Unit2宾语从句.ppt

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1、Section AGrammar FocusObject clauses with that, if and whether1. I think that theyre fun to watch.2. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.3. Bill wonders whether theyll have the sweet rice dumplings again next year.4. I wonder if its similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Pro

2、vince.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teach

3、er told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with that连词连词that不能省略的几种情况不能省略的几种情况 在由在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，只

4、起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的引导的宾语从句中，宾语从句中，that则不能省略。则不能省略。1. 从句的主语是从句的主语是that。如：。如： He says that that is a real kings crown. 他说那是一个真的王冠。他说那是一个真的王冠。2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay f

5、or it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她说她要来，还

6、要带她的儿子来。她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。1. These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.2. Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.3. People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.4. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.

7、5. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.6. Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which of the following sentences has an object clause?根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 我认为玛丽不回来了。我

8、认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether . if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但但if常用

9、于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序

10、和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意时态变化：其次要注意时态变化： 1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：态。如： He wants to know if / whether

11、 they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had

12、left. . if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天

13、是否来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to know

14、 if he wont come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, pl

15、ease call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. tau

16、ghtAChoose the right answers.5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I h

17、ave heardBAC 7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will come改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I

18、want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether Complete the sentences.1. 我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星你能告诉我是不是

19、有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？上去吗？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plants3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。我担心是否伤害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang cam

20、e up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time w

21、ill tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.( )1. I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time习题链接习题链接D( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and

22、 join us. A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. A. what can we do B. where w

23、e can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( )5. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. A. when B. what C. whether D. since C( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to school if she _ free. A. will take part in; will b

24、e B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. A. if B.

25、 when C. that D. whereA( )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light _much faster than sound. A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new unde

26、rstanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) 12.Do you know _? At the end of July. A. how soon is your sister r

27、unning back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new computer game come outC( ) 13. -Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great W

28、all built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC( ) 14. We havent discussed yet _. A. where we are going to put our new table B. where are we going to put our new table C. what we are going to

29、put our new table D. what are we going to put our new tableA( ) 15. I wonder _. A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA( ) 16. They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. A. that B. if C. whether( ) 17. Our physics teacher told us light _ faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA