2008年全国职称英语理工类(B级)考试真题及答案(共13页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 She found me very dull A dirty B sleepy C lazy D boring 2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing A short B working C formal D secret 3 He was persuaded to give up the idea A mention B accept C consider D drop

2、 4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day A eats B drinks C buys D produces 5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story A strange B frightening C difficult D interesting 6 Its a gorgeous day anyway. A lovely B cold C normal D rainy 7 Her life is becoming more diverse A generous B humorous C varied D

3、 romantic 8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war A broadening B worsening C extending D accelerating 9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice A unable B indecisive C ready D reluctant 10 She is slenderwith delicate wrists and ankles A sick B weak C slim D pale 11 With immense reliefI s

4、topped running A some B enormous C little D extensive 12 The scientists began to accumulate data A collect B handle C analyze D investigate 13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck A hit B passed C reached D led 14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance A possible B profitable C easy

5、D wise 15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle A fact B mystery C statement D game 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题l分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Need to Remember Some people say they have no memory at all：I just cant remember

6、 a thing! But of course we all have a memoryOur memory tells us who we areOur memory helps us to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past In fact we have different types of memoryFor example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and placesSome people have such a strong visual me

7、mory，they can remember exactly what they have seen，for example，pages of a book，as a complete picture Our verbal（言语的）memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written：items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates，or a recipe With our emotional（的）memory，we reca

8、ll situations or places where we had strong feelingsperhaps of happiness or unhappinessWe also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound，and for performing physical movements We have two ways of storing any of these memoriesOur short-term memory stores items for up to thirty secondseno

9、ugh to remember a telephone number while we dialOur long-term memory, On the other hand, may store items for a lifetimeOlder people in fact have a much better long-term memory than short-termThey may forget what they have done only a few hours ago，but have the clearest remembrance（记忆）of when they we

10、re very young Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past，and that we invent the restIt is as though we remember only the outline of a storyWe then make up the detailsWe often do this in the way we want to remember them，usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own pa

11、stor maybe victims needing sympathy（同情） 16 Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 Visual memory may be used when we read a story A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

12、19 Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Animals do not have a long-term memory A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Long-term memory is more important than short-term memory A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Generally we remember only a few fa

13、cts about the past A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题l分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 The Supercomputer Network 1 Recently, ten laboratories run by governments in different parts of the world have become linkedTheir co

14、mputers have been connected so they can talk to each otherThis may not seem very dramatic news，but it is the beginning of a development that will increase the power of the Internet tremendously 2 The Internet is an interconnected（互联）system of networks that connects computers round the world and faci

15、litates the transmission and exchange of informationThe way that you use the Internet is by accessing this networkThis depends on the power that your system allows you to useThe power of your computer is responsible for how fast you can download（下载）files, how much data you can store，etcIf your compu

16、ter is old and slow，accessing the information can be very difficult 3 The new development in information technology has been called the grid（网格技术），and it will be a network of computers that are linked together。The grid will work in a different way from the Internet, enabling you to get the power of

17、the biggest computers in the world on your computerAccessing the information will no longer depend on the power of your computerThe idea is that while you access information, you will also have access to the power of the bigger computer stations. 4 0ne advantage of this revolutionary idea is that ge

18、ographical location will become irrelevant. The grid will decide which are the best parts of a worldwide network to do the job you wantThis means that you may be accessing a computer in Japan to solve a problem in Alaska 5 The grid can be compared to having an efficient personal assistantYou can giv

19、e your assistant a task and he will do it for youThe assistant will do the preliminary research, collect the data, compare them and decide on the best course of action by accessing any of the computer centres in the grid that happen to have the relevant informationAll you have to do is assign the ta

20、sk, sit back and wait 6 At present, possible applications of the grid in scientific research are being exploredWhile it has taken about fifteen years for Internet use to become widespread, experts believe that the grid could be up and running for private individuals far more quicklyScientists workin

21、g on grid projects are convinced that it will be as widely used as the web in the next ten years 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 A How does the grid work? B Power shared C Just make a request D Limitations of present Internet use E Distance is not a problem F A new era fo

22、r the Internet 27 Traditionally the power of your computer determines how fast you can access 28 The grid will enable you to get on your computer the power of in the world 29 The grid would be like ，who can perform your tasks efficiently 30 It is believed that the widespread use of the grid will bec

23、ome possible in the next . A the bigger computer stations B the advantage C ten years D information E your personal assistant F fifteen years 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 Sunspots Its not surprising that sunspots（太阳黑子）were observed by ancient astronomers（天文学家

