The-British-Government-Structure.ppt

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1、Government the Monarchy Parliament Cabinet and Ministry the Privy Council The principal Government departments and the Civil Service Local GovernmentThe Monarchy The oldest institution of government is Monarchy, ruled by king. Today: Britain is both a parliamentary demoncracy and a constitutional mo

2、narchy（君主立宪制） The Roles of Monarchy The symbol of the whole nation Head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary commander in chief of the armed forces “supreme government” of the church of the England.Parliament Queen/King Lords Spiritual Lords TemporalThe House

3、of CommonsThe House of Lords651 members of parliamentParliament Sovereign The House of Lords The House of CommonsThe House of Lords（上议院） is made up of the Lords Spiritual (神职议员）and the Lords Temporal（世俗议员） Its main function is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of law-makin

4、g Non-electedThe House of Commons（下议院） is elected by uiversal adult suffrage and consist of 651 members of parliament. Have the ultimate authority of law-making Elected Functions of Parliament 1) To pass law 2) To provide,by voting for taxation,the means of carrying on the work of government; 3) To

5、examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditureThe Cabinet(内阁) The Prime Minister presides over the Cabinet Is responsible for the allocation of functions among ministers and informs the Queen at regular meetings of general business of the Government. Cabinet member

6、s hold meetings under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister for a few hours each week to decide Government policy on major issues.Ministry Ministers are responsible collectively to Parliament for all Cabinet decisions; Individual Ministers are responsible to Parliament for the work of their departm

7、entThe Privy Council（枢密院） The chief source of executive power in the state and give private advice to the King. Today its role is largely formal, advising the sovereign to approve certain government decrees. Includes all Cabinet ministers, the speaker of the House of Common and senior British and Co

8、mmonwealth statement.The principal Government department Including the Treasury, the House of office, the Foreign and Commonwealth office, the Ministry of DefenseCivil Service（文职人员部） Members of the Civil Service are called Civil Servants. They staff government departments. Civil Servants do not belo

9、ng to any political party. Local Government There are two main tiers of local authority throughout England and Wales: counties and the smaller districts. Now, England and Wales are divided into 53 counties which are sub-divided into 369 districts. Greater London is divided into 32 boroughs. Thanks !