book7-Unit-4-Sharing--grammar-语法.ppt

《book7-Unit-4-Sharing--grammar-语法.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《book7-Unit-4-Sharing--grammar-语法.ppt（32页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：1、定语从句的定义、定语从句的定义关系代词：关系代词： that，who, whom whose, which 关系副词：关系副词：when, where，why2、定语从句的位置、定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分定语从句一定放在被修饰成分/先行先行词之后。词之后。e.g. This is the car that he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Do you k

2、now the man?He spoke just now. Do you know the man who spoke just now?3、关系代词的用法、关系代词的用法人；物人；物 主语，宾语主语，宾语 作宾语可省作宾语可省物物主语；宾语主语；宾语 作宾语可省作宾语可省人人 主语主语 不可省不可省人人宾语宾语作宾语作宾语可省可省人；物人；物定语定语不可省不可省4、关系副词指代指代所做成分所做成分是否可是否可省略省略when时间时间状语状语否否where地点地点状语状语否否why原因原因状语状语否否关系副词关系副词1.The last place _we visited was the G

3、reat Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers: 2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Whats the name of the man_? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed4. There w

4、ere dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that解析：答案解析：答案A A 先行词先行词her trousersher trousers在在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词wherewhere。5. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _life has developed gradually.A. which B. wh

5、ere C. that D. whose填空：填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. She is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat6.That was the year _I went to America.when一、

6、一、 只用只用that的情况的情况1.当先行词是不定代词当先行词是不定代词all much.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one时时2.当先行词前面有当先行词前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等词修饰时等词修饰时 3.当先行词是当先行词是形容词最高级形容词最高级或它的或它的前面有形前面有形容词最高级修饰容词最高级修饰时时 4.当先行词是当先行词是序数词序数词或它或它前面有序数词修饰前面有序数词修饰时时5.当先行词当先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时时6.当主句的主语是疑问词当主句的

7、主语是疑问词who或或which时时7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用，另外一个宜用that注意事项注意事项1. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 2.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 3.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the po

8、lice.（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 5.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether6.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what4. This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. A. It B. where C. that D. Which7. All of the flowers now raised here ha

9、ve developed from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. in that C. the way which D. the way of which填空：填空：1. Tom is the first boy _left the room.2. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.3.

10、You can read any book _I have.thatthatthat二二. .使用关系副词应注意下列几点：使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1. 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的一定的介词介词+which结构：结构： when = on (in, at, during) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. 如：如： 1）I still remember the days when (=) I worked with you. 2）The office where (=) he

11、works is on the third floor. on whichin which2. 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.Are these two sentences right?toin 可见可见, who, that 不能用于介词之后不能用于介词之后。3.在介词在介词 whom/ which 结构中结构中,介词的选择介词的选择I will never forget the day _ which I reac

12、hed the Great Wall.Tell me the time _ which the train leaves.根据先行词来判断根据先行词来判断onat1.This is the hero _whom we are proud. A. in B. for C. of D. at 2. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. to that B. who C. from whom D. to whombe proud of ; turn to sb. for help根据从句中

13、谓语动词的固定搭配来根据从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来判断判断4.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用一部分时，可用“数词数词/ /代词代词 + of + + of + 关关系代词系代词”的结构，如：的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, _ (2/3的人) have been to Beijing.two-thirds of whom5. whose从句可转换为从句可转换为“ of +关系代关系代词词”型，如：型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door

14、opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.三、三、当先行词是当先行词是case, pointcase, point，situation,situation, condition,stage,positioncondition,stage,position等表示抽象的地等表示抽象的地方、地步、条件、形势、环境、地位等含义方、地步、条件、形势、环境、地位等含义的名

15、词时，我们通常使用关系副词的名词时，我们通常使用关系副词wherewhere。There are cases_he gets angry.A.which B.that C.in that D.where解析：他也有生气的时候。定语从句选关系词定语从句选关系词三步骤三步骤：第一：第一：找出先行词找出先行词；第二：把先行词还原到从句中第二：把先行词还原到从句中，判断判断先行词在定语从句中的先行词在定语从句中的语法功能语法功能（做主语、宾语、定（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）语或状语）;第三第三: 选择合适的关系词选择合适的关系词。答题技巧小结：答题技巧小结：1. The man _ I saw tol

16、d me to wait.2. The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员杂技演员)4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.综合练习：综合练习：Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.who/whomwhomwhosewhose5. All the apples _ fall are eaten by wild boars.(野猪）野猪）6. Can y

17、ou think of anyone _ could look after him?7. This is the best hotel _ I know.8. He showed a machine _ parts are too small to be seen.thatthatthatwhose翻译翻译1. 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.2. 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。 I dont know the girl whom/that you s

18、peak to.3. 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。 She is a girl who is called Mary.4. 那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.5. 你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天? Do you remember the day when we arrived here?Fill in the blanks with correct relative pronoun/adverb tocomplete the

19、 following passage 语法填空语法填空 Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer 1_ wrote around 480 books 2_included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about the Bible and about Shakespeare. But his best known work was his science fiction stories. Asimov had both an extraordina

20、ry imagination 3_ gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with 4_ he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past. Asimovs life began in Russia, 5_ he was born on 2 January, 1920. It ended in New York on 6 April, 1992 , 6_ he died as a result of an H

21、IV infection 7_ he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier. 8 _ Asimov was three, he moved to New York with his family. There his parents bought a candy store 9_ they ran for the next 40 or so years. At the age of nine, 10_ his mother was pregnant with her third child, Isaac started work

22、ing in the candy store. whothat/whichthat/whichwhichthat/whichwhenwhereWhenthat/whichwhenCorrect the sentences:1. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.2. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.3. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.4. This is the last time when Ive given you

23、 lessons.5. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.1、spoke后加后加to; 2、holidays后加后加when3、the way后加后加in; 或者或者which改为改为that 4、when改为改为that5、which改为改为thatSummary: What have we learnt today?一、定语从句的定义一、定语从句的定义二、限制性定语从句的构成二、限制性定语从句的构成三、关系代词的用法三、关系代词的用法四、关系副词的用法：指时间四、关系副词的用法：指时间,用用when;指地指地 点点,用用where;指原因指原因,用用why.1.先行词之后先行词之后2.关系词关系词(代代/副副)3.译法译法: “.的的”1.作主语作主语,指人指人,用用xx;指物指物,2.做宾语做宾语,指人指人,用用xx;指物指物,3.做定语做定语,只用只用whose五、三个注意事项五、三个注意事项结束结束