据倒数第二段最后一句Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the comp

33、any actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing. 可知由于法律上的压力，故选D项。【答案】D DVery soon a computer will be able to teach you English.It will also be able to translate any language for you，too.Its just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors those tiny parts of a computer c

34、ommonly known as “silicon chips” So give up going to classes, stop buying more textbooks and relax.In a couple of years you wont need the international language of English. Already Texas Instruments in the United States is developing an electronic translation machine.Imagine a Spanish secretary, for

35、 example, who wants to type a letter from the boss to a businessman in Sweden.All he or she will have to do is this: first type the letter in Spanish.The letter will appear on a television screen.After a few seconds the translated letter will appear on another television screen in Stockholm in perfe

36、ct Swedish. And thats not all.Soon a computer will be able to teach you English, if you really want to learn the language.Youll sit in front of a television screen and practice endless structures.The computer will tell you when you are correct and when you are wrong.It will even talk to you because

37、the silicon chips can change electrical impulses into sounds.And clever programmers can predict the responses you, the learner, are likely to make. So think of it.You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace.You will waste very little time，and you can work at home.And if after all that，you st

38、ill cant 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 speak English ， you can always use the translating machine.In a few years ，therefore，perhaps there will be no need for BBC Modern English，or BBC English by Radio programmesno more

39、textbooks or teachers of English.Instead of buying an exciting new textbook ，the computer will ask you to replace it with a microprocessor.Fast，reliable and efficient language learning and translating facilities will be available to you.Think of that，no more tears or embarrassing moments.One little

40、problem is that a computer cant laugh yet but the scientists are working on it.Happy learning! 【语篇解读】文章介绍了一款新型电脑，既能学语言又能翻译多种语言。13According to the writer, “you wont need the international language of English ” because _. Alearning English will no longer be a difficult task Btextbooks are no longer ne

41、cessary Cits better to buy a computer than to go to classes Dthe computer will be able to translate any language for you 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English.It will also be able to translate any language for you，too. 和 Its just one more incredible result of the deve

42、lopment of microprocessors.可知电脑能教给英语还能翻译多种语言，故选D。【答案】D 14You will _ if you use a computer to learn the language. Awaste much of your time Bspeak better English Cneed no translating machine Ddo everything at your own pace 【解析】细节推理题。根据最后一段You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace.You will wa

43、ste very little time ，and you can work at home.And if after all that ，you still cant speak English，you can always use the translating machine.可知你可以按自己的节奏安排活动，故选D。【答案】D 15This passage is mainly about _. Asomeone who learns English with the help of a computer Bthe computer teaching the language Cfast,

44、 reliable and efficient language learning 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 Dwhat language learning could be like when computerized 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English.It will also be able

45、to translate any language for you，too.Its just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessorsthose tiny parts of a computer commonly known as “silicon chips”可知怎样利用电脑来学语言和运用语言， D项是正确的。【答案】D . 阅读填句 ( 共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满分 10 分) _16_Sometimes they try to get out of a class to escape a teac

46、her they dont like.Here is some advice to solve this problem. Ask yourself, “What can I learn from this teacher ？” Even if you dont worship ( 崇拜 ) his or her personality or lectures, dig deep until you find a subject in which he or she is very knowledgeable.Focus on that part of the teachers persona

47、lity, and use him or her as a tool for learning.Not only will you gain more knowledge in that subject, but a closer relationship with your teacher may help you understand one another better._17_ Talk to students who are doing well in the class and ask them for tips, tools, and a plan of action to ge

48、t along with the teacher better._18_ If you still cant get along, make an appointment with the school guidance counselor (辅导员 ) He or she will offer many tips and suggestions for you to get out of difficult teacher relationships._19_That means they can help you and your teachers get rid of the bad i

49、mpression on each other. _20_Your parents can meet with your teacher and try to work it out. Teachers are there for more than just homework, and they know about more than just their subject matter.They can help you learn how to function as an adult and a lifelong learner. Undoubtedly, these will be

50、a few teachers along the way who you will always remember and who might change your life forever. AIf your relationship problems cant be solved in school, then its time to tell your parents or guardians. BIf youre too shy to talk to another student, study his or her actions and behaviors in the clas