unit4-global-warming-Reading阅读课件.ppt

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1、Unit 4 Global warmingReading高二人教新课标版选修六高二人教新课标版选修六Pre-reading1. Have you ever seen a greenhouse?is made of glass used for growing plants, especially during cold weather.2. How does the greenhouse work?The air inside was warm because the glass traps(挡住挡住, 吸收吸收) the heat from the sun and keeps it from

2、 escaping(逃跑逃跑). This makes the greenhouse heat up(热量热量上升上升) and so the plants can grow throughout(在在期间期间) the cold period.3. What are Greenhouse Gases?Methane4Ozone51Carbon dioxide2Water vapor1 1Nitrous oxide34. Greenhouse EffectGlobal warmingGreenhouse gases trapped the heat from the sun, which ca

3、uses the temperature of earth goes up. Greenhouse effectGreen house effectTHE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER BUT DOES IT MATTER? Reading 1) How many paragraphs does the reading 2) Make a division of the text.Read the passage quickly (3)text consist of? Please number them.Fast-ReadingMain ideas of each par

4、t:Introduce a debate over the issue of global warming. raising a questionHow global warming comes about.giving examples,using graphs, explanation List two different attitudes among scientists towards global warming.Its up to readers to think and decide whether people should do something about global

5、 warming or not.giving examples, making contrastleaving a questionAre the risks too great?So can you predict the future of the global warming? Who writes this article?Sophie Armstrong of Earth CareWhat rose about one degree Fahrenheit?The temperature of the earthCareful readingIntroduction of global

6、 warming. 2. _1. _(2-5)How global warming comes about?the burning of fossil fuels human activityCarbon dioxideMethaneWhat are the Greenhouse gases?1.2.3.Water vaporWhat are the effects of global warming?v a rise in the sea level v Severe storms, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases, and the dis

7、appearance of speciesv Make plants grow fastereffectsRead and answer the questions. 1. Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?2. What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?1. Sophie Armstrong, Earth Care.2. Dr Janice Foster, Charles Keeling, George

8、Hambley.3. What do the three scientists think about global warming? believes it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in a big increase in carbon dioxide.Dr. Janice FosterGeorge HambleyCharles Keelingthinks the effects of globalm warming could be very serious(严重的严重的).thinks

9、global warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.The different ideas between Dr. Janice Foster & George HambleyDr. Janice Foster George HambleyCarbon dioxide has caused the global temperature to _. An increase of five degrees would be a _ and could be _.More carbon dioxide is a _

10、thing,which makes crops _ more and will encourage _.go upcatastrophevery seriouspositiveproducea greater range of animals4. What are the two graphs about?The first graph shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000. The second graph shows the carbon dioxide content in

11、 the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.from around 315 parts per million to around 370 parts per millionHuge quantities of extra carbon dioxideFrom 1957 to 19975. What is the main topic of the article?Global warming/ the warming of the earth.1. Who found out the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

12、 from 1957 to 1977? A. Dr. Janice Foster. B. Charles Keeling. C. George Hambley. D. Sophie Armstrong.BChoose the best answer. 2. Which of the following is Dr Janice Fosters opinion? A. The result of the temperature increase will be serious. B. The amount of warming is nothing serious. C. We neednt w

13、orry about high levels of carbon dioxide. D. Global warming is a natural phenomenon.A3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. The temperature of the earth increased about one degree Fahrenheit during the 20th century. B. The carbon dioxide content in the air increased by 70 parts

14、per million from 1957 to 1997. C. All scientists accept the data in graph 2 except Charles Keeling. D. Janice Foster says that more carbon dioxide will make plants grow faster.A4. The author probably agrees that _A. actually global warming is good for man.B. we should do nothing about the global war

15、ming.C. catastrophes will happen if the globe keeps on warming.D. a lot remains to be found out about the effects of global warming.DTrue or false?1. The temperature in the last century did not seem to increase much. 2. Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans.3. J

16、anice Foster believes that she can measure the future global rise in temperature.TTF4. The rise in carbon dioxide is causing a steady increase in global warming. 5. George Hambley believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth.6. It is clear what the effects of global warmin

17、g will be.TTFSummaryTry to talk in general terms rather than in details.e.g: I learnt that the earth is becoming warmer. I learnt that global warming could have terrible effects on the environment. A : We shall do something about global warming.B: We shall do nothing about global warming.DebateWhat

