高考英语必背短语与高级中学英语基础知识考点大汇总.doc

-! 高考英语必背短语与高中英语基础知识考点大汇总 2016-12-30英语高中生 1.一周两次twice a week 2.两倍那么多:twice as many as ,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of 3.一、两天a day or two ,one or two days 4.再两周时间anther two weeks ,two more weeks 5.many a student has a book 6.总而言之in a word 7.有能力做某事情be able to do sth.,be capable of doing 8.怎么样what about doing…/how about doing 9.当…即将要做某事情be about to do sth…when… 10.尤其是,最重要的是above all 11.缺席,不在be absent from 12.全神贯注于某事情be absorbed in doing sth. 13.主观接受:accept客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西) receive 14.有权利做某事情have access to sth. 15.意外的by accident=by chance 16.交通事故the traffic accident 17.根据according to 18.考虑take sth. into account 19.因为,由于on account of=because of后面跟名词,不跟句子 20.指责某人某事情accuse sb of sth 指控某人某事情charge sb with sth 钦佩某人某事情admire sb for sth 责备某人某事情scold sb for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth 21.be used to do sth.被用来做某事情 used to do过去常常做某事情 be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事情 22.达到目标achieve the goal 23. across穿过,和on有关,指从上面,上方穿过, through穿过和in有关,从里面,内部穿过 walk across the street/bridge , walk through the forests 24.担当,充当act as ,执行act on 25.采取行动take action /take measures to do sth 26.在某方面积极be active in… 积极参加take an active part in=join in 27. adapt…to…适应, adopt sth/sb领养某人,采纳某事情 28.总计达add up to=in all=come to ,增加,增添美景/难度add to the beauty/difficulty 把…加到…上add…to… 29.除了…以外(还有…) in addition to=apart from=besides (看见also,else,other选besides) 30.足够的,适当的adequate 31.承认做某事情admit doing sth ,否认做某事情deny doing sth 32.允许入内,被录取进入学校be admitted into/to school 33.预先,提前in advance , ahead of time 34.利用take advantage of , make use of, by means of 35. advice, news , information为不可数名词 36.给某人忠告give sb advice on sth ,听取某人的忠告take one`s advice 37. affect动词,影响effect名词,影响 对…有重大影响have a big effect on… afford动词,买得起,常跟在can,could,be able to后面 有足够的金钱做某事情can afford sth/to do sth 38. be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事情; be afraid to do sth不敢做某事情 39. after all毕竟,终究 40. in the morning ; on Sunday mornings 41.以某人的年龄来说for one`s age 42.答应做某事情agree to do sth ,同意某人的观点agree with sb/what sb said (气候,食物)的适合agree with the climate对…意见一致agree on sth 43. alive形容词,活着的,做表语,sb be alive某人是活着的, a man alive活着的人 catch sb alive活捉某人 living形容词,活着的,做定语,the living people活着的人, live形容词,现场的broadcast live现场直播 lively形容的,充满活力的,灵敏的 44. for all尽管, first of all首先, above all尤其重要的是, in all总共, after all毕竟,终究 all over the world世界各地区, not…at all一点也不 45.允许某人做某事情allow/permit doing sth , allow/permit sb doing sth , sb be allowed/permitted to do sth 46.几乎不almost not=not nearly=hardly=scarcely 47. The man lives alone , but he doesn`t feel lonely. 48.和…相处很好,进展很好get along/on well with sb/sth 49.颂读课文read aloud the text ,说出声音来speak aloud 吵闹的,喧哗的loudly 50.除…以外别无选择have no choice but to do sth 51.老是做某事情be always doing sth 52.对…惊讶be amazed at , be surprised at, be astonished at 对…满意be pleased with , be happy with , be satisfied with 对…愤怒be angry about/at sth, be angry with sb for sth 对…严厉be strict with sb in sth , be hard on sb 对…担心be worried about , be anxious about 对…感到惭愧be shamed of sth, be shy of sth 渴望做某事情be eager to do sth , be anxious to do sth 渴望得到某物long for sth , hope for sth , be dying for sth , be anxious for sth 53.修饰不可数名词: a large amount of , a great deal of , a large sum of , a little , little 修饰可数名词: a great number of , few , a few , several 两者皆可修饰:a lot of , lots of , plenty of ,the number of (…的数量) 54.每年的,年刊annual 55.一个接一个one after another 56.接电话answer the call ,回信answer the letter/reply to the letter/write to sb 对…负责answer for =be responsible for 57.任何的一家书店any bookstore 58. anyway无论怎么样anyhow不管怎么说 59.为某事情向某人道歉apologize to sb for sth 60.吸引appeal to sb = attract sb =sth catch one`s eye 61. appear to do sth , appear to be doing sth , appear to have done sth It seems/seemed that…There seems/seemed to be… 62.从外表判断judge from /by one’s appearance 63.向某人申请…apply to sb for sth ,把…应用于/涂在…上apply…to… 64.欣赏/感激做某事情appreciate doing sth ,如果…我会不胜感激I would appreciate it if… 65.和某人就某事情争吵argue with sb about sth 66. look around环顾, show sb around带领某人参观 67.安排某人做某事情arrange for sb to do sth 68. arrive at +小地点(airport) , arrive in +大地点(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late 69.一件工艺品a work of art 70.假花artificial flower ,假牙false teeth 71. as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解释为虽然=though) as he grows up随着年龄的长大, as we all know众所周知 as+形容词+as和…一样,not so+形容词+as和…不一样 as far as I know就我所知,as long as只要 as well as也 72. ask after sb问候某人, ask for sb请求某人, ask for help请求帮忙 73. fall asleep入睡, go to bed上床睡觉, go to sleep入眠, feel sleepy感觉瞌睡的 74.把…和…联想在一起be associated with sth 75.我向你保证…I assure you that…, assure sb of sth向某人保证… 76.心脏病heart attack 77.企图做某事情make an attempt to do sth 78.出席典礼attend the ceremony ,上学attend school 79.注意…pay attention to sth/doing sth 80. a large/small audience一大/小批听/观众, 500个观众an audience of five hundred 81.可取得的,可采用的sth is available to sb 82. average平均的:on average normal正常的,通常指精神,体温正常:normal temperature ordinary普通的,指地位普通ordinary people , ordinary medicine usual惯例的,通常的as usual, the usual time ,at the usual place regular有规律的regular customer common普遍的,大家所共同拥有的common sense , common illness 83.试图避免做某事情try to avoid doing sth 84.意识到be aware of = realize 85. award动词:授予,给予报酬,名词:奖品award sb sth=award sth to sb reward n./v.报答,奖赏reward sb with sth for sth 86.凡是指婴儿和电话用语中都用it 87.回顾历史look back into history 88.对…是有害的be bad for…/be harmful to…/do harm to 89.非常需要…need/want/require sth badly 90.保持生态平衡keep the balance of nature 91.禁止某人做某事情ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth 92.以…为基础base…on,忙于做某事情be busy in doing sth ,被…覆盖be covered with 93.在海滩上on the beach ,在农场里in the farm ,在操场at the playground 在田野里in the fields , 94.不能忍受某人做某事情can`t bear/stand doing sth , 不能理解某事情can`t understand doing sth 95.牢记…bear/keep sth in mind动动脑筋use one`s brains 96. beat sb by 3:1以3:1击败某人, the heart beat心脏跳动, beat times打拍子 97. not…but… 不是…而是…not because…but because不是因为…而是因为… 98.还要很长时间…It will be a long time before +句子(用一般现在时) 不久就…It won`t be a long time before+句子(用一般现在时) 自从…以来…It is/has been 5 years since+句子(用过去时) 99.由…开始begin with ,在…一开始at the beginning of 100. behaviour n.行为,举止, habit n.个人习惯, manners n.礼貌, customs n.风俗习惯 101.落后,落伍fall behind ,落后于时代behind the times 102. the news , the truth , the fact , the idea后用that引导同位语从句 103.信不信由你believe it or not ,坦率地说frankly speaking=to be frank 104.属于belong to (无进行时,无被动) The book belongs to me. 105.受益,获益于benefit from / benefit sb a lot 106.最好做某事情had better do sth / had better not do sth It is better to do sth / It is better not to do sth 107. not a bit=not at all一点也不, not a little=very非常 108.一只眼失明be blind in one eye 109.对…厌烦be bored with=be tired of =be fed up with 110. borrow sth from sb从某人那里借进某物, lend sth to sb向某人借出某物 buy sth from sb向某人买某物, buy sth for sb为某人买了某物 111. bread and butter, when and where , knife and fork , law and order, each man and (each) woman , every boy and (every)girl以上词组做主语,谓语动词用单数 112.违反法律break the law ,闯入break into , (战争,火灾的)爆发break out 机器坏了,精神垮了break down 113.屏住呼吸catch /hold one`s breath ,上气不接下气out of breath 114.河上的桥the bridge over the river ,桌上的书the book on the desk 115. bring sb up抚养某人=raise sb, sb grow up某人长大成人 116.