（整理版高中英语）Module4.doc

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1、Module 4A Social SurveyMy Neighbourhood根底自主回忆.课标单词1_(n.)调查2_(vi.)听起来3_(vt.)打搅；烦扰；麻烦4_(vt.)接近5_(vt.)交换surveysoundbotherapproachexchange6_(vt.)买得起；有能力支付7_(vt.)联络；联系(某人)8_(adj.)有吸引力的；吸引人的_(vt.)吸引_(n.)吸引(力)9_(adj.)幸运的；桔祥的_(adv.)幸运地；桔祥地_(adj.)(反义词)不幸的_(n.)运气；财富10_(vi.)饿死_(n.)挨饿；饿死affordcontactattractivea

2、ttractattractionfortunatefortunatelyunfortunatefortunestarvestarvation11_(adj.)失业的；没有工作的_(n.)失业_(n.)就业_(vt.)雇用12_(n.)职业_(vt.)占用；拥有13_(adj.)专业的_(n.)专业14_(adj.)迷人的；吸引人的_(vt.)使着迷_(n.)魅力15_(vi.)死里逃生；大难不死_(n.)幸存_(n.)幸存者unemployedunemploymentemploymentemployoccupationoccupyprofessionalprofessionfascinatin

3、gfascinatefascinationsurvivesurvivalsurvivor.常用短语1_在的南部2_修建；张贴3_归还4_摆脱5_成功6_与相似7_到目前为止in the south ofput uppay backget away frommake itbe similar toso far/up to now/till now8_许多；大量9_上升10_结果11_负担得起做某事12_由组成a great many/a number ofgo upas a resultafford to do sthbe made up of.重点句型1_ six years _ we las

4、t saw each other, you know.你知道自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了。答案：Its been; since2And _ visited your hometown.这是我第一次到你的家乡来。答案：this is the first time Ive3_ OK to me.听起来还可以。答案：Sounds4_ it is becoming more and more difficult for farmers to make money from their farms.另一个问题是农民们要想从农场里赚到钱越来越困难。答案：Another problem is that.模

5、块语法用正确的时态填空I _1_(just receive)a letter from my brother，Tim.He is in Australia.He _2_(be) there for six months.Tim is an engineer.He is working for a big firm and he _3_(already visit)a great number of different places in Australia.He _4_(just buy)an Australian car and _5_(go) to Sydney.My brother _6

6、_(never be)abroad before，so he is finding this trip very exciting.答案：1have just received2.has been3.has already visited4has just bought5.has gone6.has never been单项填空7She _ here just now，but she _.Ahas been；has goneBwas；wentCwas；has gone Dhas been；went答案：C8This is the most interesting book _.Athan I

7、read Bthat I have ever readCwhich I saw Dwhich I have ever read答案：B9I wonder why Jenny _ to us recently.We should have heard from her by now.Ahasnt written Bdoesnt writeCwont write Dhadnt written答案：A考点探究解密考 点 解 读1approach v& n靠近；接近；走近精讲拓展：at the approach of在快到的时候make an approach to对进行探讨向某人接洽(商量、交涉)a

8、n approach to接近，近似，约等于；(做某事)的方法/途径误区警示：approach作动词使用时，一般用作及物动词，加介词to是它作名词的用法，请勿混淆。朗文在线：As they approached the wood a rabbit，ran out of the trees.他们走近树林的时候，一只兔子从树丛里跑了出来。a new approach to teaching language教授语言的新方法They made approaches to the team to buy one of their players.他们与那支球队洽谈要买他们的一个球员。活学巧练：(1)H

9、e is a good chess player, but doesnt approach _ the international standard.(2)The professor has developed a new approach _ teaching language.不填to(3)At the meeting they discussed three different_to the study of mathematics.A. approaches B. meansC. methods D ways 答案与解析：A根据空后的定语介词to名词，只能用approach，B、C、D

10、三项接不定式或of名词做定语。2afford vt.买得起；有能力支付精讲拓展：affordn./pron.买得起、负担得起的费用afford to do sth.负担得起干，经得起干affordsb.sth.sth. to sb. 给予某人某物特别提示：afford常与can，could，be able to连用。误区警示：afford表示“买得起，负担得起时常与情态动词can，could或be able to一起使用，而不与其他情态动词连用，另外接动词时需用不定式形式。朗文在线：We cant afford to go on vacation this year.今年我们没钱去度假。We

11、simply cant afford to offend such an important customer.惹怒这样一位重要客户，我们可担当不起。活学巧练：Now as their income increases, more and more families can_to buy cars.Aoffer BaffordCspend Dcare答案与解析：B“买得起，担负得起用can/be able to afford sth.。3starve v(1)饥饿，饿死；(2)使饿死，使饥饿精讲拓展：starve for sth.渴望得到某物starve to death饿死starvatio

12、n n挨饿，饿死be starving非常饥饿误区警示：starve for sth.long for sth.be eager to get sth.朗文在线：He would starve rather than beg for food.他宁愿挨饿，也不愿乞食。She is starving herself trying to lose weight.她试图通过节食来减肥。“渴望，渴求的意义出现。活学巧练：The pupil，who comes from the country，is starving_the friendship from_who come from the city.

