Unit-8-Causes-of-Disease.ppt

《Unit-8-Causes-of-Disease.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit-8-Causes-of-Disease.ppt（37页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Objectives To learn: causes of disease in Chinese medicine pathological characteristics of the six pernicious influences pathological characteristics of the seven emotions etiology of headache in Chinese medicine some useful terminologies of Chinese medicineContents Warmup Collaborative reading & te

2、xt analysis Terminology & translation Special Expressions Exercises1. Warm-up Vocabulary learningread aloud Vocabulary exercise on p1412. Collaborative reading & text analysis2. Collaborative reading structure Part 1 (para. 1-2) : an introduction to TCM etiology Part 2 (para. 3-14): the six pernicio

3、us influences Part 3 (para. 15-18): the seven emotions Part 4 (para. 19-20): other sources of disharmonyQuestions 1. Could you please explain the different understandings of disease causes in Chinese and Western medicine? 2. Could you please describe the six pernicious influences by using specific e

4、xamples? 3. Could you please interpret the seven emotions by using specific examples? 4. Could you please list some other sources of diseases?2. Collaborative reading 12 students a group, 3 stus for one part Read together, pause when needed Write to cover main idea for your part. _ is an elaboration

5、 on _. In other words, _. For instance, _. share1 student from Part I1 student from Part II1 student from Part III1 student from Part IV3. Terminology & translaiton 邪气；邪；病邪 Pathogen 外邪 External pathogen 时邪 Seasonal pathogen 阴邪、阳邪、合邪（合：combined） 六淫 Six abnormal climatic factors 风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火、热（邪） Wind,

6、 cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, fire, heat 外（风、寒、湿、燥） External (wind, cold, dampness, dryness) 内（风、寒、湿、燥） internal (wind, cold, dampness, dryness) 风寒、风热、风湿、风燥、风痰 Windcold windheat, winddampness, wind dryness, windphlegm 寒湿、风寒湿、湿热、湿火、湿浊 cold-dampness wind-cold-dampness， dampness-heat ，dampness

7、-fire ，dampness turbidity 浊邪、秽浊、暑气、暑热、暑湿 turbid pathogen foul turbidity ，summerheat qi，summerheat-heat，summerheat- dampness 燥气、燥热、凉燥、温燥、温邪 dryness qi dryness-heat ，cool dryness，warm dryness，warm pathogen 疫疠、伏气 Pestilence ，latent qi 时行戾气; 疠气; 疫毒 epidemic pathogen 毒 toxin 热毒、火毒、湿毒、寒毒、时毒、麻毒、内毒、胎毒、蛊毒 he

8、at toxin fire toxin， dampness toxin ，cold toxin， seasonal toxin ， measles toxin ， internal toxin ， fetal toxin ，parasitic toxin 瘴毒; 瘴气 Miasmic toxin 恶气 malign qi 內伤 internal damage 五志 five minds ：a collective term for joy, anger, thought, anxiety, and fear, the same as five emotions 五志过极 excess amon

9、g the five minds 五志化火 transformation of the five minds into fire 七情 seven emotions 喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊 joy ，anger ，melancholy ， thought ，sorrow， fear， fright 劳倦、房劳 overexertion and fatigue， sexual overindulgence 五味偏嗜、饮食不节、酒癖 flavor predilection，dietary irregularities， liquor addiction 水土不服 failure to accl

10、imatize to a new environment 痰饮 phlegm-retained fluid 饮; 水饮 retained fluid 水湿、痰湿 water-dampness phlegm-dampness 瘀血 static blood / blood stasis / stagnant blood 禀赋不足 constitutional insufficiency 三因 three causes 內因 Internal/ endogenous cause 外因 External/ exogenous cause 不內外因 cause neither internal nor

11、 external (non-endo-exogenous cause) 辨证求因 /辨證求因 seeking cause of disease through differentiation of syndromes Translation example 1 六淫自外侵犯人体属于外因；七情直接伤及内脏属于内因；其它如饮食不节、过劳，外伤、虫害等属于不内外因。 six pathogenic factors invading the body from the outside pertain to exogenous pathogenic factors; the seven emotions

12、 directly doing harm to the internal organs are attributed to endogenous pathogenic factors; other pathogenic factors, such as improper diet, overwork, trauma, insect and animal bites, etc. , are said to be non-endo-exogenous pathogenic factors. Translation example 2 风邪致病多在春季；暑邪致病通常在夏季；湿邪致病通常发生在夏至后；

13、燥邪致病多在秋季；寒邪致病见于冬季。 Diseases caused by wind-pathogen mostly occur in spring; summer-heat diseases usually appear in summer; damp diseases often happen in late summer; dry diseases arise most often in autumn and cold diseases are often seen in winter. Translation example 3 普通感冒通常由风寒之邪所致；泻泄由湿热之邪所致；风寒湿夹

14、杂而致痹症。 Common cold results frequently from pathogenic wind and cold; diarrhea is caused by pathogenic dampness and heat; bi-syndrome (arthralgia) is caused by pathogenic wind, cold and dampness. Translation example 4 体内寒邪可化热，暑湿可以化火化燥伤阴。 Pathogenic cold in the body may transform into heat and summer-

15、heat dampness may bring about dryness and fire to impair yin.Translation example 5 中医云：“怒伤肝；喜伤心；忧伤肺；思伤脾；惊恐伤肾” TCM says, Anger impairs the liver; excessive joy impairs the heart; grief or melancholy impairs the lung, pensiveness impairs the spleen, and fright or fear impairs the kidney .Translation e

16、xample 6 “怒则气上；喜则气缓；悲则气消；恐则气下；惊则气乱；思则气结” Anger causes the qi (of the liver) to ascend; joy makes the qi (of the heart) sluggish; grief makes the qi (of the lung) consumed; fear induces the qi (of the kidney) to dissipate; fright causes the disorder of the qi (of the kidney) ; and pensiveness brings

17、about the depression of the qi (of the spleen). Translation example 7 六淫通常由肌肤口鼻侵犯人体，在早期多属于表证 The six exogenous pathogens usually invade the body through the skin, mouth and nose, and most are exterior syndromes at the early stage of the onset. Translation example 8 七情致病，则是直接影响相应的脏腑而发病。因为某一脏腑与某一情志活动有

18、密切关系。 The seven emotions directly affect the corresponding zang-fu organs to bring on diseases because a certain zang-fu organ is closely related to a certain emotional activity. 4. Special expressions 风为百病之长 Wind is the first and foremost factor to cause various diseases 诸暴强直，皆属于风 Sudden spasm and

19、rigidity of muscles result from wind.Special expressions 诸胀腹大，皆属于热 Abdominal distension is mainly related to heat 有形之痰 visible phlegm 无形之痰 invisible phlegm5. Translation exercise 根据中医学理论，人之所以生病是由于自然环境、人自身的情志及生活方式等因素的改变而造成的。破坏人体的相对平衡状态，并引起疾病发生的原因就是病因。致病因素多种多样，诸如外感六淫、七情内伤，饮食失宜、劳逸失度等，均可成为病因而导致发病。 Accor

20、ding to TCM, people get sick because there is disharmony caused by changes in certain factors the environment, emotion, the patients lifestyle and so on. The cause of imbalance or disorder of human body is referred to as a pathogenic factor. Pathogenic factors include the six abnormal climatic factors, seven emotions, improper diet, overwork and excessive rest, etc., all of which can cause disease.结束结束