突然大笑burst into laughter=burst out laughing ,突然大哭burst into tears=burst out crying 117. do business做生意, be on business在出差 118.忙于做某事情be busy in doing sth=be busy with sth 119.按小时得到工资get paid by the hour 120. call for需要, call on号召,呼吁, call off取消,call on sb=call at sp拜访 121.保持镇静remain calm ,冷静下来calm down 122. can`t help doing sth情不自禁去做某事情, can`t help but do sth只能去做某事情 can`t help (to) do sth不能去做某事情, can`t…too…太…也不过分 123. care for =take care of照顾,喜欢, care about关心,在乎 124.职业,生涯career 125.小心be careful= look out =watch out 126. carry on继续做某事情, carry out执行, carry sth with sb随身携带某物 carry the news on the paper在报纸上刊登消息, 127. in case以防万一+句子(用should+动词原型), in case of +n .以防万一,遇到…的时候 in that case如果那样的话, in no case决不 128.抓住某人的手臂catch sb by the arm ,打在某人的脸上beat sb in the face 打在某人的鼻子上hit sb on the nose ,牵某人的手take sb by the hand 129. catch the train赶上火车, catch up with sb追上,赶上某人, catch a cold感冒 catch sb doing sth抓住某人正在做某事情, be caught in the rain淋雨, be caught in the traffic jam遇到交通阻塞 130. cause and effect因果关系,…的原因the cause of…,the reason for 使某人做某事情cause sb sth = cause sb to do sth 131. Chances are that…很可能… There is no possibility of doing sth…做某事情没有可能性 132. in charge of…掌管…, in the charge of sb由某人掌管 133.骗某人东西cheat sb (out) of sth ,偷某人东西steal sth from sb 抢劫某人东西rob sb of sth 134.考试作弊cheat at exams 135. check in登记入住,上机check out结帐离开,出境 136.使某人振作精神cheer sb up 137.儿童节children`s day有day无the 138.可供选择的五对five pairs to choose from/five pairs to be chosen 139.在圣诞节at Christmas在圣诞前夕on Chrismas Day’s Eve 140.自称是，声称是claim to be sth 141.天气放晴，疑团解开clear up把..弄清楚make sth clear=make it clear to do/that 142.靠近be close to sth让门关着with the door closed让门开着with the door open 143.布料cloth衣服clothes衣物clothing 144.案子的线索the clue to the case练习的答案the key to the exercise 问题的解决方法the solution to the problem门的钥匙the key to the door 电影院的入口the entrance to the cinema 145.集邮collect stamps筹款collect/raise money 146.把A和B相结合combine A with B把A和B做比较compare A with B 把A比作B compare A to B 147.向某人抱怨complain to sb about/of sth 148. How come?=Why?苏醒come to(oneself) 偶遇come across=run into=meet with=meet…by chance 149.对..作出评论make comments on sth 150.通过..与某人交流communicate with sb by sth 151.由..组成be composed of= be made up of= consist of 152.得出结论arrive at/come to the conclusion 153.只要on condition that=as long as 154.对..有信心have confidence in=be confident of 155.向某人祝贺某事congratulate sb on sth 156.把..看作consider sb to be=consider sb as考虑做某事consider doing sth 157.和某人接触contact sb=make contact with sb 158.某人方便的话It is convenient to sb to do sth 159.生活费the cost of living不惜一切代价at all costs 什么使某人付出什么代价sht cost sb sth 某人付钱买什么sb pay money/time to do sth 花费某人去It takes sb some money/time to do sth 160.在..过程中in/during the course of 161.书的封面the cover of the course of桌子的表面the surface of the desk 162.挤满be crowded with 163.做某事毫无用处It’s no use doing sth=It’s not useful to do 164.对…感到好奇be curious about 165.削减/砍伐cut down割去/断绝cut off插嘴cut in=interrupt 166. damage（修饰sth,损坏，毁坏）wound (修饰sb刀伤,抢伤) destroy (修饰sth破坏,.消灭) injured (修饰sb指事故受伤) hurt（修饰sb指心灵情感受伤） 167.看见the other day/ago用过去时 168. dead形容词，死的the dead man已死去的人 deadly形容词，致命的the deadly weapon致命武器 dying形容词，垂死的the dying man快要死的人 death名词，死亡come to death濒临死亡 169. deal with sb/sth (How) do with sth (What) 170.做出决定make a decision=make up one’s mind to do sth=decide to do sth 171.满足需求meet one’s needs/demands 172.依靠depend on 173.冲洗底片develop the film 174. the developed country发达国家the developing country发展中国家 the excited boy兴奋的男孩the fallen leaves落叶the retired worker退休工人 175.随着…的发展with the development of 176.致力于devote oneself/time to doing sth 177.