初中时态语态).ppt

《初中时态语态).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中时态语态).ppt（22页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2 0 2 0 年 初 升 高 英 语 衔 接年 初 升 高 英 语 衔 接 语法知识语法知识专题：时态和语态专题：时态和语态 一、表达形式一、表达形式 主动语态：主语主动语态：主语+do/does+其它其它 被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+am/is/are+及物动词过去分词及物动词过去分词二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语 every day ,often, always, sometimes, once a week , in summer三、基本用法三、基本用法1、现在习惯性动作，即包括现在时刻在内的整个阶段经常性、习惯性动作。、现在习惯性动作，即包括现在时刻在内的整个阶段经常性、习惯性动

2、作。The bank opens at 8:00 a.m. on weekdays.However busy I am, I write to my mother regularly.2、（人、物）现在的特性、状态。、（人、物）现在的特性、状态。Now I am busy; I cant spare time for a holiday.That street is in bad condition, and smells terrible.3、叙述客观真理、科学事实、格言及没有时限的客观存在。、叙述客观真理、科学事实、格言及没有时限的客观存在。Knowledge is strength .L

3、ight travels faster than sound.Japan lies to the east of China. 一、表达形式一、表达形式 主动语态：主语主动语态：主语+did+其它其它 被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+was/were+及物动词过去分词及物动词过去分词二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语 yesterday, last night, the night before, the other day, just now等。等。三、基本用法三、基本用法1、用于表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或状态。如：、用于表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或状态。如： I got to k

4、now him two years ago. He was seriously ill last week. 2、过去发生的经常性、反复性的动作或状态。如：、过去发生的经常性、反复性的动作或状态。如： China is different from what it used to be. （不可换）（不可换） As a child, I would go to sea along with my father. （可换）（可换） It is (high/about) time (that) we got to business. I would rather you knew the trut

5、h now. 一、表达形式一、表达形式主动语态主动语态: am/is/are doing 被动语态被动语态:am/is/are/being done二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语 now, at present, at the moment 三、基本用法三、基本用法1、用于表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作；现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定、用于表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作；现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定正在进行的动作。正在进行的动作。At present Lao Li is showing some foreign friends around our workshop . -Are you a nati

6、ve of Beijing ?-No, I am studying for a doctors degree at Beijing University. 2、进行时与、进行时与always,constantly, continually等副词连用，可表达赞扬、不满、等副词连用，可表达赞扬、不满、讨厌等感情色彩。讨厌等感情色彩。 He is always thinking of others. At school he was constantly playing a trick on others. 一、表达形式一、表达形式 主动语态主动语态:主语主语+was/were doing 被动语态

7、：主语被动语态：主语+was/were being done二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语 at this time yesterday , at 8:00 last night三、基本用法：表达过去某一时刻某一阶段正在进行的动作。三、基本用法：表达过去某一时刻某一阶段正在进行的动作。 I was making a long-distance call to my near relative before you arrived. In those years we were having a hard time. 一、表达形式一、表达形式 主动语态主动语态 ：主语：主语+have/has

8、done sth. 被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+have/has been done.二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语already, yet, ever since , in the past(last)few years, so far, up to the present, until now, in recent years等等.三、基本用法三、基本用法1、过去的动作与现在有关系。、过去的动作与现在有关系。 I have turned on the electric heater in the room. (I turned on the electric heater, and t

9、he room is getting warm now.) He has taken away my reference book. (He took away my reference book, and now I cant use it.)2、表示动作从过去延续到现在，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。、表示动作从过去延续到现在，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。 He has been in Beijing for two years. We have had plenty of rain here since we parted last month.四、现在完成时与过去时的区别：四、现在完成时

10、与过去时的区别： He has worked in Paris for two years. He worked in Paris for two years.五、特殊句型五、特殊句型1.用用It is+（一段时间）（一段时间）+ since+主主+动词的过去时动词的过去时2.It is the first time (that) I have visited China. 序数词序数词3.This is the most beautiful city that I have ever seen. 形容词的最高级形容词的最高级一、表达方式 主动语态：主语主动语态：主语+ had done st

