高中英语虚拟语气公开课最全.pptx

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1、会计学1高中英语虚拟语气公开课最全高中英语虚拟语气公开课最全第一页，共35页。1.英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义：用来表示说的话(dehu)不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。虚拟语气定义虚拟语气定义(dngy)第1页/共35页第二页，共35页。虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点(ko din) 1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4.状语从句中虚拟语气的用法；状语从句中虚拟语气的

2、用法；5.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。第2页/共35页第三页，共35页。第3页/共35页第四页，共35页。时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight将来将来did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMi

3、ght1.一般一般(ybn)条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气第4页/共35页第五页，共35页。1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.2. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.3. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.4. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.与现在与现在(xinzi)事实相反事实相反与过去与过去(guq)事实

4、相反事实相反第5页/共35页第六页，共35页。5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.与未来事实可能与未来事实可能(knng)相相反反第6页/共35页第七页，共35页。1.If I were you, I _ bu

5、y the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been a

6、ble C. were not able D. are not able BCA第7页/共35页第八页，共35页。2.2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 条件从句中含有条件从句中含有(hn yu)should(hn yu)should，werewere， had had 三个助动词可将其放在句首，并把三个助动词可将其放在句首，并把ifif省略省略。If I were you, I would give it up.If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.Were I you, I wou

7、ld give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we If there should

8、be a flood, what should we do?do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?第8页/共35页第九页，共35页。3. 混合混合(hnh)(时间错综时间错综)型虚拟语气：型虚拟语气： 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致假设的谓语动词不一致(yzh)，叫做错综条，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。假设的时间而定。

9、If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.第9页/共35页第十页，共35页。 without和和but for构成构成(guchng)虚拟。虚拟。 Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished

10、 the work.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.4. 含蓄含蓄(hnx)虚拟条件句：虚拟条件句：If it were not (had not been) for 第10页/共35页第十一页，共35页。 5. 虚实虚实(xsh)结合条件句。结合条件句。 She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthd

11、ay, or I would have known nothing about it. I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless.真实真实(zhnsh)语气语气 + otherwise/or + 虚拟虚拟语气语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 + but + 真实真实(zhnsh)语气语气第11页/共35页第十二页，共35页。第12页/共35页第十三页，共35页。1）w

12、ish引导引导(yndo)的宾语从句的宾语从句wish 现在现在(xinzi)：过去过去：未来未来：过去(guq)时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird. (现在现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)1. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气第13页/共35页第十四页，共35页。2）表示坚持，命令，要求）表示坚持，命令，要求(yoqi)，建议的，建

13、议的动词后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。动词后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三个建议：三个建议：advise, suggest, propose四个要求四个要求(yoqi)：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用(shyng)虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用(shyng)should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。第14页/共35页第十五页，共35页。 我们建议我们建议TomTom去休息一下。去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要

14、实施死刑国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑(sxng)(sxng)。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be executed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.第15页/共35页第十六页，共35页。 以上动词相应的名词构成

15、的名词性从句（包括(boku)主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.第16页/共35页

16、第十七页，共35页。2. 主语主语(zhy)从句中的虚拟语气从句中的虚拟语气1）Its essential /necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 从句中的动词要用虚从句中的动词要用虚拟，即拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study h

17、ard.第17页/共35页第十八页，共35页。2）Its a pity/ no wonder + that - 从句中的动从句中的动词要用虚拟，表示词要用虚拟，表示(biosh)惊讶，遗憾，惋惜惊讶，遗憾，惋惜等感情色彩，即等感情色彩，即should+动词原形动词原形1.It is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer.2. It is no wonder that John should have won the game.第18页/共35页第十九页，共35页。名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

18、、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得值得(zh d)提及提及) 后需用后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。型的虚拟语气。考题考题(ko t)点击：点击：The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What

19、did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. have D. had hadBC第19页/共35页第二十页，共35页。B、主语从句中的虚拟语气、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本基本(jbn)句型：句型：It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do It is important, ne

20、cessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考题考题(ko t)点击：点击：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDB第20页/共35页第二十一

21、页，共35页。C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词动词(dngc)原形。原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

22、考题考题(ko t)点击：点击：His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA第21页/共35页第二十二页，共35页。第22页/共35页第二十三页，共35页。 1）as if /as though现在(xinzi)：过去：过去(guq)时过去(guq)完成时 He looks as if he were drunk. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby

23、 as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.第23页/共35页第二十四页，共35页。 2）in case, for fear that, lest 等引导等引导(yndo)的虚拟语气的虚拟语气1. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.2. I will not make a noise for fear that I should di

24、sturb you. I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me.第24页/共35页第二十五页，共35页。第25页/共35页第二十六页，共35页。1. would rather that -现在现在(xinzi)：过去：过去：未来：未来： I would rather you paid me now. (现在现在(xinzi) I would rather you had gone, too. (过去过去(guq) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时

25、过去完成时第26页/共35页第二十七页，共35页。2. If only (要是要是(yo shi)就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是要是(yo shi)我们的父母能和我们住在一起我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。就好了。 要是要是(yo shi)我没错过火车就好了！我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!第

26、27页/共35页第二十八页，共35页。3. Its high time +that -should +V.过去(guq)时你该走了。我们(w men)该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 第28页/共35页第二十九页，共35页。陈述陈述(chnsh)语气与虚拟语气语气与虚拟语气典型例题典型例题5) The volleyball match will be put off if

27、 it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained6) - Would you have called her up _ possible? - Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would beB该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实条件。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句句主句为将来时，从句(c

28、n j)用一般现在时代将来时。用一般现在时代将来时。问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用 would have called, 从句从句中与过去相反的动词形式为中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done；答句中表示的是；答句中表示的是真实真实(zhnsh)的情况，所以该用陈述语气。的情况，所以该用陈述语气。A第29页/共35页第三十页，共35页。高考题点击高考题点击(din j)7) You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt h

29、ave got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(02 上海上海) A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去(guq)发生的事

30、；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去(guq)相反。BB该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气，而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气。全句意思为“如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天(jntin)会做什么。”第30页/共35页第三十一页，共35页。 经典经典(jngdin)题目题目1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would know had asked would have knownC. asked him know D. had asked would know2.

31、What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherCD第31页/共35页第三十二页，共35页。3. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. had C. will haveD. had had4. When

32、 a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenBC第32页/共35页第三十三页，共35页。.- Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt10. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBD第33页/共35页第三十四页，共35页。C第34页/共35页第三十五页，共35页。