直接引语间接引语2.ppt

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1、Grammar广东广东 郑学敏郑学敏 1.He said: “Ive left my pen in my room.” He said that he had left his book in his room.She said that he would be busy.2.She said: “He will be busy.” 复习复习 (把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语) She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.3.She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”1. 陈述句的间接引语陈述句的间接引

2、语连接词用连接词用that, 在在口语中可省略。引述动词用口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told,等。等。例如：例如： He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” He told me that he had left his book in his room. 复习规律复习规律2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接 词用词用if或或whether，而引述选择疑问句时，而引述选择疑问句时 只能用只能用whether，引述动词用，引述动词用asked，没，没 有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语m

3、e, him等。等。 例如：例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”4.如何变时态：如何变时态： 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般一般现在时现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在

4、进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时如：如：1) She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. “We hope so.” She said they hoped so.3) She said. “He will go to see his friend.” She said he would go to see his friend.但要

5、注意在以下几种情况下。在直但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。不变化。(1)直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth .(2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、直接引语中有具体的过去某

6、年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时某日作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不时态不变。变。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的的, ,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的的, ,变间接引语时变间接引语时, , 时态保持不变。时态保持不变。 The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day

7、.” The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. (4). 若直接引语中含有若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句句,变间接引语时变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” She said she had gone there when she was six years old. (5). 若直接引语的谓语中含有若直接引语的谓语中含有would, s

8、hould, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如：等动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” She said we should help each other. 5.如何变状语：如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在在规律规律，时间状语由，时间状语由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”例例: now变为变为then, yesterday变为变为 the day before, today变为变为that day。地点状语地点状语, 尤其表示

9、方向性的尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示或用指示代词修饰的状语代词修饰的状语, 由由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”(例例: this 改为改为that), 如：如：He said, These books are mine. He said those books were his.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化化: this that; these those ; now then; yesterday the day before; today that day; tomorrow the next day; next week (month, year) the

10、 next week (month, year); ago before; here there 祈使句的间接引语祈使句的间接引语采用采用“动词动词+宾语宾语+不定式不定式”结构。结构。 told/asked/ordered sb. (not) to do sth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示请求请求，间接引语的，间接引语的动词常用动词常用ask，如果是表示，如果是表示命令命令，间接，间接引语的动词常用引语的动词常用tell, order, command等。等。直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)祈使句祈使

11、句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.”不定式不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)Lets开头的祈使句开头的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I suggested him that we (should) start at once.直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)感叹句感叹句He said:

12、 “How happy I am!”that/what/how引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句He said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.例如例如: 1.The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” The mother asked Tom to get up early.2.The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” The teacher told the students not to waste their

13、 time. 例例如：如： He said, Lets go to the film. He suggested going to the film.或或He suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。动句词（或从句）。”1.“Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window.A. said to; to close B

14、. told to; closingC. asked ; to close D. said to; please close练一练练一练2. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do3.“Dont put it on my hat.”his wife said to him. His wife told him _put it on _hat. A. d

15、ont, his B. dont, her C. not to, his D. not to, her4. Rose asked Tom, “Did you see my purse?” Rose asked Tom _. A. whether that he had seen her purse B. whether he had seen her purse C. that whether he had seen her purse D. that if he has seen her purse5.He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter is B

16、. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter解析解析:如果直接引语是如果直接引语是“Whats the matter?” “Whats wrong?” “Whats the trouble?”, 变间接引语时语序不变。变间接引语时语序不变。6. He asked , “Are you a Party member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member

17、or a League member 解析解析: 选择疑问句要变成选择疑问句要变成whether或或if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 C. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member 7. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got w

18、ell C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.解析解析: 反意疑问句要变成反意疑问句要变成whether或或 if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句.8. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid9.The boy said, “May I go along with you?” The boy asked me _. A. if I might go a

19、long with you B. if he might go along with you C. if he might go along with me D. if he might go along with the boy10.He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _ very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to

20、 his mother that the boy was 练一练练一练1. He said, “My sister was here for three days.” He said that_ sister _ _ _ _ three days.2. She said ,”Ill go there tomorrow.” She said that _ _ go there _.hishad beenthere forshe wouldthe next day3. She said, “Did you see him last night?” She _ me _ him _.4. “When

21、 did you go to bed last night?” Father said to Peter. Father _ Peter _ _ the night _.askedif/whether I has seenthe night beforeaskedwhen he went tobeforebed5. The host said to us, “Please come to see us again if you have time.” _.The host asked us to go to see them again if we had time1.Finish Page 50 in Workbook.2.Make up a dialogue with your partner. One use direct speech, the other use indirect speech. And act it out next class.Homework