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1、1西方马克思主义西方马克思主义 Western Marxism Josef Gregory Mahoney, Ph.D.I.Course Description“Western Marxism” is an area of study that has two meanings. First, it refers specifically to Marxist theorists in Western Europe during the early part of the 20th century who theorized in the Marxist tradition and who w

2、ere often at odds with Stalinist interpretations of Marxism. Secondly, in China, it refers more generally to Western Marxists, which includes a much larger group than those first mentioned. This course will selectively survey both groups in two parts. First, it will examine a select number of school

3、s or trends in Western Marxism, and second, it will examine a select number of leading theorists, with emphasis placed on contemporary theorists. II.Teaching MethodLecture and Discussion. The course will be organized and led through lecture and discussion supported by PowerPoint presentations and ot

4、her uses of technology and media. The general format will be one that uses a modified seminar format, one that values, encourages, and requires active student engagement and discussion.III.ReadingsThere is not one single textbook that could adequately cover the course. All readings will be available

5、 in electronic form, whether as pdfs (via Blackboard) or web-based.PART I: MANY DIFFERENT MARXISMSSession I: IntroductionInstructor, Student, Course, and Topic IntroductionsSession II: Western Marxisms BeginningsReadings: Karl Marx, “Theses on Feuerbach”http:/marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/the

6、ses/index.htm Marx, Communist Manifestohttp:/marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm Marx, “Preface” to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy2http:/marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1859/critique-pol-economy/preface.htmMarx, “Afterword to the Second German Edit

7、ion,” Capital Ihttp:/marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/p3.htm Marx on Commodity Fetishism, Capital Ihttp:/marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch01.htm#S4 Session III: Engelsism and/or Leninism, Stalinism and/or TrotskyismReadings:Friedrich Engels, from Dialectics of Naturehttp:/marxists.or

8、g/archive/marx/works/1883/don/ch02.htm Engels, “Engels to Borgius,” MECW 50, pp. 264-267.V.I. Lenin, “Imperialism as a Special Stage of Capitalism,” Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalismhttp:/marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/ch07.htm Josef Stalin, “Trotksyism or Leninism”http:/ma

9、rxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/11_19.htm Leon Trotsky, “The Soviet Thermidor,” The Revolution Betrayedhttp:/marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1936/revbet/ch05.htmSession IV: Critical Theory, the Frankfurt School, and BenjaminReadings:Theordor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, “The Culture Indust

10、ry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception”http:/marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1944/culture-industry.htmAdorno, “Late Capitalism or Industrial Society”http:/marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1968/late-capitalism.htm Walter Benjamin, “The Work of Art in the Mechanical Age of Reproduction”http:/m

11、arxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm Benjamin, “On the Concept of History”http:/marxists.org/reference/archive/benjamin/1940/history.htm Session V: Feminist and Queer MarxismReadings:Martha E. Gimenez, “Marxism/Materialism Feminism”http:/www.cddc.vt.edu/feminism/mar.html 3L

12、ise Vogel, “Marxism, Feminism, and Womens Liberation,” pp. 1-9.Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, “Can the Subaltern Speak?” Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, pp. 271-313.Kevin Floyd, “Introduction,” The Reification of Desire: Toward a Queer Marxism, pp. 1-38.Session VI: Post-Marxism and Analytica

13、l Marxism Readings:G.A. Cohen, “Introduction,” Karl Marxs Theory of History, pp. xvii-xxviii.Marcus Roberts, “Introduction,” Analytical Marxism: A Critique, pp. 1-14.Stuart Sim, Post-Marxism, pp. 1-11.PART II: SELECTED THEORISTSSession VII: Luxemburg and Korsch contra LeninismReadings: Rosa Luxembur

14、g, “Democracy and Dictatorship,” The Russian Revolutionhttp:/marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1918/russian-revolution/ch08.htmLuxemburg, “Our Programme and the Political Situation”http:/marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/index.htm Karl Korsch, “The Present State of the Problem of Marxism and Philosophy An