18、we should do to protect our earth?Discussion:1. Reduce the burning of fossil fuels 2. Plant trees 3. Use bags that can be recycled It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. compare vt. 1)比较比较; 对照对照 comparewith表示表示“把把与与相比相比(同类相比同类相比)” 如：如： Compare your answers with those at the b

19、ack of the book to see if they are right. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下, 看看是否正确。看看是否正确。 Language points 2) 喻为喻为; 比拟比拟compareto 表示表示“把把比做比做(异类异类相比相比, 比喻比喻)” 如：如： Mans life is often compared do a candle.人生常被比为蜡烛。人生常被比为蜡烛。My handwriting can not be compared with my fathers.我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。我的书法不能与我父亲的相比

20、。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。知识拓展知识拓展compared to /with 与与相比相比, 一般在句子中作状语。一般在句子中作状语。Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very e about: 发生发生, 造成造成, 相当于相当于happen你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？ Can you tell me how the accident came 随着电的使用随着电的使用, 种种大变化发生了。种种大变

21、化发生了。With the use of electricity, great changes have come about. come out 出现出现; 传开传开; 公开公开come up 发生、举行发生、举行; 出现出现2. So how has this come about and does it matter?come about 是不及物短语。如：是不及物短语。如：1) Please tell me how the accident _. I am still in the dark. (2005 江西江西) A. came by B. came out C. came to

22、D. came aboutD2) Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. (湖北湖北2006) A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up 解析解析: 已经十点钟了已经十点钟了, 我不知道是怎么我不知道是怎么回事回事, 这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。come over 来访来访come out 出来出来, 出版出版come up 出现出现C3. There is no

23、doubt that.doubt 1) 作不可数名词作不可数名词, 作作“疑惑疑惑; 怀疑怀疑”肯定句中肯定句中doubt多接多接whether (一般不用一般不用if代替代替) 同位语从句。如同位语从句。如: Theres some doubt _ hell keep his promise. 他会不会信守诺言还难说。他会不会信守诺言还难说。 She had her doubts _ the new book would sell well. 她怀疑新书是否会畅销。她怀疑新书是否会畅销。whetherwhether否定句中否定句中doubt多接多接that同位语从句。如同位语从句。如: Th

24、ere is no doubt _ they will ask you for help. 毫无疑问毫无疑问, 他们会请你帮忙的。他们会请你帮忙的。 I have no doubt _ you will succeed. 我毫不怀疑你会成功的。我毫不怀疑你会成功的。2)作及物动词常用于下列句型中作及物动词常用于下列句型中, 作作“怀疑怀疑;不能肯定不能肯定; 不大相信不大相信”解解, 一般不用进行时态。一般不用进行时态。thatthat用于否定句或疑问句用于否定句或疑问句, 后接后接that引导的宾语引导的宾语从句。如从句。如: I dont doubt _ he is telling the

25、 truth. 我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。 Do you doubt _ he will win the match? 你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗? 用于肯定句用于肯定句, 一般接一般接whether 或或if引导的宾语引导的宾语从句。从句。 如如: I doubt _ we will make a profit out of it. 我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。 We doubt _ she will be persuaded. 我们不知道她会不会被说服。我们不知道她会不会被说服。 whether/ifwhether/ift

26、hatthat考点考点1 There is no doubt that .是固定是固定句型句型, 意为意为“毫无疑问毫无疑问”, that引导的引导的是同位语从句，用来进一步补充说明是同位语从句，用来进一步补充说明doubt的具体内容。如：的具体内容。如：Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (广东广东2005)A. which B. that C. what D. whetherB考点考点2 it is . that .构成强调句型构成强调句型, 强调强调的是主语的是主

27、语human activity。强调句型可。强调句型可强调主语、宾语或状语。如：强调主语、宾语或状语。如：It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. (重庆重庆2007)A. which B. itC. that D. this 解析解析: 将将it is和和that去掉后去掉后, 此句成为此句成为Not who is right but what is right is of importance, 句子完整句子完整, 故此题是一个故此题是一个强调句型。强调句型。BI dont mind her criticizi

28、ng me, but _ is how she does it that I object to. (江西江西2007)A. itB. thatC. this D. which 解析解析:去掉去掉it is和和that后后, 本句相当于本句相当于., but I object to how she does it, 是个完整是个完整的句子。故此句是的句子。故此句是it强调句型强调句型, 被强调被强调部分是宾语从句。部分是宾语从句。A4. phenomenon n. 现象现象; 奇迹奇迹; 罕见的人才罕见的人才或事物或事物eg: 雨雪是天气现象。雨雪是天气现象。Rain and snow are

