定语从句提纲Why.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date定语从句提纲Why定语从句提纲Why定语从句n 定语从句知识框架定语从句结构先行词关系词定语从句（名词/代词）关系代词关系副词whowhomwhosethatwhich人人人/物人/物物主/宾（宾可省）宾（宾可省）定 (附属关系)主/宾（宾可省）主/宾（宾可省）when wherewhy时间状语地点状语原因状语+限制性定语从句（用法如上）非限制性定语从句（从句逗号隔开

2、，不可用that引导）=只用that,不用which的情况1. 先行词被序数词/最高级修饰时2. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时3. 先行词被every, some，little, much, no, any, all修饰时4. 先行词为不定代词时，如sth, sb, everyth5. 主句已有who/which/what时6. 先行词既有人又有物时注意：关系代词前有介词时，指人用“介+whom”,指物时用 “介+which”先行词从句中的成分去掉从句，句意缺去掉从句，句意整关系代词：as, who, whom,whose, wh

3、ich(指人/整句） 关系副词：when, where主谓一致：定语从句的人称和数应与先行词保持一致（主/宾/定）时间地点原因（状）不可用why引导宾不可省-n 如何选定定语从句关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。n 定语从句讲练1. who, whom, whose, which, that 用法区别. who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man_ is speaking at the meet

4、ing is a worker. The girl _ I meet just now is my friend. whom 作定语从句的宾语The woman _ they wanted to visit is a teacher. whose 作定语从句的定语(与先行词是附属关系，指人也指物)I know the girl_mother is a teacher. （附属关系，指_)I have a book_ cover is yellow. (附属关系，指_)that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.(宾可省） The man_ is speaking at the meeting is

5、a worker. The woman_they wanted to visit is a teacher. which 作定语从句的主语或宾语（宾可省）This is a truck _ is made in China.I like the book _you bought yesterday.只能用that的情况 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时Tom is the cleverest boy _I have ever known.This is the first play_ I have seen since I came here. 先行词被every, some, no, all

6、, any, little, much等修饰时Ive read all the books _you lend me. everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等不 定代词作先行词时 Everything_we saw in this film was true. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时This is the very book _belongs to him. 主句已有who或which时 Who is the girl_ is standing

7、under the tree?Which is the machine _we used last Sunday. 当先行词同时指人和物时Ive never heard of the people and things_you talked about just now.2. 关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前) .指人只用whom, 指物只用whichThis is the boy with_he talked.This is the ring on_ she spent 1000 dollars.3. 关系副词when, where, why的用法区别when先行词是时间，在句子当时间状语=介

8、词+whichI still remember the day_I first met him.where先行词是地点，在句子相当于地点状语=介词+whichThe dictionary is the only place_success comes before work.America is the country_ I was born.why先行词是原因，在句子相当于原因状语=for whichThis is the reason_ I was late for school.Can you tell me the reason _you lied to me?4. 非限制性定语从句w

9、ho, whom, whose, which, as, when, where在非限制性定从中的用法Tom, with_ I played football yesterday, lives in my next room.Mr Smith, _I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist.Thats Mr. Li, _daughter teaches English at a middle school. The play, _style is rigidly, is typical of the period.The weather turned

10、out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.Our guide,_ was a French, was an excellent cook.He will put off the picnic until May 1st, _he will be free. They went to London, _they lived for six months._we all know, the earth is round. Taiwan is,_you know, an inseparable part of China. as在非限制性定从中的

11、用法(as 在定语从句中可位于主句前、主句中或主句后，位于主句后=which） 位于主句前&后He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.As we all know, the earth is round 位于主句中，用于the sameas,suchas，asas, soas中，一般用as。Such books as you tell me are interesting.This is the same book as I lent you

12、yesterday.Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，有“正如.”的意思，动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等He won the match, as we had expected.He police were looking for him, as he thought.Dont trust such men as praise you to your face. (指人，作主语）We have arrived at the same c

13、onclusion as they have.(指物，作宾语） the same as 表示同一类人或物； the same that 指同一个人或物This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B 比较：.the same pen as I lost. 很像，不一定就是. the same pen that I lost. 就是我不见的那支笔5. 判断用关系代词还是关系副词1) 找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。 用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget th

14、e days _ I stayed with you.Please give me the reason _ you made such a great success.Do you remember the lake _ you first met your girlfriend.2) 如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。We went to visit the house _ the great writer used to live.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the

15、 earthquake.3) 如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。Kunming is a beautiful place _ flowers are seen all the year round.n Practice1. Do you know the man _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2. The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3. Those _ want to go to

16、 the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for _ you are waiting has come. A

17、. who B. whom C. that7. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students _ native(本国的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that10. H

18、e prefers to eat the rice _ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11. The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found. A. which B. who C. what 12. The room in _ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which13. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C.

19、 when14. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything_ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that16. Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17. This is the first car _ arrived this morning. A. which B.

20、who C. that18. I know all people _ are from that village. A. who B. that C. whose19. There is no water _ is needed badly. A. which B. who C. that20. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. that C. in which21. That is the very book _ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _ he owns. A. who B. that C. which23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which