访谈口译-中级口译.pdf

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1、第四单元第四单元访谈口译访谈口译( Interpreting Interview )( Interpreting Interview )4-14-1行在美国行在美国( Travel in America )( Travel in America )An interview to learn about travel and public transportation in the United States.Q：据说美国是一个由汽车驱动的国家，美国人实际上是一个生活在轮子上的民族。你认为这是一种夸张的说法吗？(It is said that the United States is a cou

2、ntry driven by automobiles, and Americans are actually apeople living on wheels. Is this an exaggeration? )A: This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life. Americans like todo business without leaving their cars. Wherever you go, you will see driven-in

3、 banks, driven-in restaurants,driven-in churches and driven-in movies.（这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。美国人喜欢开车办事。你到处可以看到“免下车”银行、 “免下车”餐馆、 “免下车”教堂和“免下车电影院。 ）Q： 如果我以游客的身份访问美国， 我可以在美国境内开车吗？( If I visit United States with a tourists visa, canI drive in the country? )A: Yes, you can. When you drive in the Unite

4、d States, it s a good idea to have an international drive s license ifyou are a foreigner and don t have a state license. Each of fifty states of the U.S. has its own traffic laws. Driversare expected to know and understand the local laws even if they dont live in a particular state. You can getinfo

5、rmation at a tourist information center when you cross the border into a different state.（你可以在美国开车。如果你是外国人，又没有某州的驾驶执照，可你想开车，那你最好携带一张国际驾驶执照。美国50 个州都有各自的交通法规。即使外州来的开车人也应知晓当地的法律。你在穿越州界时可以在所到的那个州设立的旅游信息中心打听情况，索取资料。 ）Q： 在中国某些道路上开车， 司机必须将自己的行车速度控制在标牌规定的限速内。 美国是否也有限速？( InChina, drivers have to drive under

6、a posted speed limit on some roads. Is there any national speed limit in theU.S.? )A: Yes. In most states, the speed limit on the expressway is 55 miles per hour, or about 88 kilometers per hour. Onsome roads, such as some state or federal expressways, there is a minimum speed of 40 miles per hour,

7、or about 65kilometers per hour.（是的。大多数州的高速公路限速为每小时 55 英里，约 88 公里时速。有些道路，如地方高速公路或州际高速公路，还规定行车时速不得低于 40 英里，约时速 65 公里。 ）Q：我作为一名出公差来美国的旅行者，可没有必要为了旅行而去买一辆车。我想贵国一定有某种租车服务业吧？( As a visitor on a business trip, I don t need to buy a car in order to travel in America. I suppose youhave some kind of car rental

8、 service, dont you? )A: Of course we do. This country has the most developed car rental industry in the world. The two largestAmerican car rental companies, Hertz and Avis, have offices all over the United States, with counters at mostairports and in many international cities. Other national car ren

9、tal companies that you can find at airports, such asThrifty, National, Budget or Dollar, have offices in other countries too, so you may want to reserve a car throughyour travel agent in your own country.（那是自然。我国有世界上最发达的租车业。美国两家最大的租车公司Hertz 和 Avis 在全美都设立了公司办事处，在大部分机场和许多国际都市设有租车站。其他一些你在机场看到的全国性的租车公司如

10、 Thrifty、National、Budget、Dollar 等也在其他国家设有租车办事处，所以你可以通过自己国内的旅行社办理租车预定事宜。 ）Q：那么租车时我以什么方式来付款呢？( How do I pay for my rental service? )A: In order to rent a car, you have to have a major credit card, such as MasterCard, Visa, or American Express.Without a credit card you may have to pay a very high depos

11、it on the car. If you don t want to pay a lot of money,you may rent used cars from used car rental companies, such as Rent-A-Junker and Ugly Duckling. Their rates areoften lower and they don t always demand a credit card. Sometimes they have special offers that make the totalcost of renting a car ev

12、en lower.（租车时你必须拥有一张大公司的信用卡，如“万事达” 、 “威萨” ，或者“美1国运通” 。你若没有信用卡，也许得付一笔高额的押金。如果你不想花费太多的钱，也可以向 Rent-A-Junker和 Ugly Duckling 这类二手车租车公司租上一辆二手车。这类公司的收费往往比较低，而且也不一定非要用信用卡付款不可。有时它们还给顾客优惠价，这样租车费用就更加低了。 ）Q：如果我没有驾照，那我怎样去其他城市呢？( If I dont have a license, how do I travel between cities? )A: There are three ways t

13、o travel from city to city without a car. In some places, you can take Amtrak, the nationalpassenger rail service. Or you can take a bus. Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offersthe monthly pass. And, of course, you can fly. They are dozens of airlines, both regional and na

14、tional. Prices arenot regulated, so airlines can make special offers that are sometimes cheaper than train tickets. There are alsoshuttle and commuter flights between some major cities that are close to each other. （要是没有小汽车，你去其他城市可以搭乘三种交通工具。 也有些地方， 你可以乘坐全国客运火车 Amtrak。 不然的话你可以坐长途汽车，“灰狗长途汽车公司”是美国最大的长途

15、汽车公司，有月票出售。当然啰，你也可以坐飞机旅行。美国有数十家国内、国际航空公司，全国没有统一的票价，所以航空公司可以自行削价，有时机票比火车票还便宜。一些相距不远的大城市之间也有穿梭于两地之间的航班。 ）Q： 听说美国城市的公共交通不尽如人意， 有没有这回事？(I heard the city public transportation system in yourcountry is not very desirable. Is that so? )A: Well, I have to admit that getting around a city on public transport

16、ation is generally not as easy as it is in mostother countries, but it is possible. Although only a few cities have subways, most towns with a population of50,000 or more have some kind of city bus service.（这个嘛，我得承认美国市内公共交通通常没有大多数国家来得方便，但还是有车可乘。虽然有地铁的城市寥寥无几，但是人口在五万或以上的城镇都有某种巴士服务站。 ）Q：万一坐巴士或地铁到不了我想要去

17、的地方怎么办呢？(What do I do in case I can t get where I want to bybus or subway?)A: You can always take a cab. You can stop a cab on the street, but thats not easy in many cities. It s actuallyeasier to call a taxi company listed in the Yellow Pages of a telephone directory and ask them to send a cab to y

18、ourdoor. American taxi drivers will usually expect a tip of at least 10%. In big cities like New York, cabbies expect atip of 15%.（你总可以坐出租车。虽然你可以在街上叫出租车，但在许多城市，沿街打车却不太容易。比较方便的做法通常是按电话号码簿黄页部分所提供的号码打电话给出租车公司，让他们派车上门。通常美国出租车司机希望得到车费 10%以上的小费。纽约这类大城市的出租车司机期望客人给他们 15%的小费。 ）Q：十分感谢您所提供的情况。(Thank you very m

19、uch for the information.)A: Youre welcome.（不用谢。 ）句子精炼句子精炼 ( Sentences in Focus )( Sentences in Focus )1.This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life. 这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。2.Each state has its own traffic laws, and a driver from another state is exp

20、ected to know and understand thelocal law.各州都有自己的交通法规，外州来的开车者应该了解当地的法规。3.My country has the most developed car rental industry in the world, so you may very well want to reserve acar through your travel agent in your own country if you intend to drive while travelling in my country.我国有世界上最发达的租车业，你若打

21、算在我国开车旅行，完全可以通过自己国家的旅行社办理租车预定事宜。4.Airfare in this country is not regulated, and airlines often make special offers in order to attract customers. 这个国家没有统一的飞机票价，各航空公司经常以竞相削价的方式来吸引更多的游客。5.Its actually easier to call a taxi company listed in the Yellow Pages of a telephone directory and ask them tosend

22、 a cab to pickyou up at your doorstep. 事实上一种较为便利的做法是按电话簿黄页部分所列的出租2车公司的号码打电话叫车，让他们派车上门来接你。6.司机在高速公路上开车时必须将自己的行车速度控制在标牌规定的最高限速与最低限速之间。 Whendriving on expressways, the driver must control his or her speed within the range of the posted maximum andminimum speed.4-24-2艾滋哀之艾滋哀之( The AIDS Epidemic )( The A

23、IDS Epidemic )An interview with a Nobel Prize winning microbiologist on the AIDS epidemic.Q：巴尔迪摩先生，艾滋病的传播程度有多严重？(Mr. Baltimore, how serious is the AIDS epidemic?)A: AIDS is the worst plague in modern history.In the 25 years since the first reports of whatwe now know isAIDS, an entire generation has

24、been born and come of age never knowing a world without the epidemic. Thedisease has changed the personal as well as the political life how we think and how we love, what we teach ourchildren and what words we say in public. On an international scale, it threatens to undermine countries,particularly

25、 in Africa. AIDS is now the fourth leading cause of death globally, and the leading cause of death inAfrica. Throughout the world 36 million people are HIV-positive, including 900,000 in the United States.（艾滋病是现代史上最糟糕的瘟疫。自从 25 年前出现了首批有关艾滋病例的报告以来，整整一代人从出生起便生活在一个与艾滋病共存的世界里。艾滋病改变了我们的个人生活和政治生活，改变了我们的思维方

