现代大学英语精读4-课后答案.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date现代大学英语精读4-课后答案1Key to the Exercises3.15) out of sight 16) in this instance 17) to think well/ill of sb 18) to confront sb with sth 19) to lag behind 20) to confer sth on sb 21) for my m

2、oney 22) to be too much for sb 23) to make for 24) to set out to do sth 25) few and far between 26) to aspire to 27) at the best of times 28) all over again 29) to do away with 30) to stand to lose 4.Increase your vacabulary with the help of the rules of word-building1) Find the most useful derivati

3、ves of the following. satisfy: satisfied, satisfying, satisfactory, satisfaction, unsatisfied, dissatisfied resist: resistance, resistant, irresistible just: unjust, justice, injustice, justify, justified, justification, justifiable cohere: coherent, coherence, incoherent, incoherence center ( v): c

4、enter (n. ), central, centralize, centralization, decentralize, decentralization visit: visitor, visitation, revisit (The following words are also related to visit: visible, invisible, visibility, vision, visual, television, supervise) integrate: integration, integrated, integral, disintegrate, disi

5、ntegration, integrity More Work on theText Vocabulary1.1) into Chinese.1) into Chinese. (1)浴巾 (2) (美)小学 (3)永恒的真理 (4)文件柜 (5)纯属无稽之谈 (6)违规行为 (7)常客 (8)新鲜空气 (9)格调很高的独自(一个人唱高调)(10)一种固定的观点 (11)时事(当前国内外大事) (12)身体障碍 (13)可怕吓人的风 (14)令人厌恶的景象 (15)言语障碍 (16)使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情 (17)无情的人侵者 (18)首相 (19)国际联盟(国联) (20)思维过程(思想方式)

6、 (21)条理清楚的文章 (22)一个完整的体系 (23)一位口译好手 (24)一种不可阻挡的趋向 (25)烂苹果 (26)根据事实(启示写成的 (27)一位点头之交 2) into English. (1) to sink ones head (2) to sink the ship (3) to contemplate the meaning of life (4) to catch the light (5) to ruin ones health (6) to ruin the country (7) to bang the desk (8) to playa prominent ro

7、le (9) to hold a prominent position (10) a pious Buddhist (11) to gain a reputation (12) to satisfy ones ego (13) to give sb the third degree (14) to devise a teaching method (15) to slide a gun into sbs hand 2.1) Synonyms. (1) to spring (to jump, to leap)(2) lest (for fear that) (3) utterly (comple

8、tely) (4) to symbolize (to represent) (5) to sink ones head (to lower . )(6) to contemplate (to think/ponder) (7) spectacles (glasses) (8) impediment (barrier, obstacle) (9) to collapse (to fall/to tumble down) (10) to ruin (to destroy)(11) to vanish (to disappear) (12) oddly (strangely) (13) to asp

9、ire to (to desire/to aim for) (14) to do away with (to eliminate) (15) to stop/give up (smoking) (to quit) (16) deficiency (weakness, fault, shortcoming) (17) folly (stupidity)2) Antonyms. (1) coherent (incoherent) (2) mental (physical) (3) disinterested (interested) (4) hideous (pleasant) (5) settl

10、ed (unsettled) (6) frequent (infrequent) (7) integration (disintegration) (8) proficient (incompetent) (9) to destroy (to create) (10) to surpass (to lag behind) (11) remorseless (remorseful) (12) to vanish (to appear) (13) accustomed (unaccustomed) (14) irreverent (reverent) (15) few and far betwee

11、n (many, innumerable, countless, numerous) (6) loyalty (disloyalty) (17) contented (discontented) (18) pre-war (post-war) (19) prominent (unimportant) 3. Translate1) I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened. 2) As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in th

12、e present and the future. 3) Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise. 4) It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials. 5) The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation. 6) In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo stands for moral

13、integrity and uprightness. 7) The great majority of the people stand for reform. 8) Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule. 9) The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. Thats the rule. 10) Democracy means that the majority

14、rules, but the minoritys right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance. 11) A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically. 13) The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and wen

15、t home. 14) The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river. 15) One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand. 16) The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes. 17) The idea that the sun mo

16、ves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years. 18) The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing. 19) Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress. 20) He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake. 21) Her health was such that she would not go