24、）The largest sunspots on the sun can be seen without a telescopeIt was not until the invention of the telescope（望远镜）in the early l7th century，however，that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertakenThe great astronomer Galileo was among the first to make telescopic observations of sunspots Su

25、nspots are regions of extremely strong magnetic fields（磁场）found on the suns surfaceA sunspot has a dark central core known as the umbraThe umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra，where the magnetic field spreads outwardSunspots appear dark because they are giving off less radiationThe

26、y are cooler than the rest of the suns surface Sunspots are frequently observed in pairs or in paired groupsThe members of a spot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spotThey are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direction in which the sun rotates（旋转） The

27、 number of sunspots at any one time variesA large spot group may consist of as many as 10 groups and 300 spots across the sunThe number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cycleThe largest number occurs about every 11 yearsAt sunspot minimum，there are at most just a few s

28、mall spots The average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation, which is about 25 daysThe most persistent large spots, however, can survive for two to three months 31 Careful observations and systematic studies of sunspots A were made by ancient astronomers B started in th

29、e early 17th century C were made by Galileo only D could be made without a telescope 32 Sunspots are cooler than the rest of the suns surface because A they produce less energy B they are buried in the sun C they are far away from magnetic fields D they are close to magnetic fields 33 The leading sp

30、ot and the following spot are the names of A two large sunspots B a large spot and a small spot C the two spots in a spot pair D the central core and the ring around it 34 If an intense sunspot activity had occurred in 1857, the next one would have been in A 1858 B 1862 C 1865 D 1868 35 In the last

31、paragraph the word persistent means A important B effective C enduring D visible 第二篇 Where Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their handsAll across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives（蜂巢）and never returningResearchers call this phenomenon colony-co

32、llapse（群体瘫痪）disorderIt is reported that 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the US have vanished from their hives since last fallSo far, no one can explain why Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eatAs they fe

33、ed，honeybees spread pollen（花粉）from flower to flowerWithout this process，a plant cant produce seeds or fruits Now，a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many coloniesThey hope to find out whats contributing to the decline and

34、 to prevent bee disappearance in the future It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the beesTo explore that possibility，Jay Evans，a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture（USDA）Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing We know w

35、hat a healthy bee should look like on the inside, and we can look for physical signs of disease, he saysAnd bees from collapsing colonies dont look very healthy Their stomachs are worn down, compared to the stomachs of healthy bees, Evans saysIt may be that a parasite（寄生虫）is damaging the bees digest

36、ive organsTheir immune（免疫的） systems may not be working as they shouldMoreover, they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops，says Jerry Hayes，chief bee inspector for the Fl

37、orida Department of Agriculture. Some studies，he says，suggest that a certain type of insecticide （杀虫剂）affects the honeybees nervous system and memory. It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do, he says If it turns out that a disease is contributing t

38、o colony collapse，bees genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and others have notIn any group of bees there are many different kinds of genesThe more different genes a group has，the higher the groups genetic diversitySo far scientists havent determined the role of genetic diversity in

39、colony collapse，but its a promising theory，says Evans 36 What is the mystery that researchers find hard to explain? A Honeybees are flying all across the country B Half of the honeybees in the US have died C Honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return D Honeybee hives are in disorder 37 Rese

40、archers are seriously concerned with the phenomenon of colony-collapse disorder because A honeybees help produce one-third of the foods we eat B parasites on bees may spread everywhere C honeybees cannot find enough food elsewhere D honeybees feed on flowers 38 Which of the following is a possible c

41、ause of the colony-collapse disorder? A Population explosion B Decreasing number of flowers around C Genetically modified products D Diseases and chemicals 39 Which of the following explanations is given by Jerry Hayes to the phenomenon? A Bee-keepers do not understand the honeybees behavior B A cer

42、tain type of chemical destroys the honeybees nervous system C Honeybees are infected by unwanted insects D Some crops are poisonous to the honeybees 40 The word diversity in the last paragraph means A variety B makeup C disorderD distinction 第三篇 A Tale of Scottish Rural Life Lewis Grassic Gibbons Su

43、nset Song（1932）was voted the best Scottish novel of all time by Scotlands reading public in 2005Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotlands poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film，TV and radio in recent decades The novel is set on the ficti

44、onal estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War lAt its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine

45、（女主人公）We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy（her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children）; and learn about her feelings as she grows into a womanWe see her marry, lose her husband, then marry againChris has seemed so convincin

46、g a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about ChrisIt is truly a novel of a place and its peopleIts opening section tells of Kinraddies long history, in a language that imitates the plac

47、es changing patterns of speech and writing The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidentsIt is told from Chris point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody elses business and nothing is ever forgotten Sunset Song has a social theme tooIt is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives