任务型读写公开课.ppt

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1、三、任务型读写1(2013安徽高考安徽高考)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。的单词。注意注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。每个空格只填一个单词。Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether youre seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, youve got to move forward. Weve inter

2、viewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood(心情心情): Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120, 000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweeks

3、Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable and satisfying relationships. ”Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: all may increase a feeling of happiness, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants(参与者参与者)follow

4、ed the development of their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn. The editors of forbes. com gave $5 or $20 to 46 strangers by chance. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was

5、 told to spend it on others. Those whod shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those whod spent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that its not how much money you spend, but how you spend it, that inspires the

6、spirit. Studies from the Positive Psychology Center showed that discouraged people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved attitude. Drinking water really can help keep you cheerful. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut sug

7、gested that even slight dehydration(脱水脱水)affected the moods of its female participants. Title(1)for HappinessIntroductionYou will move(2)in the course of finding happiness. The findingsof(3) Some(4)toward happinessValue your relationshipsThe(5)happiness lies in the most stable and satisfying relatio

8、nships. (6) ourselfYou can gain happinessby singing aloud or talking to others. Spend money on othersYour spirit will be inspired by(7)the wealth. (8)on the positiveYour attitude would be improved when you fix your attention on good things. Drink waterIf a woman takes in enough water, her(9)of happi

9、ness may remain. ConclusionHappiness can be found if all(10)have been done. 【文章大意【文章大意】介绍关于幸福感是什么介绍关于幸福感是什么, 如何寻找如何寻找幸福感。幸福感。1. Look(ing)/Search(ing)/Seek(ing)【解析【解析】信息查找信息查找/概括题。第概括题。第1题所在部分为文章标题题所在部分为文章标题, 要能概要能概括全文内容括全文内容, 全文叙述的是有关幸福的话题全文叙述的是有关幸福的话题, 再根据再根据for Happiness, 还有文中的还有文中的In other words,

10、 whether youre seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, 可知选用可知选用Look(ing)/ Search(ing)/ Seek(ing)这些词这些词, 另外还请注意单词首字另外还请注意单词首字母的大小写及动词采用的形式母的大小写及动词采用的形式, 就标题而言就标题而言, 可用动词原形或动可用动词原形或动词的词的ing形式。形式。2. forward/ahead/on【解析【解析】信息查找题。本题所用的词汇在第一段中有提示信息查找题。本题所用的词汇在第一段中有提示, youve got to m

11、ove forward, 另根据表格中的形式还可用另根据表格中的形式还可用ahead /on等副词来表示等副词来表示“向前向前/继续继续”的意思。的意思。3. experts/researchers【解析【解析】信息查找题。从文中第一段中信息查找题。从文中第一段中Weve interviewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood, 以以及第二段中及第二段中Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked, 可知此处为专家或研究人员

12、研究发现的结可知此处为专家或研究人员研究发现的结果。果。4. steps/ways【解析【解析】信息查找题。从文中第一段最后一句话中信息查找题。从文中第一段最后一句话中and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood可知可知, 本空选用本空选用steps/ways, 而表格此处标题下方正好给出了而表格此处标题下方正好给出了5种方法或措施。种方法或措施。5. greatest【解析【解析】信息概括题。根据文中第二段的信息概括题。根据文中第二段的The highest levels of happiness are found with the mo

13、st stable and satisfying relationships可知可知, 此处为此处为“最大的幸福最大的幸福”, 用形容词最高级修用形容词最高级修饰饰happiness。6. Express【解析【解析】信息概括题。根据文中第三段信息概括题。根据文中第三段feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn的信息对比分析的信息对比分析, 可知性格外向、开朗会得到更多可知性格外向、开朗会得到更多的幸福的幸福, 正好与表格中的正好与表格中的You can gain

14、happiness by singing aloud or talking to others一致一致, 所以分析可知所以分析可知yourself为为“表达你自己表达你自己”, 再根据表格中再根据表格中6空所在列的其他标题可知空所在列的其他标题可知, 此此处应用动词原形处应用动词原形, 所以用所以用express, 注意该单词首字母要大写。注意该单词首字母要大写。7. sharing【解析【解析】信息加工题。从文中第四段中信息加工题。从文中第四段中Those whod shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day, 可知选用