11、h. 被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+ had been done.二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语by the end of last year/last term三、基本用法三、基本用法1、在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作。、在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作。He said that he had arrived three days before.2、动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一、动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。过去时间。By the time he came we had worked for two hours.3)

12、、hope, want, mean, expect, think等词，用过去完成时暗示原来等词，用过去完成时暗示原来 的希望的希望或期待没有实现。或期待没有实现。I had wanted to come to your help, but I really spared no time. 一、基本表达方式一、基本表达方式主动语态：主动语态：shall/will do被动语态：被动语态：shall/will be done备注：备注： shall 用于第一人称，用于第一人称，will用于所有人称。用于所有人称。 I wont be free tonight. The instrument wil

13、l be put to use soon.二、常用时间状语二、常用时间状语tomorrow, next year/week/morning, in the year 2030, in the future, in 30 years, three days later的方式状语从句，若从句动作未发生，应用一般时的方式状语从句，若从句动作未发生，应用一般时 表示将来时。表示将来时。I will let you know if he comes back.三、多种表达将来时的方式三、多种表达将来时的方式1、主语、主语+am/is/are going to do 表示预先打算做某事，或某种迹象表表示预

14、先打算做某事，或某种迹象表明有很大可能将发生的动作明有很大可能将发生的动作Look at the dark sky and I think its going to rain.2、am/is/are to do表示按计划、安排要进行的动作。表示按计划、安排要进行的动作。The meeting is to be held tomorrow.Where are we to stay tonight ? 3、am/is/about to do表示某动作马上要发生。表示某动作马上要发生。Be quick! Flight No. 302 to Tokyo is about to take off.4、位

15、移动词、位移动词go, come, start, leave, arrive, return, sail 等及等及 win, lose, die可用进行时表示将来。可用进行时表示将来。The ship is sailing for Shanghai tomorrow.It seems to me that our team is losing .四、特殊情况四、特殊情况 when, once, as soon as, after, until等引导的时间状语从等引导的时间状语从句；句；if, unless, so long as（只要）（只要）, on condition that等引导的条件

16、状等引导的条件状语从句；语从句；even if, though, whenever, whetheror等引导的让步状语等引导的让步状语从句；从句；as(像，按照像，按照)引导的方式状语从句，若从句动作未发生，应用引导的方式状语从句，若从句动作未发生，应用一般时一般时 表示将来时。表示将来时。I will let you know if he comes back.一、表达方式 主动语态：主语主动语态：主语+ should/would do被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+ should/would be done备注：备注： 1.should用于第一人称，用于第一人称，would用于所有人称。用

17、于所有人称。 2.一般将来时其它表达形式，也适用于过去将来时。一般将来时其它表达形式，也适用于过去将来时。 He said that he would call me back. I felt that something terrible was about to happen.二、基本用法：二、基本用法：1、表示过去习惯性的动作或者存在的状态。、表示过去习惯性的动作或者存在的状态。 Every day, Mrs. Wang would go and talk with her students.2）用于间接引语及宾语从句中。）用于间接引语及宾语从句中。 I didnt know if sh

18、e would come.三、三、 特殊情况：特殊情况：当当when, once, as soon as, after, until等引导的时间状语从句；等引导的时间状语从句；if, unless, so long as（只要）（只要）, on condition that等引导的条件状语从句；等引导的条件状语从句；even if, though, whenever, whetheror等引导的让步状语从句；等引导的让步状语从句；as(像，按照像，按照)引导的方式状语从句，若从句引导的方式状语从句，若从句动作未发生，应用一般过去时动作未发生，应用一般过去时 表示过去将来时。表示过去将来时。He said that even if he failed he wouldnt lose heart.