GRE作文ISSUE提纲.pdf

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1、ISSUE 作文提纲-By William 1. As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate. 1) Machines are superior to human in some aspects, can facilitate working efficiency, and free us from repetitive works. Computer, assembling

2、line. 2) Machines rely on human mind to function. Thus, we human still have to think and instruct properly so that our purpose will be satiated. 3) Relying excessively on technology appears together with indolent. It is controversial what causes what. 2. To understand the most important characterist

3、ics of a society, one must study its major cities. 1) Cities do have some major cultural essence and can represent the society to certain extend. Like Beijing and Athens. 2) Most cities are multi-cultural, and the traditional thing may be substituted by influx of fresh culture. New York, Shanghai, a

4、nd Tokyo. 3) To fully understand a society, a more holistic view must be taken. Study both the cities and the rural areas. 3. Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed. 1) It is educational institutions res

5、ponsibility to enable students to be qualified for future competition and help they form a comprehensive view about themselves as well as the field they want to enter. 2) Whether it is likely to succeed involves various factors. Such as talent, interest, and perseverance. 3) It is the students thems

6、elves to make the decision what to do in the future. 4. Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could. 1) Scandals do reveal some drawbacks of entertainment celebrities and political leaders. In this sense, scandals help inform the pu

7、blic. 2) Motivated by profitability, small or even famous presses fabricate scandals in order to promote sales. If this is the case, scandal will confuse the public and defame those celebrities with thing they have never done. 3) People should distinguish defaming from debunking before drawing any c

8、onclusion about whether scandals are useful or not. 5. Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive. Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nations cultural traditions are preserved and generated. 1) Major cities do need financia

9、l support in order to incite the economic development rather than preserve the traditions. 2) It is equally possible that traditional essence will be found in rural area. People there are more pristine and preserve the custom better. 3) Culture is representation of most of people in a society, so th

10、e fund should be invested to places where most people reside. Judge by city or rural area is a false standard. 6. A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college. 1) It is true that certain courses are essential if the students want to furth

11、er their education. For example, math, physics and computer. 2) All the same curriculum would somehow suppress the students interests and make them less motivated to learn. 3) School should provide a combination of compulsory courses with selective courses. 7. Some people believe that government fun

12、ding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts can flourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts. 1) Art is never supposed to be accessible to all people because of its intrinsic nature of spiritual product. 2)

13、Money should be used for more important issue as hunger and access to clean water. 3) Government itself is not a proper entity to support art since art will be restrict and utilized for political purpose and lose its purity of aesthesis. 8. Claim: in any field-business, education, politics, governme

14、nt-those in power should step down after five years. Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership. 1) Rotating-presidency is an efficient way to prevent corruption and incite competition among the potential leader which in turn ends up more productiv

15、e. 2) However rotating would impair the consistency within a government or company, and this will undermine the policy durability and no long-term consideration will be available. 3) It would be a favorable choice to make an eclectic choice. Implementing a strict supervision mechanism and evaluation

16、 system that guarantee that company function properly and suitable for creative ideas. 9. In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field. 1) It is necessary to master the previous knowledge

17、about a certain field in order to further its study and make significant contribution to that field. Like Newton, Bill Gates. 2) However it is the preoccupied ideas that restrain our creative thinking and limit our innovation ability. Literature and design. 3) There are some fields that pre-knowledg

18、e never ranks first on the priority list. Singing-talents role may appear more prominent.10.Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness areas in their natural state, even if these areas could be developed for economic gain. 1) Human should bear some responsibility to preserve some

19、of the nature habitat for wilderness. Conservatives for panda and Yellow Rock National Park. 2) Extinction of wilderness areas and species could be explain away by Darwin s Selection Theory that it is normal to have species disappear from this planet and people should not try to protect them in sacr

20、ifice of everything. 3) Conservation and economic gain never mutually contradict each other. Establish Nature Park to stimulate tourism that benefits both nature and human. 11.People s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making. 1) Motivation. People could be motivated by numer

21、ous stimulations from human natural desire to moral and ethical sense. 2) Regulation. Not all our will are legitimate and we have to obey the rule as long as we are in this society. Want to do but cannot do. 3) Obligation. Required to sate the responsibility and be a strong link in the social circle

22、. Do not want to do but have to do. 12.Government should offer a free university education to any student who has been admitted to a university but who cannot afford the tuition. 1) It would be a favorable suggestion that students can obtain education without worry about the money they have to pay.

