听力解题指导.ppt

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1、 英语听力是用英语进行交际必不可少的英语听力是用英语进行交际必不可少的一种能力。英语听力测试题主要考查考生的一种能力。英语听力测试题主要考查考生的基础知识、听音辨音、逻辑思维的能力，也基础知识、听音辨音、逻辑思维的能力，也考查学生的心理素质。要想在听力测试中取考查学生的心理素质。要想在听力测试中取得理想的成绩，考生除了要在平时学习中多得理想的成绩，考生除了要在平时学习中多训练听力，从读、写等其它方面提高对语言训练听力，从读、写等其它方面提高对语言的熟悉程度之外，还需要掌握应对策略。的熟悉程度之外，还需要掌握应对策略。一、解题技能综合指导一、解题技能综合指导 考生拿到试题后，要抓紧时间快速浏览所

2、给的考生拿到试题后，要抓紧时间快速浏览所给的听力试题，看清题目要求、问题与选项，然后预测听力试题，看清题目要求、问题与选项，然后预测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容。听录音时要快速、短文或对话可能涉及到的内容。听录音时要快速、简要地用省略语、缩略词以及自己习惯的符号记录简要地用省略语、缩略词以及自己习惯的符号记录下有关信息下有关信息(包括数字、人名、地名、关键词包括数字、人名、地名、关键词)，前，前提是不要影响跟听速度。要重点听与题干相关的内提是不要影响跟听速度。要重点听与题干相关的内容，把握关键词，并且要相信自己的判断，果断选容，把握关键词，并且要相信自己的判断，果断选择。如果某个小题未听懂那就放

3、弃，做到舍前保后。择。如果某个小题未听懂那就放弃，做到舍前保后。综上所述，解听力题的技巧可概括为：综上所述，解听力题的技巧可概括为：略读考题，学会预测。略读考题，学会预测。有备而听，速记信息。有备而听，速记信息。把握要点，果断选题。把握要点，果断选题。调整心态，舍前保后。调整心态，舍前保后。二、考点类型及相应解题技巧二、考点类型及相应解题技巧 1. 事实细节题事实细节题 高考听力题中绝大多数是考查事实细高考听力题中绝大多数是考查事实细节的。考查角度多种多样节的。考查角度多种多样, 本部分只讲解本部分只讲解考查比例较大的考点类型。考查比例较大的考点类型。1) 动作意向题动作意向题 这种题型常见的

4、提问方式有这种题型常见的提问方式有: What does the man want to do? / What will . probably do? / What is . going to do? / What will the man do afterwards?等。解等。解题时题时, 考生一般根据对话或独白内容即可考生一般根据对话或独白内容即可得出答案得出答案, 但有时则需进行推理判断。但有时则需进行推理判断。【考例【考例】What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman.【

5、听力材料【听力材料】 M: Ive got my camera with me, but am I allowed to take photos here? W: I think so. It doesnt say you cant.【分析【分析】选选A。由这位男士所说的。由这位男士所说的am I allowed to take photos here可知可知, 他想拍照。他想拍照。2) 原因推理题原因推理题 该题型在高考听力试题中所占比例较大。判该题型在高考听力试题中所占比例较大。判断原因有时很容易断原因有时很容易, 往往在录音中有往往在录音中有because, because of, fo

6、r, as, since, now that, due to, owing to, thats why .等暗示信息。而有时要等暗示信息。而有时要通过上下文来进行逻辑推理。做这类题时要把通过上下文来进行逻辑推理。做这类题时要把握好关键词、句握好关键词、句, 审好题干审好题干, 做好听前预测做好听前预测, 边边听边记录。这类题常用听边记录。这类题常用Why .? / Whats the reason for .?的方式提问的方式提问。【考例【考例】 Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To a

7、sk about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her.【听力材料【听力材料】W: Hello, this is Andrea. M: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very good news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said shes very much looking forward to working with you. Isnt that wonderful? Congratulations, dear

8、! How does it feel to be Mirandas new assistant? I imagine that you are just delighted with this news. So lets see, you can start on Monday, right?W: Umm, well, I dont think I can start Monday. .【分析【分析】选选A。由。由Alex所说的所说的shes very much looking forward to working with you以及以及How does it feel to be Mira

9、ndas new assistant可知，他打电话给可知，他打电话给Andrea的原因的原因是想告诉她关于她的新工作的事。是想告诉她关于她的新工作的事。3) 数字、时间类题数字、时间类题 数字、时间类题可分为直接信息型和间接信息型数字、时间类题可分为直接信息型和间接信息型两种。对于直接信息型的题，答案在录音中直接给两种。对于直接信息型的题，答案在录音中直接给出出, 考生可以很容易地选出考生可以很容易地选出; 而间接信息型的题是录而间接信息型的题是录音中出现至少两个数字音中出现至少两个数字/时间时间, 考生需要听清这些数考生需要听清这些数字字/时间时间, 并搞清楚它们之间的关系并搞清楚它们之间的

