2022年高中英语音标语音专题讲与练 .pdf

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1、1 高中英语语音专题I 国际音标表（ 48 个）元音（ 20 个）辅音（ 28 个）轻辅音/p/ 颇/t/ 特/k/ 克/f/ 佛/ / 四（咬舌音）/s/ 四浊辅音/b/ 伯/d/ 得/g/ 个/v/ 勿/e/ 字（咬舌音）/z/ 自轻辅音/ ?/ 是/h/ 和/ts/ 差（ ci）/t ?/ 吃/tr/ 缺浊辅音/ ?/ 日/r/ 若/dz/ 资/d ?/ 织/dr/ 撅鼻音/m/ 呣/n/ 呢/ ?/ 嗯长元音/ :/ 啊（长音）/ ?:/ 奥（长音）/ : / 额（长音）/i:/ 一（长音）/u: / 屋（长音）短元音/ ?/ 阿/ ? / 奥/ ?/ 额/ ?/ 一/ ? / 屋/e

2、/ 挨/? / 挨/e ?/ 和 拼 音 的“ei ”一样/a ?/ 挨/ ?/ 哦一双元音/ ?/ 一而/e ?/ 挨而/ ?/ 勿而/ ? / 欧/a ? / 袄（惨叫声）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 半元音/j/ 也/ w/ 五边音/ ? / 了（前） ; 偶（后）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - -

3、- - - - - 第 2 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 高考考点知识讲与练一、考查一些字母的特殊读音。1元音字母 a,e,i,o,u.(字母 a)1) 通常在重读开音节中读 e : cake, base, escape, plane 2) 在重读闭音节中读 ?: fat, trap, exactly, rapid, dam 3) 在 w 后通常读 : wash, want, what, wander 特殊： : water 4 ) 在 s,ss,st,sk,ch,th,n,f 前读 : master, ask, task, class, glass, father

4、, path, after, branch, advance 5) 在非重读音节中读 : again, camera, vacation, vegetable 6) 在非重读音节中读 ：courage,encourage,language,necklace,orange, average,baggage, village 7) eany,many,anyhow,anything,anybody等含有 any 的不定代词中1.match A. separate B. marry C. machine D. many 2. animal A. ache B. anything C. advance

5、 D. anxious 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 3. majority A. baggage B. attract C. Canadian D. magazine 4. cake A. have B. vase C. water D. escape 5. want A. wander B. again C. fat D. rapid 6. courage A. plane B. vegetable

6、C. wash, D. village 7. anything A. vacation B. many C. task D. path 8. class A. camera B. after C. any D. anybody 1-8 BDDDADBB （字母 e）1) 通常在重读开音节中读 :be, these, she2) 在重读闭音节中读 e: press, net, gentle3) 特殊： : actress, careless, develop, entire, perfect, reduce, secret, carpet, celebrate, desert ,before :

7、 children, open, problem, silence, satellite, September 不发音： frighten, listen, often, garden, citizen 1. medicine A. except B. record C. increase D. open2.these A. she B. press C. develop D. children 3.silence A. often B. problem C. secret D. gentle 4.gardenA. listen B. before C. reduce D. careless

8、5.perfect A. silence B. actress C. frighten D. September 1-5AABAB （字母 i）1) i 通常在开音节中读 ai: wipe, ripe alive, wine, arrive, beside, polite, life ,smile, surprise 2) 在闭音节中读 i: quiz, sick, dish ,sing, dig, film, miss, winter, picture, difficult 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师

9、精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 3) 在非重读音节中读 ： impossible,possible,terrible,holiday, horrible 4） 在 nd, ld, mb 前读ai：mind, kind, blind, find, child, climb 特殊： : police,Pisa,machine,magazine, technique live, give, notice, native, office, promise, imagine, opposite 不发音： basin, civil,

10、pencil, pupil, cousin, (i 的发音近几年没考，须注意) 1. quiz A. wine B. smile C. sing D. mind 2. live A. blind B. give C. police D. child 3. climb A. winter B. film C. polite D. native 4. office A. notice B. civil C.pencil D. impossible 5. machine A. imagine B. opposite C. difficult D. magazine 6. holiday A. bas

11、in B. native, C. terrible D. film 7. wipe A. beside B. dig C. sing D. dish 8. surprise A. alive B. promise C. difficult D. cousin 1-8 CBCADCAA （字母 o）1) o 通常在重读开音节中读 : stone, note, progress, motor lonely, smoke no, joke, go, programme 但在下面单词中读 u:：do, to, who, move, prove, lose, whose, tomb, shoe, rem