死于疾病die of a disease死于刀伤die from wound 178. A和B在…方面不同differ A from B in /A is different from B in 有所差别make a difference 179.觉得做某事有困难have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 不辞辛劳去做某事take the trouble to do sth. 180.稍远一些at a distance在远处in the distance 181.把..分成…divide…into… 把…隔开…isolate…from… 把…分开…separate…from… 182. I don’t doubt that…I doubt when/what/whether… 183.由于…病倒了be down with 184. five dozen/hundred/thousand dozens/hundreds/thousands of 185.梦想做…dream of doing… 186.穿着…be dressed in某人自己穿衣dress oneself/sb 187. Each of us has a book We each have books 188.谋生earn/make one’s living 189. effective效的efficient高效的 190.推选某人做主席elect sb chairman (职位名词前不加冠词) 191.使某人能够做某事enable sb to do sth 192.鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do sth 193. energy n.能量，活力，精力full of energy force n.武力work force strength n.力气have strength to do sth 194. be engaged in sth忙着做某事be engaged to sb与某人订婚 195.说英语的国家English-speaking country英语口语spoken English 196. something interesting old enough to do sth 197. equip sb with sth/provide sth for sb supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb offer sb sth /offer sth to sb 198. even though/if即使as though/if似乎，好像ever since自从…以来 199.每隔一天every other day每三周every three weeks 200.除了…之外，只得做某事do nothing except/but do sth 201.原谅某人做某事excuse one’s doing sth excuse sb for doing sth 202.期待某人做某事expect to do sth/expect sb to do sth hope to do sth/hope that+句子(用will/would+V.) want to do sth wish to do sth/with that +句子（用过去时/had done/would+V.）wish sb sth 203. Sth is expensive/cheap The price is high/low 204. expand扩大expand the business extend延伸extend the road 205.某方面专家the expert in sth 206.解释…explain doing sth explain to sb. sth 207.事实上in fact=as a matter of fact 208.不能/没有做某事fail to do sth. 209.相当，十分fairly修饰褒义词fairly well rather too=much too=far too rathe修饰比较级 a rather cold day=rather a cold day (贬义词) quite修饰il,im,in开头的单词 210. be familiar with熟悉be familiar to sb为某人所熟悉的 be similar to与…相似/ the same as 211.以…而著名be famous/know for+原因be famous/known as+职业 212. Far修饰比较级，by far多用于修饰最高级 213.以…为生feed on…=live on… 214. only a few=few只有几个quict a few=many许多 215.充满be filled with=with=be full of 216.完成做某事finish doing sth 217.the first to come,the first to do /that…the last to leave the next to do the first time=the minute=the moment=when 218. fit:尺寸大小合适suit颜色，式样，款式合适match=go with相配 219. fix one’s eyes on sth注视 220. flight航班float漂浮fly飞flow流动 221. focus attention/mind on集中注意力 222.爱好，喜欢be fond of=be keen on 223.释放某人set sb free 224. in front of在…前面in the front of在…前部 225. What fun what bad news/weather 226.得到更多信息get further information 227. gnerally speaking一般说来 228.上（下）公共汽车get on, get off上（下）小汽车get into, get out of 229.在某方面有天赋have a gift for… 230. give away赠送,泄漏give in屈服give up放弃 give out发出（热，气味）筋疲力尽，分发give off发出（热，气味） 231. only too =very非常only to do sth结果却 never to do sth从不做just to do sth只能做 232. glance at瞥一眼glare on怒目相视 stare at盯着看watch sth disappear注视..消失 233.go bad变质go over复习go wrong发生故障 234.be good at擅长do good to sb/sth对某人/某物有好处 be good for sb对某人有好处 A good many students have books/ Many a student has a book 做什么事毫无用处It’s no good doing=It’s no good to do sth The more work you do,the more good you will get. 235.毕业于graduate from 236.因..感激某人be grateful to sb for sth/be thankful to sb for sth 237.养成..习惯form/get into the habit of doing sth 改掉习惯break/get rid og the habit of doing sth 238.cut sth in half=cut sth into halves 239.帮忙lend a hand to sb上交hand in 240.hang悬挂—hung—hung/hang上吊—hanged—hanged 241.碰巧做某事happen to do sth/碰巧…It (so) happens that…/ 某事碰巧发生某人身上Sth happen to sb 242.Hardly…when…/no sooner…th