高中动词时态讲解.ppt

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1、v动词时态（常用、常考的九种动词时态）一、一般现在时：v1、肯定式：v1）、S +be(am/is/are)+表语（状态/处所/年龄/职业等） v2)、S(I/ We /You /They /Sbs)+v. 3)、 单数第三人称构成形式：vHe /She /It )+Vs /Ves.2、 否定和疑问时：v1)、 S+be(am/is/are) + not . v is not = isnt are not= arentv Am/ Is/ Are+S+表语？v2)、 S(I/ We/ You / They / Sbs)+dont+V.v Do +S+V? dont= do not v3)、 S(

2、He /She / It /Sb) +doesnt?v Does +S+v? doesnt= does notC、用法：、表示目前或现在存在的状态或特征.、表示客观存在及普遍真理。、表示现在经常和习惯性发生的动作，常与 sometimes,often,usually,always,every等时间装于连用。、在时间状语从句中表示将来发生的动作。、表示按时间或计划将要发生的动作，长与时间状语连用，常用动词为：come,begin,go,leave,arrive,stop,start,return,open,close etc etc.D. examples:vHe looks tired.vTh

3、e sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.vPractice makes perfect.vThey usually come to school earlier.vWhen he comes, well go out to meet him.vClass begins at eight every morning.vTomorrow is Sunday.vThe meeting is Sunday.二、一般过去时A、构成形式:v）、肯定形式：vwas /were+表语 Ved +.v）、否定形式： vwas/were not+ 表语

4、didnt+V. v wasnt= was not werent= were not didnt= did notv）、疑问形式：vWas/ were+S+表语? Did +S+V?、用法v表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。v表示过去某一段时间内经常或习惯性发生的动作。v在状语从句中表示过去将来发生的动作。v表示过去发生的一连串动作，最后两动词之间用and连接。v注：、在语境中有时理解为“刚才，原来还不”v、表示过去习惯性动作时，可以用used to或would，但used to侧重于过去与现在的比较，指现在已不那样了；would注重过去习惯性发生的动作。v3、长与表示过去时间的状语或状

5、语从句连用。、examples:vHe was in Beijing some years ago.vShe traveled in Europe last year.vWhen I was at collage, I wrote home once a week.vHe wet to town ,bought some books and visited his daughter last Sunday.vHe said he would go for a holiday when hefinished his work.vShe used to take her dog out for a

6、 walk along the river.vAt night she would haer a long low voice.三、一般将来时v构成形式：v(I/We) shall +V. S+ will +V. vS+(I /We) shant +V. shant = shall notvS+ wont +V. wont + will notvShall +S(I /we) + V?vWill + S + V?、用法v表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态（为模糊概念）。vwill带有意愿色彩意味，在第二人称时，用来询问对方是否愿意或客气的命令。vshall用于第一、三人称时，用来征求对方意

7、见或表示建议，相当于Lets?C. ExamplesvThe dress will be ready soon.vIll go to see a film tomorrow.vWill /Would you please bring my book next time?vShall we go and see Miss Wang? =Lets go and see miss Wang, shall we?vThey will have a sports meeting next week. C、表示将来的其它形式vBe going to do sth 表示计划、打算、准备做某事。vBe to

8、do sth 表示拟定或计划中要发生的动作或按之则必须做的事情。vBe about to do sth 常when从句于连用，表示即将发生的事情，不与表示将来时间状语连用。vBe on the point of doing sth （与相同）vBe on the way to do sth 表示即将发生的动作。v一般现在时有时也可以表示将来的动作（1、在状语从句中。2、按计划或安排要发生的动作）。v现在进行时也可以表示安排、计划好要发生的动作，常用的动词有come, go, leave, start begin, arrive, return等。For examplesvI am going

9、to leave for Japan next year.vThe meeting is to be held at 9:00 next morning.vYou are to hand in your homework this afternoon. vShe is about to go bed when the telephone rings.vHe is leaving for Beijing soon.vThe train starts at 8:00 next morning.四、现在进行时vA、S+ be (am /is /are) +Ving vB、用法：v表示此时此刻或现在正

10、在进行的动作。v某些动词的进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。v同always, often等连用是表示赞扬、厌烦。v在状语从句中表示将来发生的动作。vHe is writing a letter nowvIm hoping to hear from you.vThe boy is always talking in the class.vWhen you are crossing the street, be careful. 下列几类动词不用进行时时态v感知或感觉的动词：hear, see, seem, smell, sound, look, feel等。v表示心理或情感的动词：like, lo

