2011高考英语一轮复习 语法专项（三）代词课件.ppt

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1、（三）代（三）代 词词一、物主代词的用法一、物主代词的用法【说明】【说明】“of名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”可用作定语可用作定语。Some friends of_mine will attend my birthday party.二、二、反身代词的用法反身代词的用法【说明】反身代词的惯用语：【说明】反身代词的惯用语： by oneself独自独自 for oneself为自己，亲自为自己，亲自 of oneself自动地，自发地自动地，自发地 help oneself to随便吃随便吃，自行取用，自行取用 come to oneself苏醒苏醒 make oneself at home不要

2、客气不要客气三、替代词的用法三、替代词的用法 代词代词it与替代词与替代词one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those的的 用法区别用法区别： it指代前面提到过的事物。指代前面提到过的事物。 one替代单数名词，表示泛指；替代单数名词，表示泛指；ones为其复数形式。为其复数形式。 the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语；替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语； the ones为其复数形式。为其复数形式。 that既可以替代单数可数名词，也可以替代不可数名词，若既可以替代单数可数名词，也可以替代不可数名词，若 替代单数可数名词时，相当于

3、替代单数可数名词时，相当于the one。 those替代复数名词，相当于替代复数名词，相当于the ones。 Your story is interesting，but I dont like it. I havent got a computer.I want to buy one next year. The population in China is much larger than that in Japan. The conditions are like those in the real spaceship.四、疑问代词的用法四、疑问代词的用法1.what，who 一般说来

4、，一般说来，what问的是职业或地位；问的是职业或地位；who问的是姓名。问的是姓名。 What was her husband？她丈夫是干什么的？她丈夫是干什么的？ Who was her husband？她丈夫是谁？她丈夫是谁？2.what，which which用于已知情况的选择，其后可跟用于已知情况的选择，其后可跟of短语；短语；what用于未知情用于未知情 况的疑问，其后不能跟况的疑问，其后不能跟of短语。短语。 What fruit do you like best? Which do you like better，oranges or apples?3.whatever，whi

5、chever，whoever分别为分别为what，which， who的强调形式。的强调形式。 Whatever do you want? Whoever gave you the book?4.注意下列疑问词的使用与汉语的差别。注意下列疑问词的使用与汉语的差别。五、不定代词的用法五、不定代词的用法可数可数one，each，many，both，another，either，neither，(a)few不可数不可数much，(a)little可数、不可数、不可数可数none，any，other，all，some复合不定复合不定代词代词anyone，anybody，anything；someone

6、，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，nothing六、不定代词的语法特征六、不定代词的语法特征1.every和和no只能用作形容词，不能用作代词。只能用作形容词，不能用作代词。2.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。表物类的复合复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。表物类的复合 不定代词，其指代代词用单数，即：不定代词，其指代代词用单数，即：it，its；表人类的复合不定；表人类的复合不定 代词，其指代代词通常用复数，即：代词，其指代代词通常用复数，即：they，their或或them等。等。 He sai

7、d something was lost，but he didnt say what it was.3.复合不定代词后都不可接复合不定代词后都不可接of短语，但分开写的短语，但分开写的some one，every one，any one都是两个词，之后可接都是两个词，之后可接of短语短语(注意注意no one不可接不可接of 短语短语)。 Every one of the students can speak good English.七、不定代词的用法难点七、不定代词的用法难点1.no one，none，nothing的用法区别的用法区别 (1)no one单独使用，只用于指人。单独使用，只

8、用于指人。 No one knows anything when he or she is born. (2)none一般与一般与of短语连用，指人或物。短语连用，指人或物。 none of the boys/the money/them none可强调数的概念，表示特指。可强调数的概念，表示特指。 He has many friends，but none can really help him when he is in trouble. (3)nothing意为意为“什么也没有，没有东西什么也没有，没有东西”，表示泛指概念。，表示泛指概念。 Nothing can stop us marc

9、hing forward.2.another，other，the other，others，the others的用法一览表的用法一览表八、代词八、代词itit的用法的用法1.作人称代词作人称代词 (1)指已提及的物品、事情、话语或动植物等。指已提及的物品、事情、话语或动植物等。 He bought a magazine and lent it to me. (2)指心中所想的人或事物。指心中所想的人或事物。 “Who is knocking on the door？”“”“It must be my brother.” (3)指天气状况、自然现象、时间、距离等。指天气状况、自然现象、时间、距

10、离等。 It was almost two oclock when he came back home. (4)指小孩子。指小孩子。 The child smiled when it saw its mother. (5)指生活或身体状况。指生活或身体状况。 How is it going with you？你的生活如何？你的生活如何？2.作笼统宾语作笼统宾语 (1)用在某些动词、介词之后。用在某些动词、介词之后。 I like it here.我喜欢这里。我喜欢这里。 We had a good time of it.我们玩得很愉快。我们玩得很愉快。 (2)用于某些习语中。用于某些习语中。

11、I got it.我明白了。我明白了。 Thats it.就这样了。就这样了。 At last weve made it.我们终于成功了。我们终于成功了。3.作形式主语或宾语作形式主语或宾语 (1)用于用于it isadj./n.不定式或动名词或不定式或动名词或that从句中。从句中。 Its illegal to drive without a license. It is certain that he will succeed. (2)用于用于it seems/appears/happens/occurs to sb.that从句中。从句中。 It happened that we ha