12、ove, canoe（独木舟）2) 在重读闭音节中读 : copy, boss, cloth, fond, long, knock, across, common 但在 st, ld, th 前常读 : most, post, cold, both, roll, hold, scold, host, fold, told, almost, clothes等3) 在非重读音节中读 : collection, complete, compare, composition, custom, develop, iron police, polite, observe, official, Europe

13、 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 4) 在 m, n, th, v 等前时读 : comfort, ton, done, come, some, love, cover, mother, another, other, company 特殊 1.uwoman 2. women 3. : story 4. comb, Negro, piano, radio, tomato 5. gone，common，con

14、cert 6.不发音： cotton, reason, prison, person, pardon, lesson, poison 1. stop A. lose B. woman C. shock D. rose 2. compare A. company B. continue C. common D. concert 3. stone A. progress B. move C. lose D. remove 4. prove A. copy B. knock C. remove D. fond, 5. most A. custom B. long C. scold D. collec

15、tion 6. observe A. concert B. tomato C. some D. complete 7. comfort A. story B. cotton C. mother D. lesson 8. women A. woman B. picture C. company D. observe 9. Europe A. develop B. radio C. roll D. hold 10. across A. gone B. done C. some D. cover 1-10 CBACCDCBAA （字母 u）1) u 通常在重读开音节中读 : 名师资料总结 - - -

16、精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 use, duty, computer, reduce, rescue, tube, Tuesday 2) u 通常在重读开音节中或读 : true 3) u 在重读开音节中辅音字母l, r, j 后读 : blue, rule, ruler, June, rude 4) 在重读闭音节中读 : cup, umbrella, lunch, Sunday, hurry, suddenly, funny,

17、 hungry 5) 在重读闭音节中或读 : put, pull, push, bullet 特殊： autumn, August, industry, succeed, success, suppose, until, unless, supply, difficult ebury busy, minute, business museum, communism, unite, January, occupy 1.club A. pollution B. struggle C. useful D. bury 2. computer A. Tuesday B. museum C. unite

18、D. January 3. minute A. busy B. industry C. success D. suppose 4. blue A. ruler B. push C. pull D. bullet 5. difficult A. unless B funny C. hungry D. rude 1-5BAAAA 2辅音字母 c,w,n,s,g. c 通常发 k, （在元音 a,o,u前和辅音前，以及在词尾时）: cat ,cost, cut, cloud, cycle 特殊： (在 ia, ie ,io 前) 读 ? delicious, musician, special, s

19、ocial, socialist, official (多在 e,I,y 前) 读s: ceiling, century, celebrate, cinema, city, incident 1.center名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 A. ocean B. decide C. cause D. socialist 2.success A. official B. excuse C. correct D

20、. exciting 3. century A. cycle B. delicious C. incident D. special 4. answer A. write B. sweep C. west D. wet 1-4BDCA w 通常发 w :sweep, west 特殊：不发音 ：answer, sword, two, write n 通常发 n: nice, not 特殊： (在 c, g, k, x 前) 发 ?: uncle ,English, single, thank, anxious , drink等1. uncle A. thank B. nice C. honest

21、 D. adventure 1. A s通常发 s: six, seat, sport在元音字母和元音字母之间读z ：music, season, prison 特殊：s 后面是元音字母 u, ia ?: sugar ,sure, Russian s 后面是元音字母u, ion measure ,pleasure, treasure, usual, conclusion 1.rise A. purse B. else C. praise D. mouse 2. measure A. usual B. sport C. music D. sure 1-2 CA g 通常发 g 特殊：在 字母(e

22、, i(y)前读 ： age ,apologize, apology ,page, gym 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 在字母 n 前不发音： design, foreign ,sign 1.passenger A. sugar B. organize C. strange D. together 1.C 二、考查一些常见字母组合的特殊读音。ea通常发 :breathe ，tea，read, clean

23、, easy, meat, peace特殊：e dead, pleasure, peasant, head, already, health, thread heaven, sweater ,bread, Breakfast , health, pleasure, deaf等e great, break real, idea, theatre, realize, area 不发音： beauty 1. area A. theatre B. breathe C. break D. heaven 2. break A. great B. peace C. sweater D. peasant 3.

24、 breathe A. breath B. health C. pleasure D. easy 4. real A. realize B. bread C. already D. beauty 1-4 AADA ear 通常发 : ear, clear, dear, hear 特殊： : earth, year, early, earn, learn, heard, search, earnest bear, pear , tear(v.), wear : heart 1. earth A. year B. clear C. wear D. heart 2. heard A. earn B.