23、2) Certain drawbacks are clear. How to define that who is qualified to acquire the support and those in power may have the chance to manipulate the money so that those in need do not have the money. 3) Money should be given to solve more crucial issue such as hunger and access to clean water. 13.Uni

24、versities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the students field of study.1) Having various knowledge about several subjects is conducive that inter-subject knowledge will help to broaden the horizon and improve working efficiency.2) Prepare them better for future caree

25、rs since no career is single-related and a broad view will help them stand out.3) Whether or not to choose a variety of courses should be students own choice and it is universitys responsibility to provide them with diverse courses rather than command them to go.14.A nation should require all of its

26、 students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college. See 6. 15.Educational institutions should actively encourage students to choose fields of study that will prepare them for lucrative careers. 1) It is reasonable to take earning ability into account when choosing the field of

27、study. Family support, social status. 2) Happiness is more important than money. 3) Educational institution should focus more on enabling students to be qualified for future competition and inculcating them knowledge rather than suggesting them what to do and what to be in the future. 16.Some people

28、 believe that in order to be effective, political leaders must yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. 1) P

29、olitical leaders should remain on some of their judgment and implement the policy consistently. They know the information that cannot be exposed to public, so their decision is more likely to be farsighted. 2)Yielding to public opinion may lead to decrease in working efficiency, because there will a

30、lways be endless controversies. 3) It is part of the leader s role to serve the public. In this sense, leaders should take public opinion into consideration. 17.Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free. 1) Formal education is necessary because it enables mos

31、t of the ordinary people to have access to knowledge. University education. 2) Creative mind and innovation instinct will voluntarily make someone to acquire knowledge wherever possible. From mass media, from daily life. 3) Formal education does not restrain us, but on the contrary, it establishes a

32、 sound foundation for further creation. 18.The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority. 1) Being reasonably skeptic is conducive in helping society to develop. Because it provide different ideas from the orthodox and might incite creative thinking. 2) Over-skep

33、tic will impede the productivity and impair the trust among a society. Inter-individual relationship is undermined and upset the stability of society. 3) Excessive skepticism may even contribute to commotion and upheaval which are devastating to a society and civilization. People will be eager to su

34、bvert the government and establish an alleged more equal and more democratic one. 19.Governments should focus on solving the immediate problems of today rather than on trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future. 1) Immediate problem ask for action for its exigent nature. Car accidents, w

35、ars, and earthquakes. 2) Long term problems are also crucial to be taken care of. Global warming and soil erosion. 3) Government should value the significance of the problem rather than when or where does it happen. Solving immediate problems and anticipated problems are not mutually contradictory.

36、20.Some people believe that college students should consider only their own talents and interests when choosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field. 1) Interest and talent are significant becaus

37、e they are the best motivation that can make a student persistent about the field he chooses to enter. Bill Gates dropped out from university to develop Microsoft. 2) Availability of jobs is also important because one has to be responsible to support the family, maintain the social net work. That al

38、l need money which will be paid from the job. 3) Choosing field of study is far more than considering solely one aspect. It is indeed a multi-factor issue. Access to that field, prospective development. 21.Laws should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places. 1)

39、 Laws are not supposed to be omnipotent when dealing with different cases. Laws are just a reference for judges. 2) If laws are flexible which means the material and idea are more likely to be substituted or revised, laws will lose their consistency and authority. Even worse, they will be easily int

40、erfered by power. 3) It is reasonable to require justice rather than laws to be more flexible and consider the motivation and circumstances under which the incident occurred. 22.Claim: the best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the soc

41、iety chooses as its heroes or its role models. Reason: Heroes and role models reveal a societys highest ideals.1) Heroes are the highest ideals of a society and it represents partly the society. They stand for the best characteristic and ideal model of the society. Yao Ming, excellent but not averag

42、e. 2) Heroes and ideal models are always disguised when facing the public, so what people see might not be true. Good at some aspects but not omnipotent. 3) Impossible to be someone like a national hero, so the hero in turn does not represent the general publics characteristic.23.Government should p

43、lace few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development. 1) Scientific research is supposed to be disinterested and aiming at benefit all mankind. In this sense, government not only should not restrict but also encourage and provide support for scientific research. Medical research. 2)

44、 In the actual world, some researches are designed to devastate and disrupt others basic human rights. Weapons.3) Even if the initial purpose is beneficent, it might turn out to be undesirable after some other applications have been discovered. Nuclear power. 24.The best way to teach is to praise po

45、sitive actions and ignore negative ones. 1) Praising positive actions indeed will encourage conducting this deed again, and thus cultivating a favorable habit. 2) Praising too often will make one feel proud or even supercilious. So it is a desirable way to teach that help one form a habit of committ

46、ing positive actions. 3) On the other hand, ignoring negative action may lead to severe consequence. If one is not punished for having done bad things, he will take it for granted that it is reasonable doing such deed. Bullying-abuse-murder. 25.Governments should offer college and university educati

47、on free of charge to all students. 1) Free of charge education is undoubtedly a favorable solution to solve the undesirable drop-out and will enhance the basic human rights as receiving education. 2) Supporting education to the degree like free education is not an appropriate choice under certain ci

48、rcumstance where money could have been used to solve more crucial problems. Hunger, access to clean water. 3) Government can support education without upsetting other important issues that ask for money simply by providing tuition loan rather than free education. 26.The luxuries and conveniences of

49、contemporary life prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals. 1) It is how we define independent and strong that matter in this issue. Conveniences of contemporary life indeed impede some of our abilities such as strength and speed. We no longer need to hunter or fi

50、ght against each other on the battle using sword and spear. In this sense, we do retrograde some of our ability. 2) Being inter-dependent is a more productive way for a society and that benefits all the members living in it. People are more professional at what they do and with the help of technolog