复件名词性从句.ppt

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1、Grammar基本句型基本句型:1.S+V2.S+V+P3.S+V+O4.S+V+O+O5.S+V+O+C6.There be主、谓、宾、主、谓、宾、定、状、补定、状、补Grammar: 名词性从句名词性从句 1.定义和作用定义和作用2.分类分类3.结构结构4.连接词连接词5.连接词的选择连接词的选择6.连接词的省略与否连接词的省略与否7. 名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序8.其它其它分类分类:1. 主语从句主语从句2. 宾语从句宾语从句3. 表语从句表语从句4. 同位从句同位从句结构结构:连词连词+主语主语+谓语谓语()连接词连接词1.连接代词连接代词: 指人指人: who / whoeve

2、r;whom/whomever whose / whosever 指物指物/事事: what/whatever, which/whichever2.连接副词连接副词: 时间时间: when / whenever 地点地点: where / wherever 原因原因: why 方式方式: how / however 其它其它: how much; how many; how far; how long; how soon how often3. 连接词连接词:1. whether / if2. as if / as though3. that 1.连接代词连接代词: 主语主语,宾语宾语, 表语

3、表语, 定语定语2.连接副词连接副词: 状语状语3.连接词连接词: 不担当句子成分不担当句子成分从句缺主、宾、表：从句缺主、宾、表：连接代词连接代词非指人：非指人：what指人：指人：who(ever)/whom(ever)从句缺定语：从句缺定语：“哪一个哪一个(无论哪一个无论哪一个)”：which(ever)“谁的（无论谁的）：谁的（无论谁的）：whose(ever)从句缺状语：从句缺状语：连接副词连接副词指时间：指时间：when(ever)指地点：指地点：where(ver)指原因：指原因：why指方式指方式/过程：过程：how(ever)其他：其他：how many;how often;

4、how soon; how long从句不缺成分，只缺如下意思：从句不缺成分，只缺如下意思：“是否是否”：_“好象好象”：_从句不缺从句不缺成分成分、不缺、不缺意思意思，并且，并且不带疑问色彩：不带疑问色彩：的省略的省略whether/ifas if / as thoughthat1. _ I need is more time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which高考链接高考链接2. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. 高考真题高考真题 A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoev

5、er D. Who3. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. (2004 上海上海 37) A. where B. what C. that D. how4. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. 高考真题高考真题 A. Because B. That C. / D. What5. The other day, my brother drove his car do

6、wn the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004 上海上海 春春 38) A. as B. which C. what D. that6. That is _ the accident happened at our school gate yesterday. A.where B.when C.who D.howwhether / if 的区别：的区别：1.whetheror not2.whether to do3.引导主语、表语、同位语从句引导主语、表语、同位语从句4.在介词之后在介词之后5.在在discuss之后之后2.

7、_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 高考真题高考真题 A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That位置：位置：及物动词及物动词 / 介词介词+ 宾从宾从1. 省略省略that： a) I heard（that） he joined the army. b) I know (that) she was born in the country and that she came here to look for a job.2. 时态一致：其时态一致：其时态时态与主句与主句

8、保持一致保持一致.3.否定的否定的前置前置3.否定的转移否定的转移: sb +think that 类似用法的类似用法的v：consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine 例如：例如： I dont think (that) this dress fits you well. 一般结构是一般结构是: 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句 可以接表语从句的系动词有可以接表语从句的系动词有: be, look, remain, seem等等1.The reason why is that 2.That is because 3.That i

9、s why表语从句表语从句:主语从句主语从句: 一般都是放在一般都是放在句首句首, 但但有时为了使句子结构平衡有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免避免 “头头重脚轻重脚轻”, 常用常用 it 作作形式主语形式主语, 而把从而把从句放在句放在后面后面。 例如例如: It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. / n. +从句从句 It is a _ that. 遗憾的是遗憾的是 It is _ that. 很可能很可能 It is _ that. 有必要有必要/重

10、要重要 2) It +不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 It _ that. 似乎似乎 It happened that. pity / shamepossible碰巧碰巧 seems/appearsessential3) It + be +过去分词过去分词+从句从句 据说据说 It is _ that. 众所周知众所周知It is _ to all that. 据报道据报道 It is _ that. 人们相信人们相信 It is _ that. 有人建议有人建议 It is _ that. saidknownreportedbelievedsuggested 4) . It is impor

11、tant / natural / necessary / impossible that. 虚拟语气虚拟语气: should + 动词原形动词原形 should有时有有时有感情色彩感情色彩。如。如: It is important that you should learn English well.同位语从句同位语从句 1. 从词类上区别从词类上区别 同位语从句同位语从句前面的前面的名词名词只能是只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility,

12、promise, order等等有一定内涵有一定内涵的的名词名词 定语从句定语从句的的先行词先行词可以是可以是名词名词,代词代词,主主句的句的一部分一部分或是或是整个主句整个主句。 同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别: : He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. Word came that he had been abroad. Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. (定语从句定语从句) ( (同位语从句同位语从句) ) 2.2

13、.从性质上区别从性质上区别 定语从句定语从句是从句对其先行词的是从句对其先行词的修饰修饰或限制或限制, ,属于形容词性从句的范畴属于形容词性从句的范畴 同位语从句同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词是从句对前面抽象名词作作进一步的说明和解释进一步的说明和解释, ,属于名词性从属于名词性从句的范畴，如句的范畴，如: : The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句同位语从句, 补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什么消到底是一个什么消息息) The news that h

14、e told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句定语从句, news在从句中作在从句中作told的逻辑宾语的逻辑宾语) 3. that引导的定从和名从引导的定从和名从 ： that引导引导定语从句定语从句时时, 在从句中一般作在从句中一般作主语主语宾语宾语表语表语 (指人指人/物物/事）（指物时事）（指物时that=which, 指人时指人时that=who/whom, 并且并且作宾语时常常作宾语时常常省略省略; that在在同位语从句同位语从句中仅起连接作用中仅起连接作用, 不不充当任何成分充当任何成分, 并

15、且并且不能省略不能省略, 也不能用也不能用which/who/whom来代替，如来代替，如: a) The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. (同位语从句同位语从句, 是对是对order的具体解的具体解释释, that虽不作成分虽不作成分, 但不能省略但不能省略) b) The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other g

16、roups. (定语从句定语从句, 是名词是名词order的修饰语的修饰语, that在从句中作在从句中作received的宾语的宾语, 可以省略可以省略) 1. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact _ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why 练一练！练一练！3. The news _ he told us yesterday is not t

17、rue, but the news _ our team has won the match is true. A. /; that B. that; / C. that; which D. that; who4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which5. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D.

18、 when 6. One of the men held the view _ was right. A. that B. what that C. that what D. whether that 引导同位语从句，补充说明引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what引导引导主语从句主语从句, 并在并在同位语从句同位语从句中作中作主语主语。1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (04)2. The road is covered with snow. I cant understa

19、nd _ they insist on going on motor-bike. (04)3. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (04)wherewhywhat填入适当的连词填入适当的连词:that4. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. (04)5. The shopkeeper did not want to s

20、ell for _ he thought was not enough. (05)6. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _Im talking to. (04)whatwhoever7. Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. (04)8. These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can (do) to s

21、ave them. (00)9. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? (01)howwhateverwhich10. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. (04)11. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.12. The way he did it was different from

22、_ we were used to. (05)whatthatwhat13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. (05)14. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05)15. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth. (05)whywhateverwhether单单 句句 改改 错错1. He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart.2. My worry is that he can get there on time.3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard.4. What we need are time.5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.isthatwhetherthatwhichever