2022年树形图 .pdf

《2022年树形图 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年树形图 .pdf（21页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、B 发布enmajor / tem4 1 树形图详细讲解1. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences. a) The old lady suddenly left. Det A N Qual V b) The car stopped at the end of the road. Det N V P Det N P Det N c) The snow might have blocked the road. Det N Aux Aux V Det N d) He never appears quite matu

2、re. N Qual V Deg A 2. The following phrases include a head, a complement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for each. a) full of people AP A P N full of people b) a story about a sentimental girl NP NP PP Det N P NP Det A N a story about a sentimental girl c) often read detective

3、stories VP Qual V NP A N often read detective stories 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 2 d) the argument against the proposals NP NP PP Det N P NP Det N the argument against the proposals e) move towards the window VP V PP P Det N move towards the window 3.

4、 Draw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences. a) The jet landed. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det N Pst V The jet landedb) Mary became very ill. InflP(=S)NP Infl VP N Pst V AP Deg A Mary became very ill 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 3 c) What

5、 will you talk about? CP NP C S N Infl NP Infl VP VP NP V P N What will you e talk about e d) The apple might hit the man. S NP VP Det N Aux V NP Det N The apple might hit the man OR InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det N V NP Det N The apple might hit the man 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，

6、共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 4 e) He often reads detective stories. S NP VP N Qual V NP A N He often reads etective stories OR InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Pres N Qual V NP A N He often reads etective stories 4. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the mo

7、difier(s), then draw the tree structures. a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det A N Pst V NP Det A N A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 5 b) A huge moon hung in the

8、 black sky. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det A N Pst V PP P NP Det A N A huge moon hung in the black sky c) An unusual event occurred before the meeting. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det A N Pst V PP P NP Det N An unusual event occurred before the meeting d) A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill. InflP(=S)

9、 NP Infl VP Det A NP Pst V PP A N P NP Det A N A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill 5. The following sentences all contain conjoined categories. Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 6 a) Jim has washed

10、the dirty shirts and pants. InflP(=S) NP VP N Aux V NP Det A NP N CON N Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants OR InflP(=S) NP VP N Infl V NP Det A NP N CON N Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants b) Helen put on her clothes and went out. S NP VP N VP CON VP VP NP V Adv V P Det N Helen put on

11、 her clothes and went out 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 7 OR InflP(=S) NP Infl VP N Pst VP CON VP VP NP V Adv V P Det N Helen put on her clothes and went out c) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics. S NP VP N VP CON VP VP NP VP NP V A P N V

12、 A P N Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics OR InflP(=S) NP Infl VP N Pres VP CON VP VP NP VP NP V A P N V A P N Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 8 d) The detective went out and the

13、mysterious man came in. S S CON S NP VP NP VP Det N V Adv Det A N V Adv The detective went out and the mysterious man came in e) Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt. S NP VP CP N V C S S CON S NP VP NP VP N Aux V Det N Aux V Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will

14、melt 6. The following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function as complements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence. a) You know that I hate war. S NP VP CP N V C S NP VP N V NP N You know that I hate war 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结

15、 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 9 OR CP C InflP(=S) NP Infl VP CP N Pres V C S NP VP N V NP N You know that I hate war b) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over. S NP VP CP N V C S NP VP CP N V C S NP VP Det N VL A He said that Tom asked whether the class was over 精选学习资料 - -

16、- - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 10 c) Gerry can t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam. S NP VP N VP NP CP Aux Neg V NP C S Det N NP VP N V NP Det A N Gerry can not believe the fact thatAnna flunked the English exam 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

17、- - - - -第 10 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 11 d) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce. S NP VP CP N VL A C S NP VP Det N V NP NP N Det N Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce e) The children argued over whether bats had wings. S NP VP CP Det N VP C S V P NP VP N

18、V NP N The children argued over whether bats had wings 7. Each of the following sentences contains a relative clause. Draw the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of the sentences. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 12 a) The essay that h

19、e wrote was too long. Deep structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V AP C S Deg P NP Infl VP N V NP N The essay he wrote that was too long Surface Structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V AP C S Deg P NP NP Infl VP N N Pst V NP N The essay that he wrote e was too long 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第

20、 12 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 13 b) The dog that he keeps bites. Deep structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V C Infl S Pres NP VP N V NP N The dog he keeps that bites Surface Structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V C S NP NP Infl VP N N Pres V NP N The dog that he keeps e bites 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结

21、- - - - - - -第 13 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 14 c) Herbert found the man she loved. Deep structure CP C S NP VP N Infl V NP CP Det N C S NP Infl VP NP N V N Herbert found the man she loved who Surface Structure CP C S NP VP N Infl V NP CP Det N S C NP Infl VP NP NP N V N N Herbert found the man (who

22、m) she loved e 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 15 d) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics. Deep structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V PP P NP C Infl S N NP VP PP N Qual VP NP V P N The girl he often quarrels with whom majors in linguisti

23、cs Surface Structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V PP P NP C S N NP NP Infl VP PP N N Qual VP NP V P N The girl whom he often quarrels with e majors in linguistics 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 16 8. The derivations of the following sentences involve the inve

24、rsion transformation. Give the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of these sentences. a) Would you come tomorrow? Deep structure CP C S VP NP AdvP N Infl V Adv you would come tomorrow Surface structure CP C S VP NP AdvP Infl N Infl V Adv would you e come tomorrow 精选学习资料 - - - -

25、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 17 b) Can you pass me the newspaper? Deep structure CP C S VP NP NP NP N Infl V N Det N you can pass me the newspaper Surface structure CP C S VP Infl NP NP NP N Infl V N Det N Can you e pass me the newspaper 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳

26、总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 18 c) Should the students report the incident? Deep structure CP C S VP NP NP Det N Infl V Det N the students should report the incident Surface structure CP C S VP Infl NP NP Det N Infl V Det N should the students e report the incident 精选学习资料 - - - -

27、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 19 d) What did you eat for lunch? Deep structure CP C S VP NP PP NP NP N Infl V P N N you did eat what for lunch Surface structure CP NP C S VP Infl NP PP NP NP N N Infl V P N N what did you e eat e for lunch 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳

28、总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 20 e) Who should this be reported to ? Deep structure CP C S VP NP PP VP NP N Infl V V P N this should be reported to whom Surface structure CP NP C S VP N Infl NP PP VP NP N Infl V V P N whom should this e be reported to e 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归

29、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 21 页B 发布enmajor / tem4 21 f) What was Helen bringing to the party? Deep structure CP C S VP NP PP NP NP N Infl V P N Det N Helen was bringing what to the party Surface structure CP NP C S VP N Infl NP PP NP NP N Infl V P N Det N what was Helen e bringing e to the party 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 21 页