15、可知选用share一词一词, 但要完成表格但要完成表格, 还应注意还应注意7空前为介词空前为介词by, 所以用所以用sharing。8. Focus/Concentrate【解析【解析】信息概括题。从全文倒数第二段全段意思以及表格信息概括题。从全文倒数第二段全段意思以及表格中后一部分的中后一部分的when you fix your attention on good things可推可推知知8空应为空应为“关注关注/聚焦聚焦”一些积极的事情一些积极的事情, 所以用短语所以用短语“focus/concentrate on”。9. feeling/mood/sense【解析【解析】信息概括题。从全

16、文内容可推知信息概括题。从全文内容可推知, 主要讲述寻找幸福主要讲述寻找幸福感感(sense of happiness)。10. these/those【解析【解析】信息概括题。根据信息概括题。根据10空前的标题空前的标题Conclusion以及上以及上面陈述的面陈述的5 steps/ways, 可推知结论为可推知结论为“假如所有这些事情都假如所有这些事情都被做到了被做到了, 那将会找到幸福那将会找到幸福”。2(2012安徽高考安徽高考)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。的单词。注意注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。每个空格

17、只填一个单词。Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way. How should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. In man

18、y parts of Asia, there is no physical contact(接触接触)at all. In Japan, you should bow, and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest. In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect. Ma

19、ny countries have rules about what you should and shouldnt wear. In Muslim countries, you shouldnt reveal(显显露露)the body, especially women, who should wear long blouses and skirts. In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. Remember to place them neatly together where you came in

20、. In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. For this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat. In Britain, its not unusual to have a busines

21、s meeting over breakfast. In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local l

22、anguage. In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to. Title: Good(1) AspectCountryCustom(2)_ America Japan Thailand Shaking hands firmly (3)to show respect Pressing both hands together at the chestDressing (4) countries Korea Wearing long blouses and s

23、kirts Taking off your shoes at the(5) Eating Spain Mexico (7) Having a light breakfast and a late dinner Relaxing while having(6) Holding a business meeting over breakfastDoingbusiness Most countries China Exchanging business cards when(8)yourself Presenting a card to a person(9)its front facing him

24、Conclusion: When traveling(10), we should follow local customs. 【文章大意【文章大意】主要介绍不同国家的风俗习惯主要介绍不同国家的风俗习惯, 如问候、穿如问候、穿着、餐桌文化及商务场合的交际礼仪着、餐桌文化及商务场合的交际礼仪, 提醒旅行者应该入乡随提醒旅行者应该入乡随俗。俗。1. Manners/manners/Behavior/behavior【解析【解析】综合概括题。提取各段主题句综合概括题。提取各段主题句, 整合提炼后可知本语整合提炼后可知本语篇主要介绍不同国家的风俗习惯篇主要介绍不同国家的风俗习惯, 如问候、穿着、餐桌文

25、化及如问候、穿着、餐桌文化及商务场合的交际礼仪。商务场合的交际礼仪。2. Greeting【解析解析】综合概括题。根据第二段主题句综合概括题。根据第二段主题句“How should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? ”和和“. . . people greet each other. . . ”, 综合提炼后可知本段介绍不同国综合提炼后可知本段介绍不同国家的人初次见面的问候情况。家的人初次见面的问候情况。3. Bowing【解析【解析】整合转换题。根据第二段整合转换题。根据第二段“. . . the deeper you

26、should bow”, 结合本单元格中另外两项结合本单元格中另外两项, 可知应用可知应用Bowing。4. Muslim【 解 析【 解 析 】 信 息 筛 选 题 。 根 据 第 三 段信 息 筛 选 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 “ I n M u s l i m countries. . . ”, 筛选出信息词筛选出信息词Muslim。5. entrance/door【解析【解析】整合转换题。提取第三段信息整合转换题。提取第三段信息“In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house”, 根据表格根据表格形式要求将

27、形式要求将entering转换成转换成entrance/door。6. lunch【解析【解析】信息筛选题。根据第四段信息筛选题。根据第四段In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax. . . , 筛选出单词筛选出单词lunch。7. Britain/England/the UK【解析【解析】信息筛选题。根据第四段信息筛选题。根据第四段In Britain, its not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast. 可知此处应填可知此处应填Britain/England/the UK。8. introduc