25、 bear C. dear D. pear 1-2AA 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 ai & ay 等中通常发 ei: train ,against, contain, raise, remain, always,birthday, everyday , railway 特殊： captain, mountain, yesterday, Friday, Sunday, bargain等e said,

26、says mayor 不发音 Britain, certain 1.Britain A. certain B. train C. against D. contain 2.raise A .remain B. certain C. mountain D. bargain 3. said A. says B. say C. Friday D. birthday 4. everyday A. yesterday B. bargain C. always D. mountain 1-4AAAC al 通常发 : 特殊： :l also, always, almost, salt, although,

27、 altogether, false lactual, animal, arrival, general, natural, several等非重读时 : half, calm 等(在 f，m 前) : all, ball, talk, walk 1. always A. also B. actual C. natural D. walk 1. A oo 在k字母前读 u：took, shook, cook, cookie, book, look, hook, 在非重读时读 u：classroom, bedroom, understood ，在重读时读 u ：good, stood, wood

28、, wooden, football , f oot; :在food, soon, cool, zoo, tool, bamboo, loose, school, wool, pool ,fool, room, noon, cocoon, spoon, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 loom, roof, root, troop, smooth, shoot, too, balloon, choose

29、, proof , 特殊： blood, flood, warm-blooded 1. took A. shook B. loose C. school D. warm-blooded 2. blood A. flood B. smooth C. fool, D. noon 3. food A. foot B. pool C. cookie D. classroom 1-3AAB ou 通常发 au : house, about 特殊： : group, wound, you, youth anxious, dangerous, curious, famous, moustache, nerv

30、ous, obvious, serious, mysterious country, couple, courage, cousin ，courage, touch, trouble, young :cough 1.ground A. house B. country C. group D. cough 1. courage A. young B. about C. anxious D. famous 1-2AA our 通常 在重读音节中发 au ； hour, flour在非重读音节中发 : neighbour, labour特殊： :course, court, four, fourth

31、, mourn（悼念） , pour, resource, your, yourself u tour 1. course A. journey B. four C. labour D. hour 2. four A. flour B. yourself C. tour D. neighbour 1-2BB er 通常 在重读音节中发 :；名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 在非重读音节中发 writer,

32、 worker特殊: a: sergeant （警官） , clerk or 通常 在重读音节中发 :；在非重读音节中发 : visitor 特殊： : word, work, world, worm, worse, worship, worst, worth 等(在 w 后) worry 1. sergeant A. clerk B. worker C. word D. work 2. young A. worst B. worry C. fourth D. worse 1-2AB ure 通常 在重读时发 j cure, pure ；在非重读时发 : injure, figure, 特殊：

33、 j failure 1. cure A. pure B. injure C. figure D. failure 1.A ch & tch 通常读 :child, teach, chapter, catch, fetch, watch 特殊：kheadache, Christmas, chemical, school, stomach, chemistry, architecture ? machine 1. chemistryA. stomach B. achieve C. check D. machine 2. school A. Christmas B. chapter C. fetc

34、h D. watch 1-2AA th 在介词 ,冠词,代词,连词中读 : there, their, this, that ,these, those, with, though, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 13 以及,er 前读 : father, gather, rather在词首和词尾多读 : month, path, three, bath , breath 特殊：mathematics ,

35、maths, months 读 ; smooth, worthy, clothing, bathe, breathe 读 ; 以 th 结尾的复数读 baths ,mouths ,clothes, 例外:maths, months 1.bathe A. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smooth 2. breathe A. thick B. southern C. mathematics D. method 3. theirs A. thread B. smooth C. thirsty D. health 4. though A. bath B. bathe C. m

36、onth D. maths 5. northern A. north B. months C. mouths D. path 6. breath A. clothes B. clothing C. three, D. breathe 1-6 DBBBCC gh 通常在 igh,ough 中不发音 : ai :design, sigh, light, night : bought, fought, thought 特殊： fcough, enough, laugh, tough 1. coughA. enoughB. bought C. fought D. thought 1.A ex在本身是重

37、读或次重读时读eks: expert, extra, exercise, excellent, exhibition, explanation 特殊： 为非重读音节，后面是元音字母读igz: exact, exam, exist, examine, example 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 14 为非重读音节，后面是辅音字母读iks : excite, expect, extend, except, e

38、xcuse , express ,expensive, experience, experiment, explain, extraordinary, 1. expert A. exercise B. exact C. example D. excite 2. explanation A. experiment B. explain C. extra D. excuse 3. exhibition A. extend B. expect C. expensive D. expert 1-3ACD ed 在清辅音后读 t: asked, helped, missed 浊辅音后读 d ，元音后也读

