11月翻译专业资格考试（英语三级笔译实务）真题及答案.doc

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1、试题下载 2004年11月翻译专业资格考试（英语三级笔译实务）真题及答案Section 1 English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）(50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: Aiyah, anything bad that can happe

2、n has already happened.Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The sc

3、hool system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves. Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditiona

4、l roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prim

5、e Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the fa

6、mily unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit - the family.Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-mark

7、s. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is not

8、hing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say.And who knows, my c

9、hild may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations leaders echo that idea as well.This way, when their ch

10、ildren aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they wont feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue fr

11、om the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education. It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chas

12、ing their dreams.答案：几个星期前，我问一个14岁的朋友她如何应对自己的学业。谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这事儿要多糟，有多糟。”随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的学科倾诉自己的苦恼。人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。这种文化是难以改变的。新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术

13、、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否成功。成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。新加坡政府想针对本国物质成功为先的理念采取行动，这是件好事。但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立37年来形成的一种整体文化，改造新加坡委员会才能取得成功。而这种改变必须始于最基本的社会单位家庭。家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得100分”的约束。学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败。一篇中文论文得70分绝不意味着生活无望。如果有朝一日我成为家长，我要带

14、我的孩子去露营，向他们演示用军用饭盒在篝火上煮饭是一种乐趣，告诉他们躺在草地上的睡袋里一点也不脏。实际上，这是有教育意义的，因为猎户星座与其它明亮的星星高挂夜空，它们的形态和图案诉说的不仅仅是一个神话。例如，我认为它们可以为迷路的旅行人指引方向。说不定我的孩子可能会在数年后成为一个天文学家，而这一切则源于我与他一起在夜晚观察空中闪烁的星星。这就是我的观点。家长应该教育自己的孩子，生活中除了学业外还有更丰富的内容。如果国家领导人也认同那种观点就更好了。由此，当孩子们渴望成为另一个杨玮玲(JOSCELIN YEO)时，他们就不会感到，在面对一个敬畏医生和律师的社会时，他们要进行一场失败之战。然而，

15、这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。但家长们可以从改造新加坡委员会那里得到启示，意识到要给予自己的孩子正确的教育。咱们现在拭目以待，也许10年后，更多的人将选择其它职业。希望到那时，没人会认为运动员或音乐家在追求梦想时作出了太过巨大的牺牲。解析：1. Refemng to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said:“Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.”【译文】谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这事儿要多糟，有多糟。”【分析】heave举起，起伏，叹（气）

16、；在此heaved a big sigh译作：深叹一口气；Anything bad that can happen has already happened.原意为：能发生的坏事都已发生了；言外之意：“事情糟得不能再糟了。”或“这事儿要多糟，有多糟。”2. Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on.【译文】随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的学科倾诉自己的苦恼。【分析】此句是根据汉语的语言习惯对原文的词序进行调整，使译文尽可

17、能地通顺。将介词+关系代词构成的介词短语引起的定语从句放到被修饰的名词前；将表示时间、地点的副词提前。另外，短语pour out倾诉，倾吐；pour out their woes倾诉自己的苦恼。3. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education systemo widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.【译文】人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟

18、能详的言语再次表现了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。【分析】此句是个很长的并列句，可用断句法将并列句分成两个句子来翻译。翻译前要仔细推敲，按逻辑顺序对全句进行综合处理。还要注意翻译中肯定与否定，主动与被动的互换。本句还应注意词的选用，如：pessimism译成“悲观情绪”；all. too-familiar remarks译成“耳熟能详的言语”或根据上下文，意译成“牢骚”；results. Oriented 过分注重成绩。4. The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture, w

19、hich emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.【译文】追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。【分析】本句是个带有非限定性定语从句的复合句，要分别采用换序译法和断旬译法。主句主语带有一个定语，翻译时只需将之放到所修饰的名词之前即可；非限定性定语从句和其中where引导的从句都可当作并列句采用断句法来译。must-haves译成“一定要获得财富和地位必须获得财富和地位”。5. So wh

20、en I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs,I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled wit

21、h help from parents themselves.【译文】新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否成功。【分析】本句是个非常长的简单句，译前要仔细推敲它的含义。句首是个长长的时间状语从句，之中还包括一个宾语从句，宾语从句中还带有两个并列的现在分词短语作宾语补足语。译时可将句子断开，同时要按照汉语习惯，扩展词义，将话说完整。new译成“新成立的”；Remaking Singapore Committee译成“改造新加坡委员会”；chall

22、enging the traditional roads to success译成“向传统的成功之路发起挑战”；realize实现，认识到；在此译为“从事”。本句主句中所说的“its success”指“实现”前面提到的“目标”，后面有个条件句；翻译时要调整语序。6. The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, cre

23、dit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future.【译文】成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。【分析】a brainchild脑力劳动的产物（如计划、作品等），在此指（总理的）设想；to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash，condos，clubs，credit cards and cars使新加坡人不要只盯羞钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。此处翻译要根据英语和汉语的习惯，将肯

24、定变为否定。7. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itselfis not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a revamp of all entire culture built from 37years ofindependence.【译文】但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立37年来形成的一种整体文化，改造新加坡委员会才能取得成功。【分析】此句可用换序译法，同时将被动变主动，即将if