29、 phenomena of the weather.eg: 不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply _.eg: 贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。Beethoven was _ among musicians.pl. phenomena as a social phenomenona phenomenon5. subscribe to1) 同意同意; 支持支持I dont subscribe to such views. 我不同意这样的观点。我不同意

30、这样的观点。 2) 对对.捐款捐款Many people subscribed liberally to the relief fund. 许多人为救灾基金慷慨解囊。许多人为救灾基金慷慨解囊。 3) (在文件等下面在文件等下面)签名签名He subscribed his name to a petition.他在请愿书上签名。他在请愿书上签名。4) 订阅订阅(书籍等书籍等)He subscribed to Readers Digest.他订阅他订阅读者文摘读者文摘。6. Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirt

31、y-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. 如果没有温室效应如果没有温室效应, 地球会比现在冷地球会比现在冷33。 这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句。这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句。 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示 出来出来, 而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式 表示。常用的词或短语有表示。常用的词或短语有: without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。等。 e.g. Without your help ( = If we had not had yo

32、ur help), we could not have succeeded要是没有你的帮助要是没有你的帮助, 我们是不会成功的。我们是不会成功的。He felt very tired yesterday, or he wouldhave attended the party他昨天很累他昨天很累, 不然他就参加那个聚会了。不然他就参加那个聚会了。But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modem industry 要是没有电要是没有电, 就不会有现代工业。就不会有现代工业。He was hav

33、ing a meeting with his students, otherwise he would have come. 他当时正与他的学生进行讨论他当时正与他的学生进行讨论, 否则否则的话他就来帮我们了。的话他就来帮我们了。 7. quantity n. 数量数量; 量量“a large/small quantity of +不可数名词不可数名词和可数名词复数和可数名词复数”表示表示“大量的大量的/少量的少量的”, 也可以用也可以用“large/small quantities of +不可数名词或可数名词复数不可数名词或可数名词复数”来表达。来表达。用法归纳用法归纳: a quanti

34、ty of 大量的大量的quantities of 大量的大量的There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下少量的水。瓶子里还剩下少量的水。She has quantities of good clothes.她有许多好衣服。她有许多好衣服。 特别提示特别提示a quantity of 后可接不可数名词或后可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。当它修饰名词可数名词的复数形式。当它修饰名词作主语时作主语时, 谓语名词用单数谓语名词用单数; 而而quantities of后同样可接不可数名词后同样可接不可数名词或可数名词的

35、复数形式或可数名词的复数形式, 但谓语用复数。但谓语用复数。amounts of + 不可数名词充当句子不可数名词充当句子的主语时的主语时, 其谓语动词用复数。其谓语动词用复数。8. go up 1) 上升上升Prices have gone up again. 物价又上涨了。物价又上涨了。 2) 被建造起来被建造起来New factories are going up everywhere. 到处在兴建新工厂。到处在兴建新工厂。 3) 被焚毁被焚毁The whole building went up in flames. 整幢楼被焚毁了。整幢楼被焚毁了。 9. It was a scient

36、ist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. 是一位名叫查尔斯是一位名叫查尔斯奎林的科学家把奎林的科学家把1957至至1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量作了精确的统计。作了精确的统计。解析解析: 该句是一个强调句。该句是一个强调句。amount of 习惯用语习惯用语:an amount of 相当数量的相当数量的; 一些一些any amount (of) 任

37、何数量任何数量(的的); 大量大量(的的)be of little amount 不重要不重要; 无价值无价值 amount n. 数量数量 large amounts of money 大量的金钱大量的金钱 In an invoice the amount of money should be written both in words and in figures.发票上的钱数要用字和数码写出来。发票上的钱数要用字和数码写出来。10. result in 结果结果; 致使致使; 导致导致主语主语: in 的宾语的宾语:起因起因结果结果Acting before thinking alway

38、s results _ failure.做事不先考虑总会导致失败。做事不先考虑总会导致失败。The accident resulted _ the death of two people.这场意外事故造成两人死亡。这场意外事故造成两人死亡。ininresult from 起于起于, 由于由于, 由由引起引起主语：主语： from 的宾语：的宾语：His sickness resulted _ eating too much. 起因起因结果结果fromcausebring about lead to cause 表示的因果关系比较直接表示的因果关系比较直接Smoking can cause lu

39、ng cancer.My car has caused me a lot of trouble. 2) bring about 表示的因果关系不那么表示的因果关系不那么直接直接The war brought about a reduction in the birth rate.3) lead to 相当于相当于causeThe strike could lead to a loss of jobs.11. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe

40、 that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面在另一方面, 还有一些人还有一些人, 对这一观点对这一观点持反对态度持反对态度, 像科学家乔治像科学家乔治 汉布利汉布利, 他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量的二氧化碳。的二氧化碳。分析分析: 该句是一个主从复合句。主句为该句是一个主从复合句。主句为there are those, like scientist George Hambley 作句子的插入语作句子的插入语, who引导的引导的定语从句修饰定语从句

41、修饰those, 且在该定语从句中且在该定语从句中其谓语动词其谓语动词believe又带有又带有that引导的引导的宾语从句。句子的主要部分可以表示为宾语从句。句子的主要部分可以表示为: . there are those who believe that . on the other hand: 另一方面另一方面Id like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money.I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be stud

42、ying. 我想去参加聚会我想去参加聚会, 但从另一方面来说但从另一方面来说, 我应该留下来学习。我应该留下来学习。12. oppose vt. 反对反对; 反抗反抗 如：如：I am opposed to going shopping with others.我反对与他人一起外出购物。我反对与他人一起外出购物。He is strongly opposed to the plan.他强烈反对这一计划。他强烈反对这一计划。oppose sth./doing sth. 反对某事反对某事/做某事做某事be opposed to sth./doing sth. 反对某事反对某事/做某事做某事oppos

43、e后若接动词后若接动词, 则用其动名词形式，则用其动名词形式，而不用动词不定式。而不用动词不定式。oppose doing sth.= object to doing sth. 反对做某事反对做某事The young man opposed/objected to turning to his parents for help.这个年轻人反对向他的父母求助。这个年轻人反对向他的父母求助。易混辨析易混辨析oppose (尤指采取行动尤指采取行动)反对反对, 反抗反抗(某事某事)be opposed to 一方面相当于一方面相当于be against“反对反对”; 另一方面相当于另一方面相当于be

44、 opposite to“相对相对”。13. consequence n. 结果结果, 后果后果, 影响影响nin consequence 因此因此nas a consequence 结果结果nas a consequence of 由于由于的结果的结果nIt rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled. nHe studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam. +n.14. state +that从句从句 +wh-从句；从句；他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。他已公开

45、声明他会支持那项政策。He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.stated his support我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。I heard the official state that they would not accept children.合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。The contract stated when the work should be finished.v. 陈述陈述, 声明；声明； n. 状况状况, 情况情况; 国家；国家；1)The former Ch

46、airman stated that China and Russia were developing a strong relationship.2) _they would continue to work there until the flood went away.(据称据称)据称据称vt. 陈述，说明5.statestatement =make aWater exists in three states: liquid, gas and solid.The roads are in a bad state after the severe winter weather. n.状态状

47、态, 情况情况,处于坏的处于坏的/好的状况中好的状况中 in a bad/good state国家国家,州州It is stated thatIt was stated that15. range v. 排列排列, 使成行使成行; 偏袒偏袒, 站在站在的方面的方面n. 范围范围(尤指从尤指从到到各种种类各种种类, 可供选择的可供选择的范围等范围等, 可加不定冠词可加不定冠词); 排列排列 beyond the range of 超越超越的范围的范围out of ones range 某人达不到的某人达不到的这家商店商品品种多。这家商店商品品种多。The shop keeps _.常可用于常可用

48、于: 1) 被动结构被动结构 2) range oneself；3) range from to / betweenand 从从到到不等不等a wide range of goods老师令其学生沿着小径排队。老师令其学生沿着小径排队。The teacher _ along the path.温度在温度在15度到度到35度之间。度之间。The temperature _.我们应当列身于法律与秩序的一边。我们应当列身于法律与秩序的一边。We should _ on the side of law and order.ranged his studentsranges from 15 to 35 d

49、egreesrange ourselves16. even if /though: 即使即使; 虽然虽然He will come on time even though it rains. 即使下雨即使下雨, 他还是会准时来的。他还是会准时来的。 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew. Even if she survives, shell never fully recover.Even though hes 24 now, hes still like a little child.I can still remember, even though it wa

50、s so long ago.7.on behalf ofOn behalf of the department I would like to thank you all.The manager cant be here today, so Im going to speak on his behalf.代表代表一方，作为一方，作为的代表人的代表人8.put up with 容忍，忍受=_I dont know how his parents put up with his bad behavior.I wont _any longer. (忍受他的粗鲁)I cant stand_ in pu