中考专题-名词、冠词、数词复习.docx

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1、名词、冠词、数词复习知识目标：熟练掌握名词、冠词、数词的常考用法；能力目标：能够灵活运用，适应不同类型的考题。重点：名词辨析、数词的运用难点：a/an以及the的区别【教学过程】课前小测1. Today is September 10th. Its_ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers 2 .He had something to write down and asked me for_, A. a paper B. som

2、e papers C some pieces papers D. a piece of paper3. The _ now is that we have lots of _ to ask, A. problem; questions B. question; problems C question; problem D. problem; question 4. - Can I just have a try? -Sure. It doesnt if you give a wrong answer. A. matter B. trouble C. mind D. care 5 .- Coul

3、d you move over a little and make some_ for me? - Sure. Please. A. place B. seat C. room D. ground 6. -What would you like to drink, girls? -_, please. A. Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffees C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cup of coffees 7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas

4、songs for _. A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks 8. Id like something to read. Would you please pass me the _? pen B. box C. ruler D. book 9. September 10th is _. A. Womens Day B. Childrens Day C. Mid-autumn Day D. Teachers Day 10. -How do you get home from _? By bus? -No, I walk. _ isnt very far

5、. A. school, The school B. the school, The school C. the school, School D. school, School 1There is _ report in todays newspaper. Its about the International Film Festival, Shanghai. A. aB. anC. theD. /2Haikou, capital of Hainan Province, is pretty city. A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the3- Mum

6、, where is my CD player? - Its in white bag on your desk. A. aB. an C. theD. 不填4- Have you seen _ mobile phone? I left it here just now.- No, I haven t. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填5Mr Smith always gives me _ hand when I am in trouble. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填6This is song Ive told you about. Isnt it beau

7、tiful one? Athe /theBa/a Cthe /aDa /the7Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a；theB. the；the C. the；aD. a；a8_ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school. A , an B. The, a C. The, the D. A, the9The cartoon Mulan is_ interesting fi

8、lm and_ story happened in China. A. a, the B. an, the C. the, a D. an, a 10They had _ wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went on to _ Mount Emei by bus. A. a; the B. /; the C. a; / D. the; a11During World War II, a Jewish (犹太) lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her _. A. fi

9、ftiesB. fiftyC. fiftiethD. the fiftieth12-How often are the Olympic Games held？ -_ four years. A. Every B. Each C. In D. For13Ive read _ sports news about the F1 race today. A. twoB. piecesC. two piecesD. two pieces of14_the students in these primary school is about three thousand, _of them are girl

10、s. A.A number of; two third B. The number of; two thirds C.A number of; two thirds D .The number of; two third15。The river through our city, which is about _, is clean again. A. 6000 metres long B. 6000-metres-long C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 metre long16It is reported that the train accident in Indi

11、a killed _ people. No Chinese was_ them. A. two hundred; among B. two hundreds; amongC. two hundred; between D. two hundreds; between17During the seven-day May Day holiday, families went sightseeing. A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousands and thousands D. thousands of18Whats one fourth and a half, do

12、you know? Yes, its _. A. two sixths B. three fourths C. one three D. three sixths19_ of the students are girls in our class A. Two three BTwo threes CTwo thirds DSecond three20The doctor worked for _ after twelve oclock. two more hours B. two another hour C. more two hours D. another two hour一冠词分为不定

13、冠词(a, an )和定冠词 (the)知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！（一）不定冠词的用法 1)用与可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一种类：例如： She is a girl. Pass me an apple , please. 2)、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。例如： A boy is waiting for you We work six days a week. 3). 表示 “一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one 强烈.例如: We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow. I have a mouth , a no

14、se, two eyes and two ears. 4). 用于某些固定的词组中.例如: a few, a little, a lot of注: 用a 还是an, 要看后面的词读音以辅音开头还是以元音开头.（二）定冠词的用法 1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)物.例如: the photo of the boy 2) 指双方都知道的人或物.例如: -Where are the new books, Jim? - They are on the small table. 3) 指上文提过的人或物.例如: Today he is making a machine. He wants to ride