39、 d: played, cleaned, carriedt,d 之后读 id: wanted, started, needed 1. helped A. missed B. played C. cleaned D. started 2. wanted A. worked B. needed C. destroyed D. suffered 1-2 ABs/es的发音规则，清辅音后读作 /s/: maps, cakes, desks, looks, asks 浊、元音后读作 /z / : bananas, dogs, pigs, boys, sees 在/s/、 /z/、 / 、/ / 音之后读

40、 / iz/ :classes bridges washes houses 1. bridges A. washes B. cakes C. desks D. boys 1.A 另外： au,augh,aw 读 : autumn, cause, daughter, draw, law, saw 但在 aunt, laugh 读 a: : air,are 读：chair, hair, repair, stair, care ei, ie 读i: : ceiling, receive, field, piece 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - -

41、- - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 15 ey读ei : grey, prey 特殊:either, neitherai; foreigni; eigh 读ei:eight, weigh 特殊:height ai; eer 读: deer, cheer, engineer, pioneer ere 读here, atmosphere 或where ,there ，特殊 : :were; ire 读ai :tired oul 读u could, should, would 特殊: ushoulder

42、 ,soul; sion 读,特殊: decision, conclusion, occasional, television; tion 读,特殊: suggestion, question ie 通常读 :achieve believe ；特殊ai society science；特殊e friend 1.society A. achieve B . friend C. science D. believe 2. autumn A. cause B. aunt C. laugh D. out 3. field A. friend B. neither C. foreign D. piece

43、 4. where A. there B. cheer C. engineer D. atmosphere 5. shoulder A. soul B. could C. should D. would 6. suggestion A. question B. television C. decision D. occasion 1-6 CADAAA 三、考查一些不发音的字母及字母组合。 b bomb, climb, comb, debt, doubt c muscle, science, scientist 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - -

44、 - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 16 d handsome grandpa, grandma, grandchild, Sandwich ,Wednesday k knee, knife, knock, know, knowledge, kneel h hour, honest, exhibition, forehead, whisper, wheelchair, honour l could, would, Lincoln g design, foreign ,sign r iron s

45、island t castle, fasten, often, whistle, Christmas, listen 1.honest A. husband B. habit C. hour D. host 1.C 五、不符合读音规则的常用词的读音。1.词性变化引起读音变化nation /ei/-national/ ? / nature /ei/-natural / ? / south /sau /-/southern / s n/2.词形变化引起读音变化 （1） 可数名词变复数 的读音变化mouth / / -mouths / z/ house /s/-houses /ziz/ （2） 词过

46、去式中 的读音变化will-would /wud/ shall-should /ud/ can-could /kud/ eat-ate /et,eit/ mean-meant /ment hear-heard /h :d/ （3）词在否定缩写中 的读音变化cannot-cant /ka:nt/ shall not-shant /a:nt/will not-wont /wnt/ do not-dont /dnt/ 3.复合词的读音变化break/ei/-breakfast/e/ head/e/-forehead/rid/ hand / d /-handsome/()/ room /u:/-cla

47、ssroom /u/ news /z/-newspaper /s/ 4.同源词的读音变化know /-knowledge nature/ei/-natural / ? / nation /ei/-national / ? / breath / /-breathe / / bath /ba: /-bathe /bei / cloth /kl /-clothes /klz/ worth / /-worthy / real /rl/-reality /r ?lti/ political /p litikl/politics /p litiks/ say /sei/-said /sed/ 名师资料总结

48、 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 16 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 17 四、历年部分高考真题回顾1 （99）navyA. neighborB. nationality C. relative D. valley 2（99）unitA. fierceB. nephew C. juice D. sure 3（98）prove A. stone B. route C. stove D. hook 4（05II）grade A.temperature B.cla

49、ssmate Cnecklace D. fortunate 5（06II）occur A. position B. possible C. offer D. ocean 6（96）Advanced A. taskB. fortunateC. entranceD. salute 7（97）motor A. opposite B. ocean C. oppress D. object 8（97）canal A. important B. liberation C. majority D. national 9（97）medicine A. except B. record C. increase

50、D. physics 10（96）longerA. LondonB. proveC. lockD. lonely 11（98）anxious A. branch B. conclusion C. dangerous D. tongue 12（05II）official Aconcert Bcentury Ccoast Docean 13（06II）honest A. husband B. habit C. hour D. host 14（99）gentleA. organizeB. bargain C. regular D. charge 15（97）oxygen A. geography B