25、the family unit itself is not involved译成“如果没有家庭单位的参与”；句首的it指的是上一句的the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success，在翻译中要译全。the committees success is rooted in也要将被动变主动，译为“扎根于”，“在于”。8. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred. mark

26、s. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life【译文】家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得100分”的约束。学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败。【分析】Mantra(印度教和佛教中的)曼特罗，祷文，符咒；在此drown their children in mantras可译成“把孩子禁锢在（紧箍咒中）”；本句中1 want hundred marks是介词of的宾语，因此各词之间都加上了连字符号，译为“我要得100分”；be-all全部；end-all结尾，最终目标；因此第二句可译作“学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败”或“学科的课程并不

27、是生活的一切”。9Orion天猎户星座【分析】Orion是天文学专有名词，表示“猎户星座”。10. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents.然而，这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。【分析】本句是个并列句。前面一句的主语带有一个定语从句，翻译时可将定语从句放到它所修饰的名词前；后面一句是倒装句，翻译时要按倒装顺序来译。11. It is now wait-and-see.【译文】咱

28、们现在拭目以待【分析】wait-and-See等着瞧，等看清形势再说；在此译作“拭目以待”更恰当。Section 2 Chinese-English Translation（汉译英）(50 points)Translate the followmg passage into English.近年来，中国政府倡导国内旅游，推行“假日经济”政策，给公民每年两次为期一周的长假，让他们将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。2004年，五一节的总旅游消费达390亿元人民币。目前旅游业收入占国内生产总值的2.3%。预计到2013年，旅游收入将每年增长10%，并创造4000万个就业机会。旅游的间接效益更大，估

29、计创造了1840亿美元的经济活动，以及5400万个就业岗位。这些经济活动包括政府花在会议上的旅游开支，以及重要的旅游项目投资。中国在公路、火车站和机场方面投资巨大。新航线和公交公司不断涌现，竞争降低了旅游成本。京沪间单程机票售价为850元删元人民币，有时还会更低。一些航线开展网上售票服务，方便人们购票。更多私车和汽车租赁中介的出现让数百万人不仅能跟团旅游，还能自己开车出游。答案：In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of Holiday ec

30、onomics, giving its citizens two annual week- long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and eating out. In 2004, total tourist spending during the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan. Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nations gross domestic product (GDP),

31、 and revenues are expected to grow by 10 percent annually through to 2013, creating 40 million jobs.The indirect effects of tourism are even greater, accounting for an estimated US$ 184 billion of economic activity and contributing to some 54 million jobs. That activity includes significant investme

32、nt in tourism projects, as well as government travel expenditures on meetings.China has spent heavily on building roads, railway stations and airports. New airlines and bus companies have emerged, and competition has cut the cost of travel. A one-way air ticket between Shanghai and Beijing costs 850

33、-900 yuan, and cheaper prices are occasionally available. Some airlines have begun online ticketing services, making it even easier to take a holiday. More private cars and the emergence of car rental agencies have allowed millions of people to travel on their own, as well as in tour groups.解析：1近年来，

34、中国政府倡导国内旅游，推行“假日经济”政策，给公民每年两次为期一周的长假，让他们将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。【译文】In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of “holiday economics”, 9iving its citizens two annual week-long vacation sand the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and e

35、ating out.【分析】此句用到意译法；“倡导”在此的意义其实是“鼓励”：因为initiate意思为“创使；发起”。国内旅游是早已存在的现象，因此本句应用encourage。“国内旅游”应译为：domestic travel。类似的还有：encourage(stimulate)tourist travel鼓励（刺激）观光旅游。“假日经济”为：holiday economics。“将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐”为：spend more savings on travel，shopping and eating out。2. 2004年，五一节的总旅游消费达390亿元人民币。【译文】In

36、 2004, total tourist spending during the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan.【分析】此处的“五一节”指的是“五一长假”，所以应译为：the May Day holidays。3目前旅游业收入占国内生产总值的2.3%。预计到2013年，旅游收入将每年增长10%，并创造4000万个就业机会。【译文】Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nations gross domestic product(GDP), and revenues are expected to gro

37、w bylo percent annually through t02013, creating40 million jobs.【分析】“旅游业”应译为：tourism(观光旅行；旅游事业，旅游业)。gross domestic product(GDP)国内生产总值；专有名词要用公认的名称来译，类似的还有：gross national product(GNP)国民生产总值。本句采用的是并句技巧，把汉语中的四个语言单位合译成英语的一个句子，其中最后一个汉语语言单位（并创造4000万个就业机会）在英语中用分词短语（作伴随状语）来表示。4旅游的间接效益更大，估计创造了1840亿美元的经济活动，以及5

38、400万个就业岗位。【译文】The indirect effects of tourism are even greater, accounting for an estimated US$184 billion of economic activity and contributing to some 54 million jobs.【分析】本句采用并句技巧，把原文的后两个单句译为一对并列的分词短语作伴随状语：accounting for.and contributing to.5.新航线和公交公司不断涌现，竞争降低了旅游成本。【译文】New airlines and bus companies have emerged, and competition has cut the cost of travel.【分析】本句采用并句技巧，把原文的两个单句译为一个并列句。5