中国古代传统文化中国特色常见词汇英语翻译.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流中国古代传统文化中国特色常见词汇英语翻译.精品文档.中国古代传统文化/中国特色/常见词汇英语翻译1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/B

2、rain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属

3、学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot 27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 诗经：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 史记：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Histo

4、rian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 西游记：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Years Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristi

5、cs37. 偏旁：radical 38. 孟子：Mencius 39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder 42. 农历：Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying o

6、f Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi 48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s) 54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck 56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相

7、声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off 59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker 62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地

8、区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：The Four Treasure of the Study Brush, Ink stick, Paper, and Ink stone1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses） 八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao（cf. logo） 江湖（世界） the jian

9、ghu World （the traits world） e.g. You cant control everything in a traits world. (人在江湖，身不由己) 道 Daoism（Taoism） 上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism 红学（红楼梦研究） redology 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world） 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work

10、done 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) posts; guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty

11、; anti-poverty 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline 2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial） 国庆节 National Day 中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival 春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Childrens Day 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Womens Day 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 五四青年节 Youth Day 3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique

12、Traditional Chinese Foods） 馄饨 wonton 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 米粉 rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 粉丝 glass noodles 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things） 中国电信 China Telecom 中国移动

13、China Mobile 十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国电脑联网 Chinanet 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project 希望工程 Project Hope 京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project 安居工程 Economy Housing Project 扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign 5 、特有

14、的一些汉语词汇 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana; dhgaya 混沌 chaos 道 Daosim, the way and its power 四谛 Four Noble Truth 八正道 Eightfold Path 无常 anity 五行说 Theory of Five Elements 无我 anatman 坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata 虚无 nothingness 双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits 相声

15、 cross-talk 噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people; night-owls 本命年 this animal year of sb. 处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage） 还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述 大陆中国 Mainland China 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl 大锅饭 comm

16、unal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers 关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals 四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and gree

17、n environment 7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items） 宣纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius 武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts） 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu 中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means） 中和 harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardin

18、al guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife 五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in

19、 ones old age 8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译 基层监督 grass-roots supervision 基础税率 base tariff level 婚介所 matrimonial agency 婚外恋 extramarital love 婚纱摄影 bride photo 黑心棉 shoddy cotton 机器阅卷 machine scoring 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 价格听证会 public price hearings

20、 甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team 家政服务 household management service 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel 矫情 use lame arguments借调 temporarily transfer渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence 扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the mi

21、ddle-income group. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive 外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工 laid-off workers 分流 reposition of redundant personnel 三角债 chain debts 素质教育 education fo

22、r all-round development 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects 社会治安情况 law-and-order situation 民族国家 nation state “台独” independence of Taiwan 台湾当局 Taiwan authorities 台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory. 西部大开发 Development of the West Regions 可持续性发展 sustain

23、able development 风险投资 risk investment 通货紧缩 deflation 扩大内需 to expand domestic demand 计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI ) 网络空间 cyberspace 虚拟现实 virtual reality 网民 netizen ( net citizen ) 电脑犯罪 computer crime 电子商务 the e-business 网上购物 shopping online 应试教育 exam-oriented education 学生减负 to reduce s

24、tudy load总裁助理assistantpresident综合治理comprehensivetreatment安居工程housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-fundedenterprises下岗职工laid-offworkers分流repositionofredundantpersonnel素质教育educationforall-rounddev

25、elopment通货紧缩deflation扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand计算机辅助教学computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)下海plungeintothecommercialsea下网offline小康之家well-offfamily;comfortably-offfamily新秀up-and-comingstar,risingstar新新人类NewHumanBeing;XGeneration形象小姐imagerepresentativeofaproductorabrand虚拟网virtualnet学生处studentsaffairsdivis

26、ion研究生毕业证 / 学位证graduate diploma / graduate degrees diploma摇钱树cashcow以人为本peopleoriented;peopleforemost义务教育compulsoryeducation易拉罐popcan应试教育examination-orientededucationsystem舆论导向directionofpublicopinion运球dribble在职博士生on-jobdoctorate早恋puppylove招生就业指导办公室enrolmentandvocationguidanceoffice证券营业部stockexchang

27、e;securityexchange知识产权intellectualpropertyrights中专生secondaryspecializedortechnicalschoolstudent中流砥柱mainstay,chiefcornerstone专卖店exclusiveagency;franchisedstore自我保护意识self-protectionawareness综合国力comprehensivenationalstrength综合业务数字网integratedservicedigitalnetwork(ISDN)公正、公平、公开just,fairandopen好莱坞大片Hollyw

28、oodblockbuster黄金时段primetime假唱lip-synch劲射powershot拉拉队cheeringsquad来电显示电话机callerIDtelephone论文答辩(thesis)oraldefense泡沫经济bubbleeconomy票贩子scalper,tickettout拳头产品competitiveproducts;knock-outproducts; blockbuster三角恋爱lovetriangle三维动画片three-dimensionalanimation扫黄/打非eliminatepornographyandillegal publications申

29、办奥运会bidfortheOlympicGames实现中华民伟大复兴bringaboutagreatrejuvenationoftheChinese nation市场疲软sluggishmarket素质教育educationforall-arounddevelopment筒子楼：tube-shapedapartment脱贫致富cast(shake,throw)offpovertyandsetoutonaroadto prosperity 网吧Internetbar 网恋onlineloveaffair网上冲浪surftheInternet网上交易平台onlinetradingplatform无

30、人售票self-serviceticketing无绳来电显示电话cordlesstelephonewithcallerID无线应用协议WAP（wirelessapplicationprotocol）商品的分类:1.frozen food 速冻食品2.dairy products 牛产品3.packaged foods 包装食品4.cleaning supplies 清洁用品5.personal-care supplies 个人护理用品6.car-care products 汽车护理用品7.yard-care products 庭院护理用品1.Convienience store便利店2.Gro

31、cery store小卖部3.Supermarket超4.Drug store药店5.Department store商场6.Discount store打折店7.Factory outlets厂家直销点8.Specialty shop专卖店9.Shopping mall/shopping center购物中心1.dish 碟子silverware 银器cooking utensils 厨具pots 壶pans 锅2.Hardware department:tool 工具paint 涂料light-fixture 灯饰home improvement products 家庭装修用品sewing

32、 machine 缝纫机washer 洗碗机 dryer 烘干机 refrigerator 冰箱vacuum sweeper 吸尘器water heater 热水器washing machine 洗衣机air conditioner 空调electric cooker 电炉microwave oven 微波炉pressure cooker 高压锅kettle 水壶chopping board 切菜板turner 锅铲leaver 切肉刀executive desk 办公photocopier 复印机laser printer 激光打印机floppy disk 软盘fax machine 传真机

33、appointment book 记事簿stapler 订书filing box 档案分类箱clip 纸夹 stationery cabinet 文具柜stereos/Hi-Fi 高保真音响积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories) 基因工程 genetic engineering基因突变 genetic mutation 基因图谱 genome; Gene chip (DNA microarray) 绩优股 blue chip集约经营 intensive operation 记帐式国债 book-entry T-bonds 记帐式国库券 inscri

34、bed treasury bond 记者席 press box记者招待会 press conference 家政服务 household management service 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 集资房 houses built on the funds collected by the buyers 加班 work extra shifts 嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest 动作 deception, feint 价格浮动范围 price-float range价格听证会 public price hearings 加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials 甲骨文 oracle bone in*ions 加快市场步伐 accelerate the marketization; quicken the pace of marketization 假冒伪劣产品 counterfeit and shoddy products加密 encrypt