15、the machine like a bike and fly it like a plane. 4). 用在世界上独一无二的事物前.例如: The sun is bigger than the moon. 5). 用在序数词或形容词最高级前.例如: The first truck is carrying a few baskets. The third one is carrying the fewest of all.6). 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如: the Great Wall the North Street Hospital7). 用在一些习惯用语中.例如: in th

16、e morning (afternoon, evening), on the left(right) at the end of（三）不用冠词的情况 1）在专有名词前和不可数名词前。例如：China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk 2）名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词。例如： The letter is in her pocket.I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 3）复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如： My father and mother ar

17、e teachers.I like cakes. 4）在星期、月份、季节、节日前。例如： It is Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.) Today is Mid-Autumn Day.It is cold in winter. 5）在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如： Uncle Wang likes making things.What colour are Mrs Greens shoes? 6）在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。例如： He went to school after breakfast. Can you play basketball?注： 在某些固定

18、词组中，如：at home, by bus, go to school 等的名词前不用冠词。课堂练习一单选1. One of his daughters became _ English teacher last August.A. a B. an C. the D. /2. We usually have three meals _ day. And we usually have breakfast at 8：00 every morning. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填3. Autumn is _ beautiful season with fresh air and

19、 fallen leaves.A. 不填 B. an C. the D. a4. Usually, its easier to make _ decision than to take action.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填5. To celebrate _ 70th birthday of the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Navy, there was a great parade in Qingdao on April 23.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填6. Benny, monitor of our clas

20、s, is such _ honest boy that we all trust him. A. 不填 B. a C. an D. the7. Life is like _ oneway street. It wont lead you back, so enjoy every moment ofyour own.A. a B. the C. an D. 不填8. Hurry up! If we miss the last bus, well have to get home by _ taxi.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. an9. I often spend one hour

21、 practising playing _ guitar after school with my best friend.A. an B. 不填 C. the D. a1. B2. A3. D4. A5. C6. C7. A8. A9. C二在空白处填入a / an或the。1. This morning I bought _ newspaper and _ magazine. _ newspaper is in my bag but I dont know where I put _ magazine.2. I saw _ accident this morning. _ car cras

22、hed into _ tree. _ driver of _ car wasnt hurt but _ car was badly damaged.3. There are two cars parked outside: _ blue one and _ grey one. _ blue one is my neighbours; I dont know who _ owner of _ grey one is.4. My friends live in _ old house in _ small village. There is _ beautiful garden behind _

23、house. I would like to have _ garden like that.1a ,a, The the 2.an, a, a, The ,the, the 3. A, a, the the, the 4. an, a, a, the, a二名 词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。（一）名词的分类类 别意 义例 词专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK, the Great Wall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个人的人或事物girl, student, factory, desk

24、, cat , country集合 名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称people, police, team, clothes, group, crew不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质water, ice, pork, cheese, cotton, broccoli抽象名词表示抽象概念的词fun, healthy, happiness, courage, love, care注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。 3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为

25、可数名词，而且以四上也有了变化。eg. beer -a beer 一杯啤酒， work- a work 工厂，著作 ，glass-a glass 一个玻璃杯， room空间-a room一个房间（二）名词的数：1、可数名词复数形式有规则变化，规则变化及其读音可依照下表：当名词为：词尾变化读 音例 词一般情况加s在清辅音后读/s/chips, jeeps, pats , clocks在浊辅音或元音后读/z/boys, sharpeners, sofas, drawers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词加es/iz/watches, boxes, classes, brushes以字母o结尾的单词加

26、s或es/z/zoos, photos, bamboos, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes,以辅音字母+y结尾的单词去y 变i加es/z/dictionaries, strawberries,以f 或fe结尾的单词去f或fe 变v 加 es/vz/leaves, wives, halves以th结尾的词加s/z/; /z/mouths, paths; months, deaths2、可数名词复数的不规则变化 改变单数名词中的元音字母 eg. man-men, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese, mouse-mice

27、单复数同形 eg. Chinese-Chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep, 由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数 eg. a man doctor men doctors, a woman teacher-women teachers 注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式 eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数, 实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数). eg. maths, phyiscs（物理

28、）, politics（政治）, news 3、 不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词。他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式。物质名词和抽象名词都属于不可数名词。不可数名词一般只有单数形式, 但有其特殊用法:(1) 同一个词,变成复数形式, 意义不同。eg. food 食物- foods 各种食物，time 时间 - times 时代，green 绿色 -greens 青菜(2) 有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物eg. hope -hopes 希望 hardship - hardships 艰苦(3) 物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示 eg. a cup of

