2022年雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析（3）.docx

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1、2022年雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析（3）雅思阅读备考是一个非常完整的过程，有先后顺序的，下面就来看看小编为大家收集整理的雅思阅读备考策略，分享给大家，希望对大家有所帮助，文中观点仅供参考。1.由易到难，严抓容易定位的费时短的题，再看难定位的。因此，也不存在是否该先解答哪一种题型的问题。2.至于是该先看文章再答题还是不看文章直接答题应该因人而异，因题目而异。对于词汇量大、阅读速度快、理解力强的考生来说，当然是先读文章较好，当我们熟悉文章的总体思路和结构后，答题时就会少许多盲目和浪费时间，会很顺手。反之，对词汇、阅读速度慢、理解力慢的考生来说，就没多大必要读全篇了，因为对他们而言，读了之后也

2、不会有任何记忆或理解。还不如干脆直接找关键词答问题算了。就题型而言，对于关键词好定位的题当然不需要看全文，而如果所有的题目中都没有特殊印刷体的话，即使没有标题匹配题，我们也必须浏览全文。3.答题一定要全部覆盖，尤其是对于词汇量不够大的考生而言更是如此，因为每篇文章都会多多少少有较容易回答的题。全面覆盖是考得理想成绩的大前提。4.也是所有觉得时间不够的考生应该特别注意的学会放弃。有些考生太执着，一题不解出决不罢休。这在雅思阅读中比较吃亏的。在答题的时候，正确的心态应该是像对待感情一样严肃认真的对待，感觉无望时就赶紧放弃。否则就会留下为一棵树而放弃一片森林的遗憾。以上就是雅思阅读备考的全部内容，任

3、何复习都是一个循序渐进的过程，并要注意能够适当的使用一些考试技巧，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。1Timetocoolit1REFRIGERATORSaretheepitomeofclunkytechnology:solid,reliableandjustalittlebitdull.Theyhavenotchangedmuchoverthepastcentury,butthentheyhavenotneededto.Theyarebasedonarobustandeffectiveidea-drawheatfromthethingyouwanttocoolbyevaporatingaliquid

4、nexttoit,andthendumpthatheatbypumpingthevapourelsewhereandcondensingit.Thismethodofpumpingheatfromoneplacetoanotherservedmankindwellwhenrefrigerators'mainjobswerepreservingfoodand,asairconditioners,coolingbuildings.Today'shigh-techworld,however,demandshigh-techrefrigeration.Heatpumpsarenolon

5、geruptothejob.Thesearchisonforsomethingtoreplacethem.2Onesetofcandidatesareknownasparaelectricmaterials.Theseactlikebatterieswhentheyundergoatemperaturechange:attachelectrodestothemandtheygenerateacurrent.Thiseffectisusedininfra-redcameras.Anarrayoftinypiecesofparaelectricmaterialcansensetheheatradi

6、atedby,forexample,aperson,andthepatternofthearray'selectricaloutputscanthenbeusedtoconstructanimage.Butuntilrecentlynoonehadbotheredmuchwiththeinverseofthisprocess.Thatinverseexists,however.Applyanappropriatecurrenttoaparaelectricmaterialanditwillcooldown.3Someonewhoislookingatthisinverseeffecti

7、sAlexMischenko,ofCambridgeUniversity.Usingcommerciallyavailableparaelectricfilm,heandhiscolleagueshavegeneratedtemperaturedropsfivetimesbiggerthananypreviouslyrecorded.Thatmaybeenoughtochangethephenomenonfromalaboratorycuriositytosomethingwithcommercialapplications.4Astowhatthoseapplicationsmightbe,

8、DrMischenkoisstillalittlehazy.Hehas,nevertheless,setupacompanytopursuethem.Heforeseesputtinghisdiscoverytouseinmoreefficientdomesticfridgesandairconditioners.Therealmoney,though,maybeincoolingcomputers.5Gadgetscontainingmicroprocessorshavebeengettinghotterforalongtime.OneconsequenceofMoore'sLaw,

9、whichdescribesthedoublingofthenumberoftransistorsonachipevery18months,isthattheamountofheatproduceddoublesaswell.Infact,itmorethandoubles,becausebesidesincreasinginnumber,thecomponentsaregettingfaster.Heatisreleasedeverytimealogicaloperationisperformedinsideamicroprocessor,sothefastertheprocessoris,

10、themoreheatitgenerates.Doublingthefrequencyquadruplestheheatoutput.Andthefrequencyhasdoubledalot.ThefirstPentiumchipssoldbyDrMoore'scompany,Intel,in1993,ranat60mcyclesasecond.ThePentium4-thelastsingle-coredesktopprocessor-clockedup3.2billioncyclesasecond.6Disposingofthisheatisabigobstructiontofu

11、rtherminiaturisationandhigherspeeds.Theinnardsofadesktopcomputercommonlyhit80.At85,theystopworking.Tweakingtheprocessor'sheatsinks(copperoraluminiumboxesdesignedtoradiateheataway)hasreacheditslimit.Sohastweakingthefansthatcirculateairoverthoseheatsinks.Andtheideaofshiftingfromsingle-coreprocesso

12、rstosystemsthatdividedprocessingpowerbetweenfirsttwo,andthenfour,subunits,inordertospreadthethermalload,alsoseemstohavetheendoftheroadinsight.7Onewayoutofthismaybeasecondcuriousphysicalphenomenon,thethermoelectriceffect.Likeparaelectricmaterials,thisgenerateselectricityfromaheatsourceandproducescool

13、ingfromanelectricalsource.Unlikeparaelectrics,asignificantbodyofresearchersisalreadyworkingonit.8Thetricktoagoodthermoelectricmaterialisacrystalstructureinwhichelectronscanflowfreely,butthepathofphonons-heat-carryingvibrationsthatarelargerthanelectrons-isconstantlyinterrupted.Inpractice,thistrickish

14、ardtopulloff,andthermoelectricmaterialsarethuslessefficientthanparaelectricones(or,atleast,thanthoseexaminedbyDrMischenko).Nevertheless,RamaVenkatasubramanian,ofNextremeThermalSolutionsinNorthCarolina,claimstohavemadethermoelectricrefrigeratorsthatcansitonthebackofcomputerchipsandcoolhotspotsby10.Al

15、iShakouri,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,sayshisareevensmaller-sosmallthattheycangoinsidethechip.9Thelastwordincomputercooling,though,maygotoasystemevenlesstechythanaheatpump-aminiatureversionofacarradiator.LastyearApplelaunchedapersonalcomputerthatiscooledbyliquidthatispumpedthroughlittlecha

16、nnelsintheprocessor,andthencetoaradiator,whereitgivesupitsheattotheatmosphere.Toimproveonthis,IBM'sresearchlaboratoryinZurichisexperimentingwithtinyjetsthatstirtheliquidupandthusmakesureallofiteventuallytouchestheoutsideofthechannel-thepartwheretheheatexchangetakesplace.Inthefuture,therefore,aco

17、mbinationofmicrochannelsandeitherthermoelectricsorparaelectricsmightcoolcomputers.Theold,asitwere,handinhandwiththenew.Questions1-5Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswiththescientistorcompanynamefromtheboxbelow.WritetheappropriatelettersA-Finboxes1-5onyouranswersheet.A.AppleB.IBMC.IntelD.AlexMische

18、nkoE.AliShakouriF.RamaVenkatasubramanian1.andhisresearchgroupuseparaelectricfilmavailablefromthemarkettoproducecooling.2.soldmicroprocessorsrunningat60mcyclesasecondin1993.3saysthathehasmaderefrigeratorswhichcancoolthehotspotsofcomputerchipsby10.4claimstohavemadearefrigeratorsmallenoughtobebuiltinto

19、acomputerchip.5attemptstoproducebettercoolinginpersonalcomputersbystirringupliquidwithtinyjetstomakesuremaximumheatexchange.6Questions6-9Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?Inboxes6-9onyouranswersheetwriteTRUEifthestatementistrueaccordingtothepassageFALSEifthestat

20、ementisfalseaccordingtothepassageNOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage6.Paraelectricmaterialscangenerateacurrentwhenelectrodesareattachedtothem.7Dr.Mischenkohassuccessfullyappliedhislaboratorydiscoverytomanufacturingmoreefficientreferigerators.8Doublingthefrequencyoflogicaloperationsinsidea

21、microprocessordoublestheheatoutput.9IBMwillachievebettercomputercoolingbycombiningmicrochannelswithparaelectrics.10Question10ChoosetheappropriatelettersA-Dandwritetheminbox10onyouranswersheet.10.Whichmethodofdisposingheatincomputersmayhaveabrightprospect?A.Tweakingtheprocessors?heatsinks.B.Tweakingt

22、hefansthatcirculateairovertheprocessor抯heatsinks.C.Shiftingfromsingle-coreprocessorstosystemsofsubunits.D.Noneoftheabove.11Questions11-14Completethenotesbelow.ChooseonesuitablewordfromtheReadingPassageaboveforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes11-14onyouranswersheet.Traditionalrefrigeratorsuse11pumps

23、todroptemperature.Atpresent,scientistsaresearchingforothermethodstoproducerefrigeration,especiallyincomputermicroprocessors12materialshavebeentriedtogeneratetemperaturedropsfivetimesbiggerthananypreviouslyrecorded13effecthasalsobeenadoptedbymanyresearcherstocoolhotspotsincomputers.Aminiatureversionofacar14mayalsobeasystemtorealizeidealcomputercoolinginthefuture.第9页 共9页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页