26、式和性爱方式，改变了我们教育孩子及在公共场合言谈时所讲的内容。从国际范围来看，艾滋病将会危害国家，尤其在非洲。艾滋病是世界上第四大致命病因，在非洲则是置人于死地的最大杀手。全世界已有 3600 万人呈HIV 阳性，其中美国就有 90 万人呈 HIV 阳性。 ）Q：你所说的“危害国家”是什么？(What do you mean by “undermine countries”?)A: AIDS has stolen a generation and imperiled the future. It will cause such a significant amount of disease i

27、n themiddle ages of the population that it will largely reduce the number of people available to carry out the functionsof the society. In parts of Africa, it s happening already. In seven African countries, more than 20 percent of the15-to49-year-old population is infected with HIV. For example, Za

28、mbia cannot train teachers fast enough toreplace those killed by AIDS. Within 10 years, there will be 40 million AIDS orphans in Africa. （艾滋病夺走了一代人，威胁着人类的未来。艾滋病会在中年人中间广为传播，致使劳动力大量减少。这种局面已在非洲的部分地区出现了。在非洲的 7 个国家，20%以上年龄在 15 岁至 49 岁之间的人已感染上了艾滋病的速度。例如，赞比亚培养教师的速度已跟不上教师死于艾滋病的速度。10 年内非洲将有 4000 万艾滋病死者留下的孤儿。

29、 ）Q： 你认为我们可以及时改变人们的基本行为， 以阻止艾滋病的传播吗？(Do you think peoples basic behaviorcan be altered in time to stem the AIDS epidemic?)A: In time to have a significant impact, yes. I don t think well be perfect. People will respond differently. But forthe homosexually transmitted diseases fell dramatically when

30、a serious education program was put in place. Peoplewere obviously willing to change their behavior when they were made to realize how severe a risk they weretaking.（及时产生重大的效应是可以做到的。但是我认为不会有什么完全之策。人们会作出不同的反应。但对旧金山的同性恋群体来说，一项严肃的教育运动推出后，因同性恋而传播的疾病发生率随即大幅度降低了。当人们意识到自己是在冒多么大的风险时，他们显然愿意改变自己的行为。 ）Q：对于那些还未

31、受到严重打击的群体，有何措施可以采取呢？能否在大规模死亡发生前也让他们意识到问题的严重性呢？(What about groups not yet hard hit? Can the message get to them before massive deathsoccur?)A: It is certainly harder to reach people when they don t see the consequences of what they re doing right aroundthem or when the consequences are extremely dela

32、yed. Id guess thats been one of the problems with smokers. （当人们对自己的所作所为看不到有何不良后果时，或者当不良后果久不出现时，要让人们意识到后果问题的3严重性质肯定会难得多。我想这也是瘾君子难以戒烟的原因之一。 ）Q：怎样才能让人们意识到问题的严重性呢？(How do you reach people?)A: Drugs cannot be seen as the ultimate solution. And about $10 billion a year is needed to fight the spread of HIV

33、.I think a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can help. Doing nothingabout it would be criminal. To argue that it s difficult and expensive and therefore we shouldn t do it would beself-defeating.（药物不能被视为解决问题的最终良方。我们每年需要约 100 亿美元的资金来阻止 HIV 传播。我认为开展大规模的教育运动是

34、目前唯一行之有效的手段。不开展教育活动是一种犯罪行为。说什么难度大、代价高而听之任之，则是一种自暴自弃的行为。 ）Q：调查结果表明，公众中大部分人认为艾滋病患者应该被隔离开来。你的意见呢？ (Surveys show that amajority of the public believes AIDS victims should be quarantined. What do you think?)A: Quarantining will help no one. Most AIDS patients are too sick to be transmitting the virus. Th

35、e virus is beingspread largely by people who do not have AIDS but are infected with the HIV virus, and they may or may not evenknow it. Quarantining would be totally futile.（隔离的做法无助于任何人。大部分艾滋病患者的病太重，已无法传播病毒。病毒主要是由那些未得艾滋病但已感染上病毒的人传播的，这些人或许已知道自己是HIV 携带者，或许还根本不知道自己是 HIV 携带者。采取隔离措施只能是竹篮打水一场空。 ）Q：强制性化验有无

36、作用？(Would mandatory testing help?)A: I believe it would drive the very people you want to test underground. Voluntary, confidential testing is muchmore appropriate.（我认为强制性化验会迫使那些你想去化验的人躲藏起来。我认为，自愿化验，并且为化验者保密的做法更为妥当。 ）Q：怎样做才能鼓励人们去接受这种令人不安的化验呢？(How can you encourage people to go in for such atraumatic