12、d met somewhere. It occurred to me that I should ask the police for help. (3)用于用于it looksas if/though从句中。从句中。 It looks as if were going to miss the plane. (4)用于用于it ispp.that从句中。从句中。 It is believed that he will be admitted to Beijing University. (5)用于用于think/find/makeitadj./n.不定式或动名词或不定式或动名词或that从从

13、句中。句中。 We found it useless arguing with him. (6)用于用于take it for granted that从句、从句、bring it to ones attention that从句、从句、see to it that从句或从句或depend on it that从句中。从句中。 We take it for granted that water is free at restaurants. I will see to it that the president is safe.4.组成特定句型组成特定句型 (1)强调句型强调句型it is/w

14、as.that/who. It was yesterday evening that he brought me the book. (2)it is/has been.since. It is almost ten years since he enjoyed himself so much. (3)it was(not)/will(not)be.before. It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.(4)so it is with.或或it is the same with. He is a student

15、and studies very hard，so it is with his brother.(5)when it comes to (doing) sth. When it comes to computer games，he is quite an expert.(6)its like sb. to do sth. Its quite like him to have been so rude to strangers. 对陌生人如此不礼貌，这很像他的所作所为。对陌生人如此不礼貌，这很像他的所作所为。(7)it is ones turn to do sth. Its my turn to

16、 look after the baby.(8)it is(about/high) time to do sth.或或that从句从句 Its high time that he got himself a wife and settled down. (9)if it werent for.或或if it had not been for. If it werent for my job，I would come with you. If it hadnt been for your help，I would never have succeeded.(10)it takes(sb.).to

17、 do. It takes wisdom to settle the quarrel between the two countries.(11)it is/was the first/second time that. Its the first time that I have heard her sing.(12)it is no wonder that. It is no wonder that he got the first place in the exam.过关落实过关落实1._ felt funny watching myself on TV. A.One B.This C.

18、It D.That 解析：解析：it it 在本句中充当形式主语。在本句中充当形式主语。 答案：答案：C2.Little joy can equal _ of a surprising ending when you read stories. A.that B.those C.any D.some 解析：解析：thatthat代指不可数名词代指不可数名词joyjoy。 答案：答案：A3.What do you think of the performance today? Great! _ but a musical genius could perform so successfully.

19、 A.All B.None C.Anybody D.Everybody 解析：解析：none but.none but.，除，除外没有人；只有。外没有人；只有。 答案：答案：B4.He has made a lot of films，but _ are good ones. A.any B.some C.few D.many 解析：解析：fewfew指指few of the filmsfew of the films，表示否定。，表示否定。 答案：答案：C 5.The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow evening

20、and two _ on the weekend. A.more B.other C.else D.another 解析：解析：more more 常用于数词后；常用于数词后；anotheranother用于数词前，用于数词前，“再，又再，又”的的意意 思。思。 答案：答案：A6._ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A.This B.That C.What D.It 解析：解析：itit充当形式主语，真正主语为充当形式主语，真正主语为the way he keeps the way he keeps changing his min

21、d changing his mind。 答案：答案：D 7.He got his first book published.It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _？ _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A.that；This B.this；It C.it；This D.that；It 解析：解析：thatthat指第一句中陈述的情况；第二空用指第一句中陈述的情况；第二空用it was.thatit was.that构构 成强调句型，成强调句型，thatthat后的句子省略了。后的句子省略了。

22、 答案：答案：D8.To save class time，our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for homework. A.us B.we C.our D.ours 解析：解析：usus用作用作studentsstudents的同位语，作的同位语，作hashas的宾语。的宾语。 答案：答案：A 9.The mayor has offered a reward of 5,000 to _ who can capture the tiger alive o

23、r dead. A.both B.others C.anyone D.another 解析：解析：anyoneanyone单数，任何人。单数，任何人。 答案：答案：C10.Treat _ to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. A.one B.oneself C.you D.yourself 解析：解析：treat oneself to sth.treat oneself to sth.，给自己买某物。，给自己买某物。 答案：答案：D 11.There will come a day when all of us

24、will be living in cities quite unlike _ of the present. A.ones B.them C.these D.those 解析：解析：thosethose替代上文的替代上文的citiescities。 答案：答案：D12.I am afraid I am not fit for the job，for it is _ calling for much patience. A.which B.what C.one D.that 解析：解析：one one 指同类事物中的任何一个。指同类事物中的任何一个。 答案：答案：C 13.Though a g

25、reat deal of material has been printed，Im afraid there arent enough copies for each listener to have _. A.it B.them C.those D.one 解析：解析：oneone此处泛指上文此处泛指上文copiescopies中的任何一个。中的任何一个。 答案：答案：D14.How _ feel to cover 60 miles on foot in a single day? Really tiring.Especially when there is no one in company. A.do you B.does that C.did you D.does it 解析：解析：itit作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。 答案：答案：D 15.Of them，how many do you want to act in the film? _ if you must ask：still a large number needed! A.All B.Both C.Neither D.None 解析：解析：allall代指三者或三者以上中的全部。代指三者或三者以上中的全部。 答案：答案：A