28、ing【解析【解析】整合转换题。此处为整合转换题。此处为when doing sth. 的结构的结构, 根据最根据最后一段后一段In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. 可知可知introducing符合题意。符合题意。9. with【解析【解析】信息筛选题。根据文章最后一句信息筛选题。根据文章最后一句In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are givin

29、g it to. , 筛选出有效信息词筛选出有效信息词with。10. abroad/about/around/worldwide【解析【解析】综合概括题。根据单词综合概括题。根据单词travel的搭配情况的搭配情况, 此处应用此处应用副词副词, 通过对第一段中的通过对第一段中的“all corners of the world和和global”及及各段的主题信息进行概括可知答案。各段的主题信息进行概括可知答案。3(2011安徽高考安徽高考)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。的单词。注意注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。每个

30、空格只填一个单词。If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our schools should teach. Politeness is a mark of civilization. The sooner chil

31、dren learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners. Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we dont make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the b

32、eginning. Were likely to accept something we are told, but thats not what educated people do. Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical(批判性的批判性的)thinking. Children should learn to take care of their health. They shou

33、ld know that if they eat junk food(垃圾食品垃圾食品), they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke. All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are. We have to know a little

34、bit of our history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us. How will we test students on these? We cant. But thats not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children:

35、“This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it. ”TitleVery Useful(1) IntroductionEducation should be a(2)for life. AdviceImportant things should be taught in(3). Teaching(4) How to behave(5) The basic skill of(6)money How to(7)in a critical way How to keep(8)_ Th

36、e rights and responsibilities one has in(9) ConclusionChildren should be taught what(10)is and how to deal with it. 【文章大意【文章大意】本文旨在说明一个问题本文旨在说明一个问题, 就是教育的目的应就是教育的目的应该是为生活做准备。本文意在说明教育的功能该是为生活做准备。本文意在说明教育的功能, 及我们在教育及我们在教育过程中应该注意的方面。过程中应该注意的方面。1. Teaching/Education/Schooling【解析【解析】信息筛选题。由文章第一段可知答案。本空只要

37、填信息筛选题。由文章第一段可知答案。本空只要填和和“教育教育”含义有关的词汇即可。含义有关的词汇即可。2. preparation【解析【解析】整合转换题。由整合转换题。由. . . the function of education is to prepare us for life可知答案。答此题时注意空前有冠词可知答案。答此题时注意空前有冠词a, 故故应用名词应用名词preparation。3. school(s)【解析【解析】信息筛选题。由句子信息筛选题。由句子Here is what our schools should teach. 可知答案。答此题时注意单复数即可。可知答案。答此

38、题时注意单复数即可。4. Contents/contents/Subjects/subjects/Topics/topics【解析【解析】综合概括题。句子综合概括题。句子Here is what our schools should teach. 和以下各段分别说明教育的和以下各段分别说明教育的“内容内容, 科目科目”等等, 本空只本空只要切合这个含义即可。要切合这个含义即可。5. politely/properly/well【解析【解析】整合转换题。由句子整合转换题。由句子Politeness is a mark of civilization. 可知答案。注意本空应根据可知答案。注意本空应

39、根据Politeness选择含义选择含义; 根据根据behave选择副词形式。选择副词形式。6. managing【解析【解析】整合转换题。根据第三段整合转换题。根据第三段. . . we dont make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning可知答案。可知答案。注意此空前的介词注意此空前的介词of, 故填故填managing。7. think【解析【解析】整合转换题。由句子整合转换题。由句子I

40、f our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical thinking. 可知答案。注意此可知答案。注意此空前的不定式空前的不定式to, 故填故填think。8. healthy/fit【解析【解析】整合转换题。根据第五段整合转换题。根据第五段Children should learn to take care of their health. , 此空在动词此空在动词keep后后, 应该用形容词应该用形容词healthy(或或fit), 构成系表结构。构成系表结构。9. society【解析【解析】信息筛选

41、题。由句子信息筛选题。由句子All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. 可知答案。可知答案。10. life【解析【解析】信息筛选题。由句子信息筛选题。由句子“This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it. ”可知答案。可知答案。热点考向热点考向 1 信息筛选题信息筛选题1. 命题特点命题特点: (1)试题与原文句型结构大都有变化。试题与原文句型结构大都有变化。(2)可以直接筛选查找出

