中考英语阅读理解解题技巧.ppt

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1、The Skills of Reading Comprehension中考阅读理解解题技巧中考阅读理解解题技巧考点解读考点解读 旨在考查学生的英语语篇旨在考查学生的英语语篇阅读能力阅读能力、分析分析和和判断判断能力能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文、图。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文、图标大意，获取其中的主要信息。标大意，获取其中的主要信息。 测试题型主要有测试题型主要有判断正误判断正误、选择正确答案选择正确答案和和回答回答问题问题。 在中考中所占分值达到在中考中所占分值达到50分分，是所有题型中占分，是所有题型中占分比例最大的一道题。阅读理解能否得高分，是成比例最大的一道题。阅读理解能

2、否得高分，是成绩好坏的关键。正所谓绩好坏的关键。正所谓得阅读者得天下得阅读者得天下。1 、理解主旨和要义、理解主旨和要义 2 理解文中的具体信息理解文中的具体信息3 根据上下文猜测生词的含义根据上下文猜测生词的含义4 作出判断和推理作出判断和推理5 理解作者的意图理解作者的意图观点和态度观点和态度6 预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局中考英语阅读题目的命题原则中考英语阅读题目的命题原则主旨大意题主旨大意题 (To find out the main idea)事实细节题事实细节题 (To look for details)猜测词义题猜测词义题 (To guess th

3、e meaning) 推理判断题推理判断题 (To infer a conclusion) 因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下主要题型下主要题型: :1、快速看短文，了解各段大概意思快速看短文，了解各段大概意思3、带着题目读短文，划出答案带着题目读短文，划出答案 2、认真读题目，划出关键词认真读题目，划出关键词主旨大意题主旨大意题1） According to(根据根据) the passage, we know that_.2） The best title (标题标题) of the passage can be_.3） The writer tells us_.4

4、） The main idea(主旨主旨) of the last paragraph is_. Question forms （常见的提问形式）（常见的提问形式）:关键是寻找主题句关键是寻找主题句 通常在通常在篇首、篇首、段首段首或或篇尾、段尾篇尾、段尾，锁定文章主旨，锁定文章主旨，归纳文章中心归纳文章中心How to find out the main idea主旨大意题主旨大意题 （解题技巧）：（解题技巧）： Q1: The passage mainly talks about_. A. snakes and the smells B. the reason why snakes sti

5、ck out their tongues C. the tongues of the snakes are dangerous. Do you know why snakes stick out(伸出伸出) their tongues? They use their tongues to pick up smells and to feel things. The snakes tongue is not a stinger(刺刺) as many people think. The snake is just touching and smelling with it.段首为主题句段首为主题

6、句典例：典例：Q2: Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?A. How can you pass a test?B. Why do you have a stomachache?C. What is stress? Do you ever feel a stomachache during a test? Are you ever so worried about something that you even have a headache or cant sleep at night?. If so, then you know what

7、stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried about something.段尾为主题句段尾为主题句事实细节题事实细节题1）Which of the following is True/Not True?2）Which of the following is Not mentioned（提（提及）及）?3）用）用Where, when, who, why, how, how long等等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。Question forms （常见的提问形式）（常见的提问形式）:How to

8、look for details事实细节题事实细节题 （解题技巧）（解题技巧）:扫读文章，就题找答案（划出）扫读文章，就题找答案（划出）细读原文，仔细斟酌核对细读原文，仔细斟酌核对细心审题，找出问题关键词细心审题，找出问题关键词Q: What do plants make food from? They make food from _.A.sunlight, water and things in the soil and airB. water, sunlight and things in the soilC. water and things in the soil and airPl

9、ants are “factories”. They make food from sunlight, water and things in the soil and air.Key words典例：典例：回答问题回答问题 : Was the lake surrounded(环绕环绕) by forests in the past?In the past, there were forests all around the lake,so rainwater was clean. forestsBasic TrainingYes.Is/ am/ Are.?Was / Were.?Do / D

10、oes/ Did .?Have/ Had .?Should/ Can /Could/ Must / May 等情态动等情态动词词 .?肯定用：肯定用：Yes 回答回答在回答问题题中，遇到一般疑问句：在回答问题题中，遇到一般疑问句：否定用：否定用：No 回答回答看图表选择看图表选择:Q2: According to the survey, we can know Li Qiang is _.A. lazy B. friendly C. forgetful Name: Li Qiang To be late for school Never To help others Often To stay

11、 up late SometimesTo leave keys at home Only once看图表选择看图表选择Q3： The ad tells us that_ A. The assistant must be a man. B. The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant. C. Pucci pizza has branches all over China.He / she should have an interest inmaking pizza.More importantly, he/ she should hav

12、ework experience in a restaurant.猜测词义题猜测词义题1）What does the word “”mean _.2）What does the word “”mean in Chinese _.3）The underlined(划线的划线的) word “” means_4）The word “”refers to(暗指暗指) _Question forms （常见的提问形式）（常见的提问形式）: A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases

13、(短语短语). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag.” It is the same as “to tell a secret”. Now when someone lets out (泄漏泄漏)a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”Q1: John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he _. A. makes everyone know a secret B. sells the cat in the bag C. buys a cat in the bag典例：

14、典例：Skill 1: 通过上下文猜测通过上下文猜测 Both British and American people will engage in quite a bit of chat and a drink or two before the meal is served. (2011年福州年福州) A. 参与参与 B. 回避回避 C. 限制限制 Q: The underlined word “engage in” means ?Skill 2: 通过常识推理猜测通过常识推理猜测 All across the country , wild animals are losing their

15、 homes because of mans need for housing development and enlargement. Q3: What does the underlined word “enlargement” mean in Chinese ?A . 建设建设 B. 扩大扩大 C. 措施措施en-large-mentSkill 3: 通过构词法猜测通过构词法猜测推理判断题推理判断题1) Many visitors come to the writers city to _ 2) We can infer (推断推断) from the passage that _ 3)

16、 We may conclude (总结总结) from the passage that _4) We can guess (猜测猜测) the writer of the passage may be a _Question forms （常见的提问形式）（常见的提问形式）:Q: According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?A. You often play football with your friends after school.B. Your teacher

17、has got a cold.C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught. Secondly, a news story has to be interesting andunusual. People dont want to read stories abouteveryday life. As a result, many stories are aboutsome kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.Skill1:找到相关事实，加以分析，悟出意思找到相关事实，加以

18、分析，悟出意思 Have you thought of coming to the USA as muchas I have thought of coming to China? Froman Americans standpoint, I will tell you that .Q: We can learn from the passage that the writer is a(n) _. A. Chinese B. American C. EnglishmanUSASkill2:领悟作者观点、立场、语气及态度等领悟作者观点、立场、语气及态度等阅读技巧：阅读技巧： 1. 浏览问题，弄清考查要点；浏览问题，弄清考查要点； 2.通读全文通读全文,抓住中心句抓住中心句 （标题，首段，每段的首尾句）；（标题，首段，每段的首尾句）； 3.带着问题，找答案（找出处、划线）；带着问题，找答案（找出处、划线）； 4. 根据已知信息，事实细节推测；根据已知信息，事实细节推测； 5.仔细斟酌，核对答案仔细斟酌，核对答案 湘考王湘考王 : page 113 第三组第三组Have a try:Homework: 完成面对面完成面对面passages:14