雅思考试写作task 1复习材料.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流雅思考试写作task 1复习材料.精品文档.曲线图先根据横轴分析变化，然后再进行比较。 第一段介绍核心信息（e.g.时间地点研究对象）；一句话即可 第二三段先分析第一个时间点，再分析后一个时间点。描述+对比Table表格Graph 折线图chart 柱形图pie chart 饼图graph and table 折线图+表格pie chart and tableDiagram 简图Map 地图图表描述:：The graph shows/illustrates/displays 开头1、 The graph below shows the con

2、sumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.2、 The charts compare the sources of electricity in Australia and

3、 France in the years 1980 and 2000.The pie charts show units of electricity production by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.3、 The graph and table below give information of water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries.The graph shows how the amount of water

4、 used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.4、 The diagrams below show the life cycle of the silkworm and the stages in the production of silk cloth.The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silkworm.5、 The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65

5、 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.The graph shows the increase in the aging population in Japan, Sweden and the USA. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries is expected to increase 6、 The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new superma

6、rket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket.The map shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.7、 The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table below shows how these caus

7、es affected three regions of the world during the 1990s.The pie chart shows that there are four main causes of farmland becoming degraded in the world today.These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation, while

8、 the impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal, with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively.8、 The three pie charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001.The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs

9、 in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.9、 The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.The table gives a breakdown of the different types of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.10、 The chart shows the differ

10、ent levels of post-school qualifications in Australia and the proportion of men and women who held in 1999.The chart gives information about post-school qualifications in terms of the different levels of further education reached by men and women in Australia in 1999.11、 The chart below shows the am

11、ount spent on six consumer goods in four European countries.The chart shows that Britain, among the four European countries listed, has spent heavily on the range of consumer goods included. In every case, British spending is considerably higher than of other countries; only in the case of tennis ra

12、cquests does another country, Italy, come close.(Britain; Germany; France and Italy) 12、 The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrialized countries in 1980 and 1990.The data shows the difference between developing and industrialized countrie

13、s participation in education and science.结尾1、 Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.2、 Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Austra

14、lia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.3、 Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.4、 Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the put-of

15、-town site would probably offer more advantages.5、 Overall, it is clear that Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than the other regions, and the main causes there were deforestation and over-cultivation.6、 Overall, teachers salaries constituted the largest cost to the school, and while sp

16、ending increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops in expenditure on things such as books and on other workers salaries.7、 Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those co

17、nsisting with couples.8、 Thus we can see that more men than women held qualifications at the lower and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelors degree, however.9、 It is clear from the data giv

18、en that there are some significant differences in spending habits within European.10、 Overall we can see that not only are there very large differences between the two economies but these gaps are widening., whichWith 进行时、完成时，伴随状态比较级、最高级In 1979, beef was by far the most popular of , with about/ appr

19、oximately/almost (the number of)More than对比1、 but2、 , while 3、 In contrast,4、 However, in 2000, the proportion of state-owned houses was reduced to 20% whereas all the rest 80% belonged to private owners.5、 However, 6、 On the other hand,7、 Contrast with8、 In spite of some fluctuation in the expected

20、 percentages, the proportion of older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the three countries.9、 On the contrary,10、 By contrast,11、 Conversely,12、 On the other hand,时间1、 During this 25-year period,2、 Throughout the century, 3、 From 1950 onwards,4、 For much of this p

21、eriod5、 At the present time6、 In the next two decades7、 In terms of the number of years of schooling received, we see that the length of time people spent at school in industrialized countries was much greater at 8.5 years in 1980, compared to 2.5 years in developing countries.上升1、 Increase/ go (fro

22、m) toThe gap was increased further in 1990 when the figures rose to 10.5 years and 3.5 years respectively.2、 Soar to3、 Grow steadily to4、 Rise togo up/ improve/ climb/ boom/ leap5、 Show an upward trend6、 Similarly, the cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001.7、 witne

23、ss a tremendous increase8、 A more dramatic rise is predicted 9、 reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.10、 peak at11、 Industrialized countries more than doubled their spending, from $200bn to $420bn, whereas developing countries actually decreased theirs, from $75bn down to

24、 $25bn.下降 表下降：decrease/fall/drop/dip/go down/decline/reduce 1、 Fall dramatically to 100 grams and 55 grams respectively2、 Decline3、 Decrease (to)Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991 before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of furnitu

25、re and equipment saw an opposite trend. This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget.4、 The figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time.5、

26、But while other workers salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spending in 2001, teachers pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.保持Remain/ continue to be the least popular foodConsumption levels were the most stable.France and Ita

27、ly generally maintain middle positions.超过 Excel in something = have advantage in something Exceed/overtake/outnumber e.g. Men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterparts. 相等, which was matched by 数值相同：Coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was m

28、atched by natural gas Spending on toys is equal between the two countries.相似We can see s similar pattern in the second graph, which shows that低于, which far belows the levels of consumption by agriculture因为1、 Be due to: A further 28% of global degradation is due to over-cultivation of crops.This was