17、 out in the sun even in winter lest she got sunstroke. 4.1)c. 2) A. 3) D. 4) A. 5) B. 6) B. 7) C. 8) B.9) A.10) C.11)D 12) A.13) A.14) B.5.1) (1) sexy (2) sexual (3) sexy (4) sexist (5) sexual 2) (1) uninterested (2) disinterested (3) disinterested (4) disinterested, uninterested 3) (1) Literary (2)

18、 literally (3) literate (4) literal (5) literary 4) (1) bulging (2) sticking out of (3) bulging (4) bulging (5) sticking out of ( 6) protruding, protruding 5) (1) slid (2) slip (3) slipped (4) sliding (5) slip6) (1) prestige (2) reputation (3) reputation (4) prestige 61) decisive 2) sang beautifully

19、 3) robust 4) soft 5) democratic 6) eloquent 7) have lost his appetite. 8) The slice of meat was so thick that it was quite (transparent). 9) His room was surprisingly clean and tidy. It was almost as clean as (pigsty). 10) Many people are just as original as (parrots). 7(1) their (2) even(3) reason

20、 (4) disagree(5) to express(6) thinking(7) for(8) dealing with(9) Staying (10) hungry(11) gains (12) born of (13) can (14) superficial (15) when III Grammar11) Point out the parallel construction and its grammatical form in each of these sentences. (1) not by thought; by an invisible and irresistibl

21、e spring in his neck-two prepositional phrases (contrast) (2) unconscious prejudice; 19norance; hypocrisy-three noun phrases (listing) (3) as proficient as most businessmens golf; as honest as most politicians intentions; as coherent as most books that get written-three comparative adjective phrases

22、 (listing) (4) all shouting the same thing; all warming their hands at the fire of their own prejudicestwo absolute constructions (listing) (5) watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King; asking myself what all the fuss was about-two present participle phrases (as object complements, listing)

23、 (6) prejudices are called loyalties; pointless actions are turned into customs by repetition- two clauses (listing) (7) three coordinate clauses (listing) (8) to appreciate little that which we have; to long for that which we have not-two infinitive phrases as subject (contrast) (9) to be; not to b

24、e-two infinitive phrases as subject (choice) (10) give me liberty; give me death-two imperative clauses (choice) (11) is written without effort; is read without pleasure-two passive verb phrases (contrast)(12) you can fool all of the people some of the time and some of the people all of the time; yo

25、u cant fool all of the people all of the time-two coordinate clauses connected by but (series plus contrast) The first clause itself contains two parallel constructions-all of the people some time; some of the people all of the time-connected by and (choice) 2) Study and point out the function of th

26、e italicized part of these sentences. (1) adjective phrase as subject complement (2) deaf: adjective forming a complement to someone with born bitterly determined to find out about sound: adjective phrase as complement to someone (3) adjective phrase as subject complement (4) adjective phrase as att

27、ributive modifying good life (an adjective phrase modifying a noun should be placed after the noun) (5) adjective phrase as subject complement 21) Thomas Edison says that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. 2) Suzhou is known for its canals, gardens and tree-lined

28、 streets. 3) The morning was dark, cold with a little snow in the air. 4) The unemployed man wanted a job rather than welfare. Or: The unemployed man wanted to find a job rather than to apply for welfare. 5) Crawling down a mountain is sometimes harder than climbing up. 6) The essay is difficult to

29、understand not because there are a lot of technical terms but because there are quite a few involved sentences. Or: The essay is difficult to understand not because of the technical terms 10 it but because of the involved sentences. 7) For further information, you can either consult an encyclopaedia

30、 or surf the Internet. 8) Not only China but also the rest of the world will benefit from her WTO entry. It is a win-win event. Or: As a win-win event, Chinas WTO entry will be of benefit to both China and the rest of the world. 9) The job of the university is not only making specialists of its stud

31、ents but also helping them become civilized citizens. Or: The job of the university is both to make specialists of its students and to help them become civilized citizens. 10) Going to classes, doing his homework and reading occupy most of his waking hours at college. 31) 20 years later he returned

32、as poor as when he had left. 2) He arrived home from a coast-to-coast journey a bag of bones. 3) The girl stared at her parents, puzzled, troubled and annoyed. 4) The proposal was dismissed as impractical and unfeasible. 5) Just some twenty feet away, crouched the wolf, ready to jump on the boy at a