13、Afor；thoseBfor；the otherCwith；the ones Dabout；some“渴望，极需要，故答案应在A、B中选；第二空表示“，是特指，应选A项。4exchange n交换，互换 v交换，交易精讲拓展：in exchange (for)交换exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物exchange A for B用A兑换B误区警示：在名词短语in exchange (for)中，exchange作为不可数名词来使用，其前不用冠词。朗文在线：They have offered to release the hostages，but what do they

14、want in exchange?他们提出可以释放人质，但他们想要什么作为交换？We still exchange gifts at Christmas.我们依然在圣诞节时交换礼物。活学巧练：完成句子(1)We_our views_them on this matter.在这件事情上，我们和他们交换了观点。(2)She gave the old man 500 dollars_his sword.她用500美元换了老人的那把剑。(3)Could you tell me where I can_my dollars_pounds?你能否告诉我在哪儿可把美元换成英镑？ exchangedin ex

15、change forexchangewithfor5survive v(1)vi.活下来；(2)vt.比长寿；(3)vt.(经过)活下来survive sth.从(事故/火灾/地震)幸存下来survive sb.比活的时间长survival n幸存，残存物survivor n幸存者，生还者误区警示：(1)survive本身可用作及物动词，因而其后不用加in，from等介词。如：survive the fire/the battle/the winter等。(2)survive无被动语态的用法。朗文在线：Some animals can survive in the desert on very

16、 little water.有些动物靠很少的水就能在沙漠里存活下来。The man survived his sister by three years.那人比他姐姐多活了三年。He survived the fire.他是那次大火的幸存者。活学巧练：Few of the old customs_the war.Asurvived in Bsurvived fromCsurvived after Dsurvived答案与解析：Dsurvive用作及物动词表示“(经过)活下来/存留下来时，其后直接加宾语。6contact n接触，联系；交往，交际；熟人，熟人关系vt.&vi.接触，联系精讲拓展：

17、come into contact with接触have contact with接触到，和有联系be in/out of contact with与保持(失去)联系make contact withget into contact with与取得联系keep/stay in contact with与保持联系误区警示：contact既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，意为“具体联系，接触或来往和“联络人时是可数名词，意为“(抽象的)联系，接触时是不可数名词。朗文在线：We stay in contact with each other by telephone.我们通过 保持联系。Ive los

18、t contact with most of my school friends.我已经与大局部校友失去了联系。Give the names of two people who can be contacted in case of emergency.给出两个人的名字，在紧急情况下可以给他们打 。活学巧练：(1)I dont know how to get in_(联系)with them.(2)The journalists_(联系)related people and fix a time for a facetoface interview.(3)He lost contact wit

19、h some of his classmates after so many years separation.(替换)_touch/contactmade contact withtouch(4)The organization put me_other people in a similar position.Ain contact with Bin contract withCin contract to Din contact to“与有联系。7put up举起；架起；张贴；(为)提供膳宿；提高(价钱)精讲拓展：put away储存(钱)；储存以备用；储蓄put forward提出(意

20、见、建议)put in打断；插嘴put off延期；推迟put on假装；伪装；表演，上演(戏剧)；穿上，戴上put out熄灭；关灭；扑灭put up with忍受；忍耐；受苦误区警示：put up后接代词作宾语要注意将代词放于put之后up之前。朗文在线：Theyre putting up several new office blocks in the centre of town.他们正在市中心建造几幢新办公楼。The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.这次考试成绩将于星期五下午公布。They agreed to put t

21、wo foreign students up over the summer.他们同意夏季为两个外国留学生提供膳宿。Our landlord keeps threatening to put the rent up.我们的房东老是威胁说提高房租。活学巧练：介/副词填空 (1)He puts_some money for old age every month.(2)The meeting was put_till tomorrow.(3)He is not really that upset；she is just putting it_.awayoffon8pay back归还(借款等)；报