29、mainly due to over-grazing (1.5%).2、 Partially thanks to, as well as because3、 Be caused by组成1、 Contribute: The remaining 40 were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro constituting only 5 units.2、 The proportion of people aged 65or more stood at only 5% in japan, approximately 7% i

30、n Sweden and 9% in the US.3、 Other causes accounts for only 7% collectively.Males accounted for 60% of the whole workforce.4、 In 1990, the state-owned houses took up three quarters of all, with only a quarter being private one.5、 Coal provided 46.2% of the whole in 1970.6、 Students make up nearly 20

31、% of the group.7、 Represent 23% of the school budget8、 On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people, were in this position.9、 However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively.预期A

32、more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan, by which time it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be similar in the three countries.太少量了，Other sources were no longer significant.好词 表程度：Fell dramatically/significantly/astonishingly/considerably/steadily to approxi

33、mately 100 and 200 respectively; noticeable decrease Slightly/marginally more women than men 1、重要的Principal/ significant/ main2、about/ approximately/almost/ around/ roughly OverWe can see immediately that there were substantial differences in the proportion of men and women at different levels.3、res

34、pectively 4、dramatically/ greatly/ considerably Steadily slowly5、largelyMinimalBy contrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas(70%) and marginally more women reached degree level (55%).Italys spending on personal stereos is marginally greater than that of France.6、the remainderThe remaining 40 u

35、nits11、 Probably12、 generally13、 similarsimilarly/ likewise/ in the same way/ in the same manner14、 theoretically: In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town center, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surroun

36、ding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.15、 Spending/ expenditure/ cost16、 This is most evident in photographic film, where 17、 meanwhile好句1、 The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upwa

37、rd rend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.2、 In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source (50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 20 units) and oil (wh

38、ich produced only 10 units). 3、 Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively.4、 North America had a lower proportion of degraded land at only 5%, and the main causes of this were over-cultivation (3.3%) and, to a lesser e

39、xtent, over-grazing(1.5%).5、 It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.6、 Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favored elderly couples (only 4%) rather than single e

40、lderly people (6%).7、 The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women.1、 As the chart illustrates, the period from 1995 to 2005 witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of travel

41、ers in city X who chose to travel abroad. In 1995, the number was only 10 thousand; however, the number soared to nearly 40 thousand in 2000, and peaked at over 120 thousand in 2005.2、 There are two major reasons to account for3、 To start with,Whats more,Moreover,4、 It is beneficial to 5、 , which co

42、nstitutes to the second most important reason.6、 Competitive price7、 Has an effect on 8、 Not only can the people have a better understanding of the exotic culture in foreign countries, but the economy of the places of resort also benefit.9、 Are likely to 10、 Open-minded11、 Is helpful for12、 The prog

43、ress of the community13、 As the statistics demonstrate, about 33% students never copy homework, and 48% sometimes, while still 19% students often do such deeds.14、 With excuses that15、 An amazing 19% of the students16、 数值不方便时可用括号表述。E.g. The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumpti

44、on in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26500 km2) with that in the D.R.C (100 km2).用词、句型的变化时态、拼写、标点、段落Grouping相关信息归类、共同点、差异性剑81、 饼状图和表格的组合图（从众多数据中理清思路，找到切入点、描写有条理）通常：每幅图各写一段：主要趋势、核心信息结尾：两幅图之间的关系：比较、对比或无直接关系，简要总结两幅图的主要特点（不能照抄题目原文，也不能完全重复主题段落内容）总结段落中的核心信息2

45、、 三个饼状图同一年份不同花费之间的比较+同一花费项目在不同年份之间的变化一般，既有“变化”又有“比较”的时候，要重点写“变化”。写“比较”时则要强调占据最大比例的支出项目。曲线图 先根据横轴分析变化，然后再进行比较。 第一段介绍核心信息（e.g.时间地点研究对象）；一句话即可 第二三段先分析第一个时间点，再分析后一个时间点。讨论类题型结构 IELTS议论文题目一般由两部分组成：表示情景的陈述句和表示要求的疑问句或者是祈使句。对于题目中的陈述句，一般在文章的开头需要通过改写和扩充加以回应，为主体段落的分析加以铺垫。 第一段 引出话题。不一定需要提出正反方观点或者自身观点 第二三段 分别讨论两个

46、方面各自的理由；可将自身倾向掺杂进分析 第四段 提出自己观点 In Conclusion.讨论类： An intermediary position between both solutions is the perfect way to Can be a vehicle (=solution/way/method etc.) for reinvigorating (振兴) From a pragmatic point Foresee certain cases of exemptions Make = yield （产出成果、效果、收益etc.）提出自己观点 While I admit th

47、at/I am convinced that其他 Beyond our wildest expectations Inevitable = inescapable Underground railway systems = subway networks Genetic factors & environment / nature & nurture一、时间点，静态（一）单个的描述（比较的分解）（二）比较的描述1、 Europe had as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation, while the impact of this o

48、n Oceania and North America was minimal, with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively.2、 But while other workers salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spending in 2001, teachers pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.3、 In contrast, the cos