29、tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, （三）名词的所有格名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+s；另一种是用of, 表示 “的”。1. (1) 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾 +s。 eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes (2) 以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾 + eg. teachers books (3) 两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+s; 如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面 +s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys room. (指两人共住一个

30、房间) Mrs Greens and Mrs Browns son. (指两人各自的儿子) (4) 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略 eg. the doctors (office) Mr. Whites2.(1) 没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。 eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom， (2) 名词的的定语较长时,有生命的事物也可用of短语表示。 eg. a long story of a 50-year-old man (4) 双重所有格 eg. a friend of his, the big

31、 nose of Toms(5) 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加s来构成所有格。eg. ten minutes walk, todays newspaper课堂练习一、单项选择1. )My daughter helps me cook, but she isnt old enough to be left alone in the _A. bedroom B. classroom C. lab D. kitchen2. You can see the _ in our faces when we talk about the great achievements

32、in the past.A. doubt B. pride C. regret D. love3.To keep our city beautiful, the _ are always very busy in the streets. We shouldnt throw rubbish everywhere.A. writers B. cleaners C. drivers D. policemen来源:学科网ZXXK4. )I know little about this product.Surf the Internet, and you will get much _ about i

33、t.A. news B. message C. suggestion D. information5. Sallys favorite _ is orange. Thats why all her sweaters are orange.A. fruit B. color C. juice D. bread6. Time past can not be called back again.Yes. Wasting time is a _A. fact B. joke C. choice D. shame7. )Simon wants to be a(n) _ in the future. He

34、 loves fixing machines.A. engineer B. coach C. officer D. player8. Online reading has several _.For example, we can read at any time.I agree with you, but in some ways, it is bad for our eyes.来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#KA. conditions B. problems C. purposes D. advantages9.You cant travel to a foreign country unl

35、ess you have a _A. map B. book C. passport D. watch10. When autumn comes, the _ on the tree turn yellow and fall. This makes the city more beautiful.A. sticks B. leaves C. flowers D. trees来源:学科网ZXXK11.The government is taking steps to change the terrible _ of air pollution in our country.A. situatio

36、n B. accidentC. mistake D. thought12.Did you see the program National Treasure last night?Yes, and I was deeply touched by Nie Ers _ to save our country.A. course B. task C. spirit D. ability13. Loss of _ is more serious than loss of wealth. Please put your body first.A. health B. dream C. sense D.

37、hope14. All _ were on him when he walked onto the stage.A. noses B. eyes C. mouths D. ears15. If you want to get this job, you are supposed to have more than two years working _A. knowledge B. experience C. environment D. relationship 16.If you pay much _ in class, you might actually learn something

38、.A. progress B. attentionC. hobbies D. opinions17. There are several new _ coming out in August. I cant wait to see them.A. songs B. games C. movies D. books18. I have had a _ for two days.I am sorry to hear that.You had better ask for a leave to see the dentist.A. cold B. toothache C. fever D. head

39、ache 19.I hung some _ painted by my father on the wall in my room. They made the whole room beautiful.A. pictures B. houses C. flowers D. photos20.It sounds like youre out of _I think you should have a rest first now.A. peace B. breath C. pain D. break1.D2. B3. B4. D5. B6. D7. A8. D9. C10. B11. A12.

40、 C13. A14. B15. B16. B17. C18. B19. A20. B二词汇运用21. We must take action to protect the animals in _(危险)22.Every year many _ (游客)from all over the world come to visit the Great Wall of China.23. When we make a _(承诺) to others, we should keep it.24.)Do you know what a healthy diet is like?Dont eat too

41、much meat but more fresh fruit and _(蔬菜)25. Its important to have confidence in our own _(文化) and history.26. After a weeks _(工作), I like to come back to the countryside to relax myself.27.If you work harder, youll have another _(机会) to play the violin at a concert.28. I will finish school in _(六月) and I am going to the countryside to work as a teacher.29. The_(字典) my brother gave me is very helpful for my English learning. Every time I meet a new word, I can look up the word in