37、 test?)A: The only thing you can do is convince people that they re better off knowing than not knowing. First, becausethen they can take action to protect their friends and loved ones and, second, because they can begin to interprettheir own symptoms and take whatever action available. AIDS is a ve

38、ry serious disease, but it usually reveals itspresence through a variety of infections, and many of those infections can be controlled with appropriate drugs. （唯一可做的是使人们相信，知情总比不知情好。首先，知道情况后可以采取措施保护自己的朋友和所爱的人。其次他（她）们可以开始了解自己的症状，采取一切可以采取的手段来治病。虽然艾滋病是一种非常严重的疾病， 但它通常是由各种传染病的侵袭才发病的， 而许多传染病是可以通过使用适当的药物加以控

39、制的。 ）Q：谢谢！谢谢您接受我的采访。(Thank you for sharing your view with our readers.)A: Youre welcome.（别客气！ ）句子精炼句子精炼 ( Sentences in Focus )( Sentences in Focus )1.A massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can help; to argue that thiscampaign is difficult, expensive and there

40、fore impossible would be quite self-defeating.开展大规模的教育运动是目前唯一行之有效的手段，认为这种运动难度大、代价高而无法实施完全是一种自暴自弃的态度。2.We will have to convince people that they re better off knowing than not knowing the fact, because they cantake whatever action available to treat the problem and control its infection with appropri

41、ate drugs. 我们应该使人们相信，知情总比蒙在鼓里好，因为了解实情后我们便可以采取一切可以采取的措施来治病，用适当的药物来控制疾病的传染。3.调查结果表明，许多人对艾滋病的传播不以为然。你认为我们应该怎样做才能让人们意识到问题的严重性呢？Surveys show that a majority of the public does not take a serious view of the AIDS epidemic. Whatdo you think would be the best way to bring people to the awareness of the seri

42、ousness of the problem?44-34-3经营之道经营之道Business ManagementBusiness ManagementAn interview with an American manager of a Sino-American joint venture on the differences in businesscommunication style and work ethic between Chinese businesspeople and their American counterparts.Q：您好，杰克逊先生。您在中国已连续工作了三年。您

43、能否谈一下中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上有何不同之处？(Hi, Mr. Jackson. You have been working in China for three years. Can you tell us how you feelabout the differences in business communication style between Chinese and American businessmen?)A: With pleasure. I think there are at least two differences in the way of business

44、 communication between Chineseand American businesspeople. First, Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirectmanner, as opposed to the more direct manner of American businesspeople. The Chinese take time to learn if theirprospective business contacts are really reliab

45、le, for example, by inviting them to a party and socializing with them.In contrast, American usually act with the “get-down-to-business-first” mentality. Second, the decision makingprocess of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming. This is because most Chinese companieskeep to the “b

46、ottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up” decision-making principle which involves manypeople at different levels. American companies, on the other hand, usually operate with quick decision made by thetop management. I hope American businesspeople in China will understand these differences in busi

47、ness practicesand adjust the Chinese way.（我很乐意。我认为中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上至少有两点不同。首先，中国人在商务谈判时倾向于一种迂回婉转的方式，而美国人则表现出一种直截了当的作风。中国人会花费时间来了解他们将要与之打交道的商人是否靠得住，例如邀请对方参加宴会，与他们进行交流。与之相反，美国人则以“公务为先”的心态行事。第二，中国公司的决策过程耗时冗长。这是因为大部分的中国公司遵循着一种“先自下而上，后自上而下、再自下而上”的决策原则，各个层次上的许多人士都介入决策过程。而美国公司通常是由最高管理人士的快速决策来运作。我希望在华的美国商人理解这

48、些商务活动中的差异，适应中国人的经营之道。 ）Q：美国式的经营之道在我们中国人看来往往显得咄咄逼人。您在与中国同事的合作中有无注意到这一点。(The American way of doing business often strikes us Chinese as very aggressive. Were you aware of this in yourcollaboration with your Chinese colleagues?)A: Well, we are more direct and straightforward than most Chinese, I would

49、say, due to our different culturaltraditions. I noticed that a lot of Chinese often avoid saying a clear“no” just to be polite. Sometimes my Chinesecolleagues say “yes” not to express agreement, but only to show that they are listening. （这个嘛，我认为，由于我们有着不同的文化传统，所以我们同大部分中国人相比，显得较为直截了当、开门见山。我注意到许多中国人出于礼

50、貌而经常不明确地说一声“不” 。有时我的中国同事道一声“是” ，这可不是表示赞同，只是表明他们在注意听对方说话而已。 ）Q：我们都应该承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异，以免产生误解，这很重要不是吗？ (It is important for allof us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstandings, isnt it?)A: Yes, understanding these differences, I believe, will be a first ste