15、 Anti-Critique,” Marxism and Philosophy, pp. 98-144.http:/marxists.org/archive/korsch/19xx/anti-critique.htm Session VIII: Lukcs on Luxemburg, Reification and the Destruction of ReasonReadings: Georg Lukcs, “The Marxism of Rosa Luxemburg,” History and Class Consciousnesshttp:/marxists.org/archive/lu

16、kacs/works/history/ch02.htm Lukcs, “Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat,” History and Class Consciousnesshttp:/marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm Lukcs, “Preface to the New Edition,” History and Class Consciousnesshttp:/marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/luka

17、cs67.htm 4Lukcs, “Nietzsche as the Founder of Irrationalism in the Imperialist Period,” The Destruction of Reasonhttp:/marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/destruction-reason/ch03.htm Session IX: Gramsci on Cultural Hegemony and Wars of Position and Maneuver Antonio Gramsci, “The Revolution against Cap

18、ital,” The Pre-Prison Writings, pp. 39-42.Gramsci, “State and Society,” Selections from the Prison Notebooks, pp. 206-278.Session X: Althusser on ISAs, RSAs, and InterpellationReading:Louis Althusser, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses,” Lenin and Philosophy, pp. 127-186.Session XI: Althuss

19、ers For MarxReadings: Althusser, “On the Young Marx,” For Marx, pp. 49-86.Althusser, “Contradiction and Overdetermination,” For Marx, pp. 87-128.Althusser, “On the Materialist Dialectic,” For Marx, pp. 161-218.Althusser, “Marxism and Humanism,” For Marx, pp. 219-248.Session XII: Marcuse on Revolutio

20、n and ReasonReadings:Herbert Marcuse, “Dialectic and its Vicissitudes,” Soviet Marxism, pp. 136-159.Marcuse, “The Transition from Socialism to Communism,” Soviet Marxism, pp. 160-191.Marcuse, An Essay on Liberation, pp. 3-91.Marcuse, “The Marxian Dialectic,” Reason and Revolutionhttp:/marxists.org/r

21、eference/archive/marcuse/works/reason/ch02-4.htm#s7 Marcuse, “Cultural Revolution,” Towards a Critical Theory of Society: Collected Papers of Herbert Marcuse, Volume II, pp. 121-162.Session XIII: Bloch and Jameson on UtopiaReadings:5Ernst Bloch and Theodor Adorno, “Somethings Missing,” The Utopian F

22、unction of Art and Literature, pp. 1-17.Bloch, “Introduction,” The Principle of Hope: Volume I, pp. 3-18.Fredric Jameson, “Utopia Now,” Archaeologies of the Future, pp. xi-xvi.Session XIV: Jameson on Ideology and PostmodernityReadings: Jameson, The Political Unconscious, pp. 9-102.Jameson, Postmoder

23、nity, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalismhttp:/marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/us/jameson.htm Session XV: Harvey on Postmodernity and the Possibility of ProgressReadings: David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity, pp. 284-359.Harvey, “The Spaces of Utopia,” Spaces of Hope, p

24、p. 133-181.Harvey, “Appendix,” Spaces of Hope, pp. 257-281.Session XVI: Harvey on New ImperialismReading: Harvey, “All about Oil,” The New Imperialism, pp. 1-25.Harvey, “Consent to Coercion, The New Imperialism, pp. 183-212.Session XVII: iek on Mao, Violence, and TotalityReadings: Slavoj iek, “Mao Z

25、edong: The Marxist Lord of Misrule,” On Practice and Contradiction, pp. 1-28.iek, “Unbehagen in der Natur,” In Defense of Lost Causes, pp. 420-462.iek, “Introduction,” Violence, pp. 1-8.Session XVIII: ieks on the End Times of CapitalismReadings: iek, Living in the End Times, pp. vii-xv.iek, “What do

26、es it mean to be a revolutionary today?” Talk at Marxism 2009 (video, to be viewed in class).Mahoney, “On ieks Revolution,” forthcoming in Chinese in Marxism and Reality, pp. 1-20.6IV.Neglected Topics and TheoristsOur course of study has given short shrift to a number of topics and theorists, and in

27、 some cases, neglected them altogether. We are limited, of course, in terms of time and energy, and thus, what we can introduce this term is likewise limited. However, if time permitted, we would have examined works by Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Simone de Beauvoir, Che Guavara, Almicar

28、 Cabral, Raymond Williams, Henri Lefebvre, Jrgen Habermas, C.L.R. James, Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, Alain Badiou, Alex Callinicos, Bertell Ollman, Sean Sayers, and Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, E.P. Thompson, Roy Bhaskar, Terrell Carver, and many others. Additionally, we would have examin

29、ed in more depth some of the central works from Marcuse and Adorno, in particular, Adornos Negative Dialectics and Marcuses One-Dimensional Man. In Sartres case, we have ignored his two-volume Critique of Dialectical Reason. Walter Benjamins The Arcades Project is also missed here, as is, arguably,

30、Cedric Robinsons Black Marxism.Neglected topics include discussions related to Marxism and literature, particularly critical theory, Hegelian Marxism, and Marxism and postcolonial theory, among others. We have also neglected study of Marxism in Cuba and various socialist movements, past and present,

31、 in Latin America. There are, no doubt, other weaknesses here. For example, the decision to spend only one session on Lukcs and only two on Althusser was not reached lightly, and likewise the decision to combine feminist and queer Marxisms in a single session. Certainly, this syllabus is heavy on th

32、eory and light on practice, neglecting various political movements, party histories, and the like. V.Graded Elements85%:Seventeen Posts. For each session with an assigned reading, students must post an original, unique, reasonably challenging, thought provoking post on Blackboard before 9pm the day

33、before the reading is due. Posts must be drawn from assigned readings and include formal page citations. Students must bring a printed copy of their post, including relevant page citations, to class for discussion and/or presentation. The post itself must take the form of a formal paragraph or two,

34、and consist of at least 250 words. Please note the number of words in parentheses at the bottom of the page. Grading will be based on meeting minimum requirements here stated AND a demonstrated, good faith effort to address provocative issues for class-7related discussion. Posts can reference one or

35、 more of the assigned readings, but only one post is due. Each post is worth 5% (5 points).15%: Leadership, Organization, and Active Participation. At the end of the term you will be asked to submit a report detailing how you have served the class and yourself as a leader, as an organizer, and as an

36、 active participant in our studies, discussion, and any other related activities (15 points).VI.Miscellaneous PoliciesPolicy on Unexcused Absences. Every graded element of this course requires active participation. Unexcused absences present two penalties: 1) late submissions are not permitted; and

37、2) without exception, each unexcused absence reduces your final grade by 3% plus penalties for failure to submit assignments on time.Make-ups for Excused Absences. See the instructor as soon as possible, preferably during office hours, and before the second session following your return to class. Ab

38、sences are excused if they fit one of the following descriptions: personal illness (a doctors note is required); death in your immediate family; or an officially sanctioned holiday.General Guidance for Written Submissions. All submissions must be typed, double-spaced, include page numbers, use 12 po

39、int Times New Roman font, and adhere to standard grammatical and citation conventions. Plagiarism and Cheating. Plagiarism will result in a report to the Departments Vice Chair and a failing grade for that assignment. A second report will result in a failing final grade for the course. Diversity and

40、 Tolerance. I welcome and respect all students, regardless of race, gender, religion, political values, and sexual orientation. Likewise, whatever ones personal beliefs may be, I expect all students to welcome and respect each other in the classroom. Sometimes, in the course of a free exchange of ideas, a person or several people may be offended. If and when such instances occur, I expect those who have been offended and those who have offended to address their concerns, immediately, in class, or as soon as possible and appropriate.