33、ny moment. 6) The audience sat open-mouthed, watching the conjurers performing all sorts of tricks. 7) The detective was lying awake in bed, thinking how they could capture the wanted man alive. 8) The talk show host was pleased that he had passed through the crowd unrecognized. 9) Sincere, compassi

34、onate, forgiving, Linda is the soul of the true, the good and the beautiful. 10) Diogenes was lying in the sunshine, shoeless, bearded, and half-naked, but contented and happy.41) You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think. Or: You can force a student to attend clas

35、ses, but not to think. 2) The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself. 3) You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing. 4) In the Middle Ages, people believed that the eatth was flat and that it was the center of the uni

36、verse. 5) I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses. 6) Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first. 7) Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it. 8) Excellent firms dont belie

37、ve in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change. 9) Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning ones time, working on ones own and managing ones own affairs. 10) In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health t

38、han about their income. 51) looks, being complimented, will say, has come, felt, was, was always looking for, to hurt, was called, believed, heard, would come, take, replace, might/would happen, to make, would/might get, to fool, would say. 2) became, should be removed, (I) ve learned, wouldnt reall

39、y want, is, provides, isnt, dies, crashes, will lay, have been lying, find, rotting, sprout, goes on. 61) C. 2) D. 3) B. 4) D. 5) A. 6) C. 7) B. 8) A. 9) C. 10) B. 1l)C. 12) D.13) A.14) B.15) D.16) A.Translate1) into Chinese(1) 专业的历史工作者(2) 基于常识的反应2）into English (1) to gain new insights (2) to revise

40、 ones ideas (3) to trace the cause (4) to begin from this premise (5) to open fire on/at (6) to give equal weight to sth (7) to support a certain view (8) to influence the government (9) to destroy the balance of power (10) to form an alliance (11) to repay the loans (12) to contemplate war (13) to

41、fill in the gaps (14) to conclude the quest (15) to view sth from a certain perspective (16) to benefit from the comparison (17) to eliminate from the comparison (18) to dig into the problem (19) to be immersed in a vast sea (20) to stem from a different point of view (21) to be destined to do sth (

42、22) to ignore the fact (23) to make an assumption (24) to defeat the enemy (25) to win back ones lost territory (26) to sink a boat (27) to intercept the secret message (28) to piece together evidence (29) to approximate the truth (30) to master new techniques (3) 事物的这种状况(4) 意见不一的历史学家(5) 已经准备好了的现成的东

43、西(6) 一个个人喜好不同的问题(7) 截然不同的观点(8) 民间故事(9) 书面文件(10) 过去的遗留物(11) 人的动机和行为(12) 复杂和精细(13) 商船(14) 一旦发生潜艇战(15) 一个粗糙的理论(16) 好战的行为；战争行为(17) 宣传机器(18) 德国外交部长(19) 实力平衡(20) （事物的）因果(21) 海岸炮兵(22) 终极关怀(23) （事物的）近因(24) 人们常说的一句话(25) 不会出错的解释(26) 绝对有效的模式(27) 永不停止的探索(28) 一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标1. Give synonyms and antonyms of the f

44、ollowing.1) synonyms(1) elusive : puzzling, baffling (2) intriguing: fascinating (3) evident: clear, plain, obvious, noticeable(4) ultimate: final, last(5) to revise: to correct, to change, to alter, to modify, to rewrite(6) to probe: to dig into, to investigate, to look into (7) belligerent: warlik

45、e, warring, aggressive, hostile(8) in addition to: besides, apart from, plus(9) in the event of: in the case of, should sth occur(10) nonetheless: nevertheless, in spite of that, just the same(11) to conclude ( the quest) : to end (the search / probing)(12) to denote: to refer to (13) persuasively:

46、convincingly(14) more or less: on the whole, generally speaking(15) moreover: in addition, besides, apart from that, whats more (16) by way of: through2) antonyms(1) to be faulted: to be praised (2) exhilarating: depressing(3) unquestioned: doubtful(4) validity: unsoundness, weakness(5) premise: conclusion(6) motivation: effect (7) proportionate: disproportionate(8) pro-British: anti-British(9) to take into account: to ignore(10) crude (theory): a well-developed (theory), a sophisticated (theory)(11) confu