10、关系, 有时需要用简单有时需要用简单的加减乘除运算来确定答案。常见的提问方式有：的加减乘除运算来确定答案。常见的提问方式有：When .? / What time .? / What day .? / At what time .? / How old .? / How much .? / How long .?等。等。【考例【考例】How much is the change? A. $8. B. $42. C. $50.【听力材料【听力材料】W: Hello, is this everything for you today?M: Yes.W: OK. The total is 8 dol

11、lars.M: Can you break a fifty?W: No problem. Heres your change, 42 dollars.M: Thank you.【分析【分析】选选B。由。由Heres your change, 42 dollars可可知找回的钱是知找回的钱是42美元。美元。2. 主旨大意题主旨大意题 这类题不仅要求考生能够听懂对话或独白这类题不仅要求考生能够听懂对话或独白, 而且要求考生具有较高的概括能力。而且要求考生具有较高的概括能力。【考例【考例】What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. An arrangem

12、ent for a day.B. An introduction to a place.C. An experience of culture.【听力材料【听力材料】May I have your attention, please? Here is our plan for tomorrow. Well have breakfast at 7:30 in the hotel. After that, well set out for the Natural Museum at 8:30. There, you can see a great exhibition of dinosaurs.

13、After lunch at a famous French restaurant, well drive to the beach where you can swim or simply walk around. Im sure youll be impressed by the beautiful scenery. Atabout 3:30, well visit the Central Square, the oldest part of the city. The square was built in 1815 with a history of about 200 years.

14、Itll be a great place for you to experience the local culture. .【分析【分析】选选A。由。由Here is our plan for tomorrow可知，谈论可知，谈论的主题是的主题是“明天的计划明天的计划”，故选，故选A项。项。3. 内容背景题内容背景题 这类题要求考生根据语境推断对话发生的这类题要求考生根据语境推断对话发生的场所。在做这类题时场所。在做这类题时, 考生应注意对话的关考生应注意对话的关键词。常见的对话场所有键词。常见的对话场所有: 学校（教室）、学校（教室）、医院（诊所）、机场、车站、饭店、商店、医院（诊所）、

15、机场、车站、饭店、商店、书店、邮局等。常用书店、邮局等。常用Where is the man / woman now? 的方式提问。的方式提问。【考例【考例】Where is the man now?A. On his way. B. In a restaurant.C. At home.【听力材料【听力材料】M: Hi, Maggie. Im coming, but its snowing and the traffic is moving slowly.W: OK, David, take your time. Well wait for you, so we can have dinne

16、r together.【分析【分析】选选A。由。由its snowing, the traffic is moving slowly以及以及take your time可知，在对话发生时，这可知，在对话发生时，这位男士还在路上。位男士还在路上。4. 人物关系题人物关系题 解这类题时，要抓住与说话人身份相关的解这类题时，要抓住与说话人身份相关的核心词。常考的人物关系有：师生、朋友、核心词。常考的人物关系有：师生、朋友、夫妻、父女、母子、同事、老板与职员、医夫妻、父女、母子、同事、老板与职员、医生与病人、司机与乘客、售货员与顾客等。生与病人、司机与乘客、售货员与顾客等。常用常用What might

17、 be / is the probable relationship between the speakers?的方式提的方式提问。问。【考例【考例】What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Classmates.【听力材料【听力材料】M: Hi, Jane! W: How are you, Mr. Morton?M: Fine. Its nice to see you. So, are you enjoying the

18、 party? W: Yeah, its great. The music, the food, everything.M: How time flies! I cant believe all you kids are graduating and this might be the last time I see some of you for a long time.W: Yeah, and Ill never forget your interesting lectures and your sense of humour. M: Thanks. Er . Do you have an

19、y plans for the summer before you go to college? .【分析【分析】选选A。由录音中的。由录音中的never forget your interesting lectures及及before you go to college可可知，对话双方可能是师生关系。知，对话双方可能是师生关系。5. 意图、观点或态度题意图、观点或态度题 说话者的意图、观点或态度也和具体语说话者的意图、观点或态度也和具体语言环境有关，只有结合具体语境进行归纳言环境有关，只有结合具体语境进行归纳或推理，才能理解说话者真正的意图、观或推理，才能理解说话者真正的意图、观点或态度。常

20、见的提问方式有：点或态度。常见的提问方式有：What does the man (woman) think of .? / How does the man (woman) feel about .? 等。等。【考例【考例】What does the man think of Saras plan?A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange.【听力材料【听力材料】M: All right, Sarah, we know that you are planning something big for Johns birthday. Could you tell us ju

21、st what you have in your mind? W: I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And Illsend her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday. M: Boy! What an excellent plan! Thats something special. I kind of guessed you had some secret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me. W: Well, I didnt want to say anything until I was sure she could come.【分析【分析】选选B。由这位男士所说的。由这位男士所说的Boy! What an excellent plan! Thats something special可知，他认可知，他认为萨拉的这个计划很好，很让人兴奋。为萨拉的这个计划很好，很让人兴奋。