公开课新施永灵.pptx

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1、一、相关概念二、种类三、常见引导词四、七大常考考点1.thatwhat 2. it形式主语、宾语的用法3.语序问题 4.同位语从句和定从的区别5. ifwhether6.whatwhatever 7.名词性从句与状语从句相关概念1.名词名词：表示人或事物的名称的词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作：名词在句中主要作主语主语,宾语宾语,表语和同位语表语和同位语。另外还可以作。另外还可以作定语定语,状语状语。3.名词性从句名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的充当的主主 语语、宾语宾语、表语表语和和同位语同位语，

2、由，由一个句子来充当一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫这个句子就叫:名词性名词性从句。从句。1.It is known to you all that I am an English teacher.2.You know that I am an English teacher.3. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam.4. The fact that I am an English teacher is known to you all.Find the clauses and tell the functi

3、on of them:that I am an English teacher that I am an English teacher.What I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. that I am an English teacherSubject ClauseObject ClauseSubject ClausePredicative ClauseAppositive Clause连接词连接词+名词性从句名词性从句(陈述句语序陈述句语序即主即主+谓谓)谓语动词谓语动词/介词介词 名名 词词When we sha

4、ll hold the meeting depends on whether John can return tomorrow. 系动词系动词The problem is when John will come back.We expressed our hope that we could visit the country again.主语从主语从句句同位语同位语从句从句表语表语从句从句宾语宾语从句从句1.1.连连接接代代词词有：有： that whether that whether 和和 lflf2.2.连接词有：连接词有：who who whom whose which whom w

5、hose which whatwhat等等 3.3.连接副词有：连接副词有：when where why how when where why how 等等 另外另外 whatever whoever whicheverwhatever whoever whichever等也可等也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。以引导主语和宾语两种从句。 名词性名词性从从句的常用连接词句的常用连接词1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2._ is known to us al

6、l is that America is a developed country _ the First World.A. Which; belong to B. As, belonged to C. What; belonging to D. It; belonging to主语从句主语从句2. 2. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后放在连系动词之后. .作用：对主语进行解释说明。作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不不引导引导表语从句表语从句) )连接

7、代词：连接代词：who / whoever / which / whatever 连接副词：连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. whi

8、ch D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when 3 3. . 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） that, whether，if （ that 常可省略常可省略） 连词：连词：who, what, which, whoever, whatever when , where , why ,how1). Can you make su

9、re where Alice has put the gold ring.2). It all depends on whether they will support us .3). She will give whoever needs help a warm support.4 4 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象名词名词（ idea；belief；fact；truth； rumour；news 等）后面，等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明对名词作进一步解释说明. .同位语从句常用同位语从句常用 that/ whe

10、ther引导或连接副词引导或连接副词when / where /why / how 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2)Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .3).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness. 看看从句从句中缺少

11、什么成分，根据意思选择适当中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用that.一找一找二查二查三选三选：从句从句：缺少什么成分缺少什么成分：意思适合的连接词意思适合的连接词连词选择总原则：连词选择总原则： That和和what都可以引导所有的名词从句。但是都可以引导所有的名词从句。但是what除除了起连接词的作用外还可以在从句中充当成分，可充当了起连接词的作用外还可以在从句中充当成分，可充当主语，宾语，或者表语。而主语，宾语，或者表语。而that在名词从句中不充当任在名词从句中不充当任何成分只起连接词的作用。何成分只起连接词的作

12、用。That引导引导名词从句时在从句中不充当任何成名词从句时在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导分，也没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意义。从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意义。1，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句用，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句用that但不能省略。但不能省略。2，it做形式宾语做形式宾语,宾语从句的。宾语从句的。3，并列宾语从句中第二个宾语从句开始都，并列宾语从句中第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略。不可省略。1. _ he wants to go there is obvious.2. The result is _ we wo

13、n the game.3. He is no longer _he used to be.4. I have no doubt _ you will succeed.Thatthatwhatthat It possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 It said/ reported that据说据说/据报道据报道 It seems/appears/happens. that显然、明显、显然、明显、 碰巧碰巧 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知

14、）众所周知） / a common saying.（俗话说）（俗话说）1. _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.2. I dont know _ or not he is well.3. I havent decided _ to go there.Whetherwhetherwhethera. _、_、_ 从句。从句。b. _词后的宾语从句。词后的宾语从句。d. 与与 _连在一起引导宾语从连在一起引导宾语从句。句。c. 后面直接跟后面直接跟_当宾语。当宾语。 2.不能使用不能使用if 的

15、情况的情况:主语主语表语表语同位语同位语介介or not动词不定式动词不定式1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like v2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .vA. how he was excitedvB. how was he excitedvC.

16、 how excited he wasvD. he was how excited4.What time do you think _?A.will Besty come here B.Besty will come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here 同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, sugges

17、tion后面后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容.1. 同位语从句同位语从句that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分只起连接作用，不作任何成分 定语从句定语从句 that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语当宾语和主语2.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关 系，对名词进行补充说明系，对名词进行补充说明 定语从句定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对 名词进行修饰，加以限定名词进行修饰，加以限定3.同位语从句同位语从句that 不能省不能省 定语从句定语从句

18、that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省在从句中作宾语时，可以省The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .The news that we know from her excited all of us .解释说明；解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。但是不能省。修饰限定；修饰限定；that在从句中有成分、在从句中有成分、作宾语时可以省作宾语时可以省。同位语从句同位语从句定语从定语从句句1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great va

19、lue.2. The suggestion that he made is of great value.3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied.4.The fact that he told me excited me.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从定语从句句定语从定语从句句注注: 1. 1. 同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导2. 在在have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句引导同位语从句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have n

20、o idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.v1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2. _we need is more time.v3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.v4._ breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverv _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而v_

21、等引导的等引导的名词性从句都名词性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。whoever, whateverWho, what 请你归纳请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever ?1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 注：注：wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句又可引导让步状语从句no matter wh- 只引导让步状丛只引导让步状丛 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 名词性从句和定语从句高高考真题演练考真题演练状语从句状语从句