22、复精讲拓展：pay sb.付给某人(钱、工资等)pay for付的钱pay sb.money for sth.因付给某人钱pay off还清(债务等)；成功；奏效pay up付清全部欠款误区警示：pay back后接代词作宾语时，需将代词放于pay之后back之前。朗文在线：Can you lend me10 and Ill pay you back on Friday?你能借给我10英镑吗？我星期五就还你。Ill pay Jenny back for what she did to me!詹妮这样对待我，我一定要向她报复！活学巧练：(1)He_(付清)the crew of the ship

23、.(2)In the end he_(归还)all his debts.(3)You might find this hard at first but it_(得出好的结果)when you come to speak.paid offpaid uppaid off(4)Mom，I cant see any point in working hard at all the subjects at school.Come on，dear.Years of hard work will surely_in the future of your career.Amake sure Bpay off

24、Cbring back Dpay back答案与解析：B根据句意：几年的努力终会得到回报，用pay off。9Its been six years since we last saw each other.自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了精讲拓展：It is/has been一段时间since.自从以来时间了It was/will be一段时间before.过了多久才；要过多久才误区警示：(1)本句型中be的形式既可用一般现在时又可用现在完成时，但since从句中的谓语动词一定要用过去时。(2)since从句中的动词假设是非延续性动词，句子意思是肯定含义，即：自从干至今已多久了。从句中的谓语动词

25、假设是延续性的，句子意思是否认含义，即：自从不干已经多久了。朗文在线：Its two weeks since Ive seen you.自从我上次见到你到现在已有两星期了。It will be some time before we know the full results.再过些时候我们才能知道全部结果。活学巧练：(1)()It was said that it would be at least three more months_he could recover and return to work.Awhen BbeforeCsince Dthat答案与解析：B根据句意逻辑，reco

26、ver“康复应在时间段three more months之后。s years_he worked here.Awhen BthatCbefore Dsince答案与解析：D句意：他不在这里工作已经好多年了。10And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。精讲拓展：the first time第一次This is the first time that.意为“某人第一次做某事，从句中要用现在完成时。the first time作为连词，引导状语从句，强调第一次做某事的时候。It is time for sth

27、.该；是的时间了It is(high) time for sb.to do sth.某人该做某事了It is time that sb.did sth.(动词用过去时)某人该做某事了误区警示：the first time作为连词引导状语从句时，本身是连词，没必要加when更不能在the前加介词for。朗文在线：The first time I flew in a plane I was really nervous.我第一次乘飞机时确实很紧张。Andrews been promoted？Thats the first time Ive heard about it.安德鲁升职了？这事我头一次听

28、到。活学巧练：(1)At yesterdays party，Kevin and Nancy were introduced to each other_.Athe first time Bfor some timeCfor the first time Dat the first time答案与解析：C根据句意，这是他们第一次见面，故用for the first time做状语。(2)_I saw the West Lake，I was struck by its beauty.AThe first time BFor some timeCFor the first time DAt the

29、first time答案与解析：A此题考查the first/last/next time从句相当于时间状语从句的用法。11现在完成时(1)现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响。He has gone out.他出去了。(对现在的影响：他不在这儿。)(2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态，只能同延续性动词连用(如live，stay，study，read等)，常与for., since.等构成的表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He has worked in this factory since he was 28.他自从28岁就在这个厂工作。(3)现在完成时可以用在条件或

30、时间状语从句中，表示从句动作完成之后主句动作才进行。Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework.我做完作业就回家。(4)现在完成时还可和表示从过去延续到现在，并包括现在在内的时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有up to now，so far等。We have learned many things from you so far.迄今为止我们从你那里学到了很多东西。(5)现在完成时表示过去的经验和经历，常用的时间状语有：before，ever，once，many times等。Have you seen the tiger before?你

31、以前见过老虎吗？(6)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别首先是其行为发生时间的不具体性，一般过去时往往与明确的过去时间状语连用。其次是现在完成时强调与现在情况的关系(一般过去时与现在没联系)。一般过去时表示的是过去的行为现在已终止了，而现在完成时表示动作一直延续到现在，并有可能延续下去。He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在住了四年了。(动作仍在继续)He lived in Beijing for four years.他在住过四年了。(动作已在过去结束)注意以下几个容易用错的状语：1)just与just now：just“刚刚，强调的是现在的情况，用于现

32、在完成时；just now“刚刚，只谈过去发生的事，用于一般过去时。I have just finished it.我刚刚做完。(侧重于现在的情况)I finished it just now.我是刚刚做完的。(侧重于讲述刚刚发生的事)He went there just now.他是刚刚去的。(侧重于刚刚去那儿这件事，而不谈现在怎么样)2)ago与since，for：ago“一段时间以前，用于一般过去时而不能用于现在完成时；since，for表示“从过去的某一时间持续到说话之时的现在，用于现在完成时而不用于过去时， 此外，要注意“since时间上的一点，“for时间上的一段的用法。He li

33、ved in the city two years ago.他两年前住在这个城市。(只讲两年前的事)He has lived in the city for two years.他在这个城市生活两年了。(从两年前直到现在)He has lived in the city since (since two years ago)他自以来/两年前就生活在这个城市。(从两年前直到现在)3)when与how long：when用于一般过去时，how long多用于现在完成时。When did you come here?你什么时候来这里的？I came here three days ago.我三天前来

34、的。How long have you been here?你来这儿多长时间了？I have been here for three days.我来这儿已经三天了。4)使用某些时间状语如this morning，this afternoon时，谓语动词既可用一般过去时，也可用现在完成时。这主要根据说话人说话的时间而定。We had four classes this morning.今天上午我们上四节课。(说话时不是上午，可能是下午或晚上)We have had four classes this morning.今天上午我们上了四节课。(说话是上午)活学巧练：(1)My friend, wh

35、o _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.A. served B. is servingC. had served D. has served答案与解析：D句意：我的那位一直效劳于国际奥林匹克委员会的朋友，下个月就要退休了，serve这个动作在过去已经开始，持续到现在，还要持续一个月，所以应用现在完成时has served。(2)My brother is an actor. He _ in several films so far.A. appears B. appeared

36、C. has appeared D. is appearing答案与解析：C考查动词的时态。由句尾的关键词so far可推断出答案为C。(3)Years ago we didnt know this, but recent science _ that people who dont sleep well soon get ill.A. showed B. has shownC. will show D. is showing答案与解析：B考查动词的时态。根据上下文，现今的科学已经说明了不能有好的睡眠的人会很快得病，强调现在的情况和结果。故用现在完成时态。(4)The coffee is wo

37、nderful! It doesnt taste like anything I _ before.A. was having B. haveC. have ever had D. had ever had答案与解析：C考查现在完成时态的用法。解题要点在于两个重要的词“before和“ever上，咖啡的味道很棒，不像以前我曾经尝过的任何东西。(5)The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A. change B. has changedC. changing D. have changed答案与解析：B考查时态。考生容易受思维定势

38、的影响而误选C，认为是be used to doing结构，其实分析句子可以看出，he was used to是省略了关系代词which (that) 引导的定语从句，修饰life，所选局部应是谓语动词；再根据后面的since 1992可以看出应用现在完成时态，并且主语是第三人称单数life，由此看出应选B。考 题 演 练1.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 1997.A. is B. areC. has been D. have been答案与解析：C此题

39、考查主谓一致及时态的运用。“the number ofn.作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。2The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.A. has grown B. have grownC. grew D. are growing答案与解析：A此题考查时态和主语的单复数。做此类题目时要注意前后联系，结合语境我们可以判断出所填的空中应该用现在完成时时态。再就是要牢记某些词

40、的特殊用法，population这个词的用法在平时学习中肯定已经涉及过，只要记住它的用法，此题就很好做了。本句中谈论的人口的增长是从1949年一直到现在的人口的增长，所以应该用现在完成时态。又因为population作主语强调整体而非人时谓语动词应该用单数，所以此题选A项。3The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library.A. access B. passageC. way D. approach答案与解析：A句意：这个系统的目的在于让学

41、生们方便快捷地使用图书馆的数字资料。access to为固定用法，意为：可以利用，可以到达。4You are confident about the job interview, arent you?_. Im well prepared and feel Ive got everything they need.A. Sure, I am B. Its hard to sayC. I hope so D. Well, maybe答案与解析：A句意：你对这次招聘面试是很自信，是吗？当然了，我已做好了充分准备并感觉他们需要的我都有。B项为“很难说；C项“我希望这样；D项“好吧，或许是，及上下文中

42、出现的时间状语均不合题意。5Thank you for your MP4 player. Ill ask Mary to take it to you soon._. Ive bought a new one.A. No sense B. No hurryC. No way D. No use答案与解析：B句意：谢谢你的MP4，我很快就会让玛丽把它带给你。_。我已经买了一个新的。根据上下文可知此处应填B项，意为“不用着急。A项意为“没有意义；C项意为“不可能；D项意为“没有用，均不合题意。6What is the price of petrol these days?Oh, it _ sharply since last month.A. is raised B. has risenC. has arisen D. is increased答案与解析：B由since last month可知应该用现在完成时。首先排除A、D。再根据句意可知应该选B。rise是不及物动词，意为“上升，符合题意。arise意为“站立，出现，均不符合语境。7A notice was _ in order t