11、ve, hate, prefer, wish等。v表示状态存在的动词：be, exist, remain, stay, 等。v表示占有或存属关系动词：have, own, belong, contain等。v表示思考、理解等心理活动的动词：believe, doubt, forget, know, remember, understand等。五、过去进行时v表示过去某一时间或某一段时间内正在S+ was /were+ Ving.v进行的动作。v描述故事发生的背景。vcome, go, leave等动词的过去进行时表示过去将来。vI was doing my homework this time

12、 last night.vThe wind was blowing and it was raining.vHe said that the train was leaving the station.六、现在完成时vS+ has /have+ pp.v表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常于already, ever, never, just, yet, still等词连用。v表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态（常与延续性动词连用）。且常与for和since等表示一段时间的状语连用。即：for+一段时间或since+过去时间或从句。v在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来。注：v

13、常与so far, in the past /lastyear, week, day, month等连用。v常在It /This /That is+序数词time that 从句应用。v不与when从句或过去时间状语连用。vS has /have been+地点/here /there ，表示到过或去过某处（有过尽历）。vS has /have gone+地点here /there,表示去了某处（即不在这里、已离开）。examplesvHe hasnt yet turned off the light.vShe has ever read this book.vIll returned the

14、 book to you as soon as I have finished it.vHe has lived here since last summer.vWe have been here for 3 years. vHe has worked in the factory since last year/he came here.vChina has changed greatly in the past ten years .vThis is the first time that they have come here.vHave you ever been to America

15、.vHe has gone to Australia.七、过去完成时vA、 had+ pp.v用法：v、表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态（过去的过去）。v2、表示过去某一时间开始延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态（用延续性动词）。v、表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算。v、常连用的时间状语有by the last /by the end of lastv、常用于下列句型中：vHardly /No sooner(过去完成时)when /than（一般过去时）。vIt /This /That was the time that(从句用过去完成时)。vIt was +一段时间+since

16、(从句用过去完成时)。For examplesvBy the end of last team we had learnt 20 units.vHe had been in this collage for three years before he left it.vThey had meant to see me off at the airport, but they got there too late.vI had thought you would come tomorrow.vIt was the third time that he had made the same mist

17、akes.vIt was five days since they had bought this TV set.八、过去将来时v、S +would /should +V.v表示过去某一时间看将要发生的动作：常用在宾语从句中，表示从句动作发生在主句谓语动词之后。vwould为情态动词时，可表示过去的习惯；现在客气的请求和愿望。vHe said that he would go back to his hometown the next week.vThe old man would sit in the cocking chair.vI would like to a cup of tea.、

18、表示过去将来的其它形式vWas/ were going to do sth.vWas /were to do sth.vWas /were about to do sth.vWas /were on the point of doing sth.vWas /were on the way to do sthv部分动词的过去进行时和一般过去时。九、现在完成进行时v S + has /have + been +Ving.v表示经过去某一时间发生一直持续到现在的动作（动作未完成），动词必须用延续性动词。vHe has been working here for three years.vI have

19、 written a letter. （已完成）vI have been writing a letter.（为完成）动词被动语态vA、常用的九种被动语态形式v1、S+ am / is /are + pp.（一般现在时）v2、S+ was /were+ pp.（一般过去时）v3、S+ will /shall + be +pp.（一般将来时）v4、S+ would+ be +pp.（过去将来时）v5、S+ am /is / are +being +pp.（现在进行时）v6、S+ was /were + being + pp.（过去进行时）v7、S+ has /have +been+ pp.（现在

20、完成时）v8、S+ had been + pp.（过去完成时）v9、S+情态动词 be pp.（情态动词）学习被动语态的要点v在被动语态中，句子的主语是谓语动词的承受者，是动作的对象，与谓语动词构成动宾关系。v记住各时态被动语态的形式。v记住感官动词和使役动词的被动语态中，不定式作补足语时要带to。vS+ be（的各种形式 ) +seen /heard /noticed /felt / watched /observed /made /had etc + to do sth.vTom was made to recite those dull poems.用主动形式表示被动含义的几种情况v表示

21、状态特征的连系动词，如：look, sound, smell, taste, prove+ 表语 。vThe plan proves practical. v表示开始、结束和运动的动词，如：begin, start, finish, open, close, end, shut, run, movevThe closes at 6 every morning.v表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如：read, write, act, sell, wash, clear, wear, open, cook, dry, eat, drink.vThe pen writes smoothly.v主语系动词adj to do sth. The book is difficult to understand.v主语（动作的承受者）need /want /require+ doingv动词say, believe, report, announce, suppose, think, know, hope 等的形式主语为it时，用被动语态，后跟that从句。v即：It is /was reported that clause. Thank You Good bye!