42、相应原词。可以直接筛选查找出相应原词。2. 解题技巧解题技巧: 信息筛选题是基础题目信息筛选题是基础题目, 一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照对照, 边读文章边找出试题的相关信息边读文章边找出试题的相关信息, 有时试题和原文句型有时试题和原文句型句式不同句式不同, 需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词, 直接填直接填入筛选出的原词。入筛选出的原词。【典例【典例】(2012安徽高考安徽高考)原文原文: In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the

43、 person you are giving it to. 表格表格: Presenting a card to a person(84)its front facing him. 【点拨【点拨】根据表格句型结构明确此处必填介词根据表格句型结构明确此处必填介词, 然后从中找出然后从中找出相关词相关词present your card及及presenting a card和和facing筛选出单筛选出单词词with。(2011安徽高考安徽高考)原文原文: This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you d

44、eal with it. 表格表格: Children should be taught what(85)is and how to deal with it. 【点拨【点拨】表格中的句子对原文进行了改变表格中的句子对原文进行了改变, 通过句意和意群通过句意和意群how to deal with it在原文中找到在原文中找到how you deal with it及其全句及其全句筛选出单词筛选出单词life。热点考向热点考向 2 整合转换题整合转换题1. 命题特点命题特点: (1)不能直接筛选出原词不能直接筛选出原词, 但可以找出同根词或同类意义的句型。但可以找出同根词或同类意义的句型。(2)

45、要求考生变化词形时要注意保持同一单元格或上下单元格要求考生变化词形时要注意保持同一单元格或上下单元格的一致性。的一致性。 2. 解题技巧解题技巧: 整合转换题是典型的信息二次加工题型整合转换题是典型的信息二次加工题型, 需要考生有基本的构需要考生有基本的构词法知识词法知识, 对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时, 不不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息但要找到与试题相关的句子信息, 还要根据词法和句法知识以还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工, 从而提炼出新词。可细分为如从而提炼出新词。可细分为如下两种情况下两种情况

46、: (1)词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同分不同, 因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。例如例如: 【典例【典例】(2011安徽高考安徽高考)原文原文: Politeness is a mark of civilization. 表格表格: How to behave(80) politely. 【点拨【点拨】根据文意首先找到关联信息句根据文意首先找到关联信息句, 通过比照找到关键词。通过比照找到关键词。原句中的原句中的politeness是名词是名词, 转换后

47、成为动词转换后成为动词behave的修饰语的修饰语, 故应为副词形式故应为副词形式politely。这是典型的词性和词形转换的例子。这是典型的词性和词形转换的例子。(2012安徽高考安徽高考)原文原文: . . . the deeper you should bow表格表格: (78)Bowing to show respect【点拨【点拨】原文中找到信息词原形动词原文中找到信息词原形动词bow后后, 再参看单元格其再参看单元格其他项他项, 应填写应填写Bowing。注意单元格内要保持结构的一致性。句。注意单元格内要保持结构的一致性。句首字母要大写。首字母要大写。(2)句型整合转换。试题中的被

48、考查单词在原文中找不到句型整合转换。试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词同根词, 无法获取单词进行转换无法获取单词进行转换, 需在短文中通过语境找到相需在短文中通过语境找到相应表达句应表达句, 根据上下文逻辑关系进行句型转换。例如根据上下文逻辑关系进行句型转换。例如: 【典例【典例】(2010安徽高考安徽高考)原文原文: Understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative. 表格表格: A difficult person will be(84

49、) easier to cooperate with if understanding is achieved. 【点拨【点拨】原文中原文中less difficult的近义为的近义为easier。3. 转换原则转换原则(1)保持表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上的一致性。同保持表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上的一致性。同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。【典例【典例】(2012安徽高考安徽高考) (77) America Japan Thailand Shaking hands firmly (78)to show respect Pressing b

50、oth hands together at the chest【点拨【点拨】观察此表观察此表, 发现右栏单元格内均为发现右栏单元格内均为v. -ing形式形式, 故故78题题也应填上也应填上v. -ing形式为宜。由于其他句首均大写形式为宜。由于其他句首均大写, 故故78题也应题也应首字母大写。首字母大写。(2)善用同义词和反义词进行转换。例如善用同义词和反义词进行转换。例如: Most workers were for/were in favor of/stood for the decision. = Most workers supported the decision. (同义词同义词