2022年情态动词must_can_could_may_might表推测的用法 .pdf

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1、情态动词 must, can, could, may, might 表推测的用法：情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might 都表推测。其中must 的可能性最大，can / could次之， may / might 最小。具体用法如下：1. must 的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。（2）must 表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用cant,如询问某种可能时，应

2、用can。He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。 （一定）He cant know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must 表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom. （正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have finished the work. （过

3、去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must 表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用 He must come tomorrow. 可用 Its certain / Im sure that he will come tomorrow. （4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must 时，疑问部分的助动词应与must 后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker, isnt he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night, didnt it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？You must have

4、learned English for many years, havent you? （ 完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2. can / could 的用法（1）can 表示推测 “可能性” 时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Cant“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。He cant be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。（2）can /cant 后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。They cant be reading in the library. 他们

5、一定不在图书馆读书。He cant have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。Its so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的cant 时，疑问部分的助动词应与cant 后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致. He cant be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？She cant have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业，

6、是不是？（4）could 可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。Dont eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - （5）could 还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me, could you tell me the way t

7、o the bus station? Could you help me? （6）couldnt 表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldnt possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。You couldnt be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。I couldnt be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。3. may 和 might 的用法（1） may, might 表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有must 肯定。He may

8、 / might be American. = It is possible that he is American. 他可能是个美国人。注： might 不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may 更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2）may, might 表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。（3）may, might 可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not b

9、e watching TV at home. （现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before. （过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。（4）may, might 还可以推测将来的情况。I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。Exercises: Complete the sentences using“must”

10、or“ cant”. 1. I have tried to call him at the office, but there is no reply. He be at home. 2. They have bought a new car. They have a lot of money. 3. She is carrying a Japanese newspaper. She be Chinese. 4. He goes abroad a lot, He have an important job. 5. She is a professor at the university. Sh

11、e be very clever. 6. She is acting in a Shakespeare play tomorrow. She be an actress. 一. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences: 1. I thought you like something to read. So I have brought you some books. A. ought B. might C. could D. must 2. That man must be Sarahs husband. -No,

12、 he be her husband. She is still single. A. cant B. mustnt C. may not D. ought to 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 3. Peter come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure. A. must B. may C. can D. will 4. What it be? -It be a ma

13、il box, for it is moving. It be a car. A. can; cant; must B. can; can; must C. can; mustnt; must D. must; mustnt; can 5. Look, someone is coming. Guess . -Jack. Hes always on time. A. who can it be B. who he may C. who he can be D. who it can be 6. I saw Mary in the library yesterday. -You her. She

14、is still abroad. A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see 7. David, you play with the valuable bottle, you break it. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt 8. Susan refuses to marry Jack now. She her mind. A. must change B. should have changed C. m

15、ust have changed D. would have changed 9. Sue come together with us tonight, but she isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. need D. will 10. Aunt Margaret the rain, otherwise she would have arrived here by now. A. must have missed B. should have missed C. had missed D. might miss 二. Fill in the blank

16、s using must / can / could / may / might and their negative forms. 1. Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course you . 2. She doesnt answer the bell. She be asleep. 3. The ground is wet. It have rained last night. 4. He is writing with a pencil. He have lost his pen. 5. A computer think for its

17、elf, it be told what to do. 6. There is much gas here, you smoke here. 7. Was he present at the meeting? -He not have attended it, for he was busy repairing his car all the time. 8. Look! An old man is lying in the middle of the street. He be hurt in an accident. 9. Nobody saw her at the meeting yesterday, she have spoken at the meeting 10. My goodness. I just missed the train. -Thats too bad. I am sure you have